Some petrological features of Bosnian peridotitegabbro-complexes in the Dinaride zone of Yugoslavia     

Dr. J. J. Pamić 《Mineralogy and Petrology》1971,15(1):14-42

Summary The ophiolite zone of the Dinarides is part of the long gabbro-peridotitebelt stretching from the Alps to the Himalajas. It comprises plutonic rocks. ranging from peridotite to albite granite which intrude sediments of Jurassic (?) age (Diabase-Hornstein Formation) and are unconformably overlain by coarse-grained clastic sediments of Tithonian age.The principal plutonic rocks are alpine-type peridotite, represented by gneissic lherzolite and banded lherzolite with alternating olivinite and pyroxenite bands. Contacts between ultramafics and country rocks are distinctly tectonic and no contact phenomena have been detected. The banding of the ultramafics is dicordant with the long dimension of the larger rock units. It is presumed that the ultramafics were intruded into the Jurassic rocks as solid masses.Gabbro is about 5 percent as abundant as peridotite. It appears to be of two kinds, one related to peridotite, and the other related to dolerite. Feldspathic peridotite, troctolite, olivine gabbro and subordinate diallage gabbro are interlayered with, and grade into, feldspar-free peridotite. Compositional variations in the gabbro are obscure on a small scale and banding is not as easily recognized as in the ultramafic rocks.Gabbro related to dolerite forms distinct sill-like bodies in Jurassic sediments, frequently unrelated to ultramafic rocks. Rocks intruded by the sills are metamorphosed, unlike those along contacts with peridotite-related gabbro. The sills consist, predominantly of more or less amphibolized gabbrodolerite with subordinate gabbro-diorite, oligoclasite, albitite, albite syenite, and albite granite. The degree and trends of differentiation vary in different gabbro-dolerite masses.Amphibolites are as abundant as gabbro and occur mostly along contacts between ultramafics and Jurassic rocks. They appear to be of two kinds which can be correlated with the two kinds of gabbroic rocks.The two intrusive associations cannot be explained by a single magmatic process as proposed by the classical ophiolite hypothesis. All the relations suggest that the peridotite and associated gabbro were intruded in a nearly, if not quite solid state. They may have been derived from the basement of the Jurassic eugeosyncline made up of old Paleozoic formations or from the upper mantle.The gabbroic rocks associated with dolerite are cumulates formed by gravitational crystal settling from a primary tholeiite magma. The associated albite-containing rocks might be considered as final products of this fractionation, which also may have produced flows of spilite and subordinate keratophyre in the Jurassic sediments. It seems possible, however, that the soda-rich rocks could be a separate group formed from a hydrous spilitekeratopyre melt complementary to primary tholeiite magma. The gabbrodolerite rocks have been transformed into amphibolite of epidote amphibolite and low amphibolite facies by regional metamorphism.The interlayering of the amphibolite of higher metamorphic facies, containing labradorite and bytownite, with peridotite, suggests that they once were layered gabbro. This interlayering indicates a common origin. The relations of the banding and foliation indicate a good deal about the character of the flowage processes both in the amphibolite and in the ultramafics.

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Einige petrographische Züge bosnischer Peridotit-Gabbro-Komplexe der Dinariden-Zone Jugoslawiens

Zusammenfassung Die Ophiolith-Zone der Dinariden bildet einen Teil des langen Gabbro-Peridotit-Bogens, der sich von den Alpen bis zum Himalaya erstreckt. Sie umfaßt von Peridotit bis Albit-Granit reichende Erstarrungsgesteine, welche in Sedimente jurassischen (?) Alters intrudieren (Diabas-Hornstein-Formation) und welche diskordant von grobklastischen thitonen Sedimenten überlagert werden.Die verbreitesten Erstarrungsgesteine sind alpinotype Peridotite, die durch gneisartige Lherzolithe und gebänderte Lherzolithe mit abwechselnden Olivinit-und Pyroxenit-Bändern vertreten werden. Die Kontakte zwischen den Ultramfiten und den Rahmengesteinen sind eindeutig tektonisch—es wurden keinerlei Kontakterscheinungen gefunden. Die Bänderung der Ultramafite liegt diskordant zur Längserstreckung der größeren Gesteinseinheiten. Es wird angenommen, daß die Ultramafite als feste Massen in die jurassischen Sedimente intrudiert wurden.Die Gabbros machen mengenmäßig etwa 5 Prozent der Peridotite aus. Es scheint zwei Arten zu geben: Die eine hat Beziehungen zu den Peridotiten, die andere zu den Diabasen. Feldspat-führende Peridotite, Troktolithe, Olivingabbros und untergeordnete Diallaggabbros wechseln lagenweise mit Feldspat-freiem Peridotit und gehen in diesen über. In kleinem Maßstab sind Wechsel in der Zusammensetzung der Gabbros undeutlich, und die Bänderung ist nicht so leicht zu erkennen wie bei den ultramafischen Gesteinen.Die Gabbros, welche Beziehungen zu den Doleriten zeigen, bilden getrennte Lagergang-ähnliche Körper in jurassischen Sedimenten; sie zeigen häufig keine Beziehungen zu ultramafischen, Gesteinen. Im Gegensatz zu den Kontakten von Peridotit-verwandten Gabbros zeigen Gesteine, in welche Lagergänge intrudierten, Metamorphoseerscheinungen. Die Lagergänge bestehen hauptsächlich aus mehr oder weniger amphibolisierten Gabbro-Doleriten mit untergeordneten Gabbro-Dioriten, Oligoklasiten, Albititen, Albit-Syeniten und Albit-Graniten. Ausmaß und Richtung der Differentiation variieren in den verschiedenen Gabbro-Dolerit-Massen.Amphibolite sind ebenso häufig wie Gabbros und kommen meist an den Kontakten zwischen Ultramafiten und jurassischen Gesteinen vor. Es scheint zwei Arten zu geben, welche den beiden Arten gabbroider Gesteine zugeordnet werden können.Die zwei intrusiven Assoziationen können nicht durch einen einzigen magmatischen Prozeß erklärt werden, wie dies durch die klassische Ophiolith-Hypothese versucht wurde. Alle Beziehungen weisen darauf hin, daß die Peridotite und die damit assoziierten Gabbros im fast, wenn nicht sogar völlig festen Zustand intrudiert wurden. Sie können vielleicht aus der Basis der jurassischen Eugeosynklinale, die aus altpaläozoischen Formationen aufgebaut ist, oder aus dem oberen Mantel stammen.Die mit Doleriten verknüpften gabbroiden Gesteine sind Anreicherungen, die durch gravitative Kristallabsonderung aus einem primären tholeiitischen Magma entstanden sind. Die zugehörigen Albit-führenden Gesteine könnten als Endprodukte, dieser Fraktionierung, welche auch Ströme von Spilit und untergeordnet Keratophyr in den jurassischen Sedimenten erzeugt haben könnten, betrachtet werden. Es scheint indessen möglich, daß die Natriumreichen Gesteine eine eigene Gruppe bilden könnten, die aus einer zum primären tholeiitischen Magma komplementären, wasserreichen Spilit-Kerato-phyrschmelze entstanden. Die Gabbro-Dolerit-Gesteine wurden durch Regionalmetamorphose in Amphibolite der Epidot-Amphibolit-und der unteren Amphibolitfazies umgewandelt.Die Wechsellagerung der höher metamorphen Amphibolite, die Labrodor und Bytownit enthalten, mit Peridotit weist darauf hin, daß sie früher gebänderter Gabbro waren. Diese Wechsellagerung zeigt, einen gemeinsamen Ursprung an. Die Beziehungen zwischen Bänderung und Schieferung geben sowohl in den Amphiboliten wie in den Ultramafiten starke Hinweise über den Charakter der Strömungsprozesse.

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With 14 Figures  相似文献   

Cyclonic activity in Yugoslavia and surrounding areas     

Dr. Djuro Radinović 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》1965,14(4):391-408

Summary A precise statistics of the cyclones in Yugoslavia and surrounding areas for the period 1951–1960 has been made. By that statistics eight different cyclogenetic regions in South Europe have been identified. They are: the Gulf of Genoa, the Tyrrhenian Sea, the Northern Adriatic, the Southern Adriatic, the Aegean Sea, the Black Sea, the Panonean Lowland and the Walachian Plain. Further, some features of cyclonic activity in the cyclogenetic regions such as the frequency of cyclogenesis, as well as the distribution, the duration and the intensity of cyclones have been discussed.

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Zusammenfassung Es werden die Ergebnisse einer eingehenden Statistik der in den Jahren 1951 bis 1960 in Jugoslawien und in den angrenzenden Gebieten aufgetretenen Zyklonen mitgeteilt. Daraus können acht verschiedene zyklogenetische Regionen in Südeuropa unterschieden werden. Es sind dies der Golf von Genua, das Thyrrhenische Meer, die nördliche Adria, die südliche Adria, das Ägäische Meer, das Schwarze Meer, das Pannonische Tiefland und die Walachische Ebene. Ferner wird als Kennzeichen der Zyklonenaktivität in den erwähnten Gebieten die Häufigkeit der Zyklogenese und die Verteilung, die Dauer und die Intensität der Zyklonen diskutiert.

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Résumé On communique le résultat d'une étude statistique complète des dépressions ayant évolué sur la Yougoslavie et les pays circonvoisins entre 1951 et 1960. De cette étude, on peut déterminer huit régions de l'Europe méridionale spécialement favorables à la cyclogénèse. Il s'agit du Golfe de Gênes, de la Mer Tyrrhénienne, du nord de l'Adriatique, du sud de l'Adriatique, de la Mer Egée, de la Mer Noire ainsi que des deux plaines de Pannonie et de Valachie. On discute enfin, comme critères de l'activité dépressionnaire dans ces régions, la fréquence des cyclogénèses ainsi que la répartition, la durée et l'intensité des dépressions.

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With 12 Figures  相似文献   

Zwei wichtige Merkmale zur Abgrenzung der Blaualgengattungen     

Dr Stjepko Golubić 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1967,29(1):176-184

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

NMR,XRD and IR study on microcrystalline opals   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

H. Graetsch  H. Gies  I. Topalović 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1994,21(3):166-175

Microcrystalline opal-CT and opal-C were investigated by ²⁹Si MAS NMR and ²⁹Si {¹H} cross polarisation MAS NMR spectroscopy, X-ray small angle scattering, X-ray powder diffraction and infrared absorption spectroscopy. The results are compared with those for non-crystalline precious opal (opal-AG), non-crystalline hyalite (opal-AN), moderately disordered cristobalite and with well ordered low-cristobalite and low-tridymite. Opal-C is confirmed to be strongly stacking disordered low-cristobalite with about 20 to 30% probability for tridymitic stacking. More extensively stacking disordered opal-CT does not contain detectable domains of low-cristobalite or low-tridymite. The stacking sequence is close to 50% cristobalite and 50% tridymitic. The local order decreases with increasing stacking disorder, so that the structural state of microcrystalline opals lies between cristobalite, tridymite and non-crystalline opals.  相似文献   

Electrochemical Treatment of Reactive Blue 52 Using Zirconium,Palladium and Graphite Electrode          下载免费PDF全文

Milica Jović  Dragan Manojlović  Dalibor Stanković  Marijana Marković  Ivan Anđelković  Jelena Papan  Goran Roglić 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(6):804-808

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Uncertainty analysis along the ecological quality status of water bodies: the response of the Posidonia oceanica multivariate index (POMI) in three Mediterranean regions     

Mascaró O  Bennett S  Marbà N  Nikolić V  Romero J  Duarte CM  Alcoverro T 《Marine pollution bulletin》2012,64(5):926-931

Uncertainty analyses allow the identification and quantification of the factors that contribute to the potential misclassification of the ecological status of water bodies, helping to improve the sampling design used in monitoring. Here we used a Posidonia oceanica multivariate index (POMI) bio-monitoring dataset covering a total of 81 sites distributed throughout 28 water bodies from the coast of Catalonia, Balearic Islands and Croatia to determine the levels of uncertainty associated with each region and how they change according to the quality status of water bodies. Overall, variability among sites (meadows) within water bodies was the factor that generated the greatest risk of misclassification among the three regions, within which the Balearic Islands had the lowest uncertainty, followed by Croatia and Catalonia. When water bodies classified in good/high quality were separated from those in moderate/poor status classes, we found that the latter displayed higher levels of uncertainty than the former.  相似文献   

In-situ and laboratory tests of old brick masonry strengthened with FRP in innovative configurations and design considerations     

M. Jarc Simonič  S. Gostič  V. Bosiljkov  R. Žarnić 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2015,13(1):257-278

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Impact of Common Cytostatics on DNA Damage in Freshwater Mussels Unio pictorum and Unio tumidus          下载免费PDF全文

Stoimir Kolarević  Zoran Gačić  Jovana Kostić  Karolina Sunjog  Margareta Kračun‐Kolarević  Momir Paunović  Jelena Knežević‐Vukčević  Branka Vuković‐Gačić 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(11):1471-1476

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Spherical Elementary Current Systems Method Applied to Geomagnetic Field Modeling for the Adriatic     

Eugen Vujić  Mario Brkić 《Acta Geophysica》2016,64(4):930-942

The aim of this work was to derive an accurate regional model of geomagnetic components on the Adriatic. Data of north, east and vertical geomagnetic components at repeat stations and ground survey sites enclosing the Adriatic Sea were used to obtain a geomagnetic model at 2010.5 epoch. The core field was estimated by use of the global Enhanced Magnetic Model, while the crustal field by a mathematical technique for expanding vector systems on a sphere into basis functions, known as spherical elementary current systems method. The results of this method were presented and compared to the crustal field estimations by the Enhanced Magnetic Model. The maps of isolines of the regional model are also presented.  相似文献   

Estimation of effect of unequal secular variation on geomagnetic data reduction     

Eugen Vujić  Mario Brkić 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2016,60(1):162-176

The geomagnetic field components are periodically measured at repeat stations. The main objective of the repeat stations is to provide data for tracing the secular variation of the geomagnetic field components. Secular variation at the repeat station is generally different from that at geomagnetic observatory used in the data reduction. The effect of the secular variation differences on geomagnetic data reduction was estimated for the regions of Europe, North America (below 60°N) and Australia, respectively, during the period of 2000-2010. These estimations were obtained by using the monthly mean values of north, east and vertical components of geomagnetic field, recorded at geomagnetic observatories. The effects were calculated by using observatories pairs, with distances from 350 km (in Europe) to 3100 km (in North America and Australia). The maximal effects were found to be the smallest in east component in Europe and North America, and vertical component in Australia; the effects increase with time from a central reduction epoch and they are not constant during mentioned eleven years; they were less than 1 nT only in Europe, for distances between the observatories up to 1000 km in all three components and for periods spanning ±1 month from a central epoch. It was found that their year to year variability is mostly due to the non-eliminated external field residuals in the observatories monthly means; their effect is up to 3 nT for ±3 months from a central epoch. Further, the real effects were compared to those modeled by IGRF-12 model. The maximal differences between the real and the modeled values are below 4.5 nT in all three components, for ±3 months from a central epoch.  相似文献