Relationship between Crustal 3D Density Structure and the Earthquakes in the Longmenshan Range and Adjacent Areas     

ZHANG Jisheng GAO Rui  ZENG Lingsen  LI Qiusheng  GUAN Ye  HE Rizheng  WANG Haiyan  LU Zhanwu 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(4):740-745

Abstract: This paper presents the 3D density structure of crust in the Longmenshan range and adjacent areas, with constraints from seismic and density data. The density structure of crust shows that the immense boundary plane of density distribution in relation to the Longmeshan fault belt is extended downward to ~80 km deep. This density boundary plane dips towards the northwest and crosses the Moho. With the proximity to the Longmenshan fault belt, it has a larger magnitude of undulation in the upper and middle crust levels. Density changes abruptly across Longmeshan fault belt. Seismic data show that most of the earthquakes in the Longmenshan area after the 2008 Ms8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake occurred within the upper to middle crust. These earthquakes are clearly distributed in the uplifted region of the basement. A few of them occurs in the transitional zone between the uplifted and subsided areas. But most of the earthquakes distributes in transitional zone from subsided to uplifted areas in the upper and middle crust where relatively large density changes occurr The 3D density structure of crust in the Longmenshan and adjacent areas can thus help us to understand the pattern of overthrusting from the standpoint of deep crust and where the earthquakes occurred.  相似文献   

不规则框架结构的组合隔震反应分析     

肖明葵  郑猛  昌继胜  张继丁 《地震工程与工程振动》2012,32(4):174-181

为研究不规则框架隔震结构的地震反应,分别对一个传统抗震结构、一个铅芯叠层橡胶支座隔震结构和四个组合隔震结构(隔震层由铅芯支座和滑板支座组成)进行了弹塑性地震反应时程分析,研究隔震支座参数对隔震效果的影响。结果表明:采用组合隔震技术时,合理选择隔震层的铅芯支座布置位置、滑板支座的摩擦系数和铅芯叠层橡胶支座的型号,可以有效地降低上部结构的扭转效应;对于不规则的建筑隔震结构,为减小地面运动带来的扭转效应,建议采用由铅芯支座和滑板支座组合而成的隔震层,可对上部结构的扭转起到很好的抑制作用。  相似文献   

Spatio-temporal characteristics of aftershocks and seismogenic structure of the 2011 M_W9.0 Tohoku earthquake,Japan          下载免费PDF全文

Jisheng Zhao  Yanqiong Liu  Zhenghua Zhou  Farah Lazzali 《地震科学（英文版）》2012,25(3):219-227

The Tohoku megathrust earthquake, which occurred on March 11, 2011 and had an epicenter that was 70 km east of Tohoku, Japan, resulted in an estimated ten's of billions of dollars in damage and a death toll of more than 15 thousand lives, yet few studies have documented key spatio-temporal seismogenic characteristics. Specifically, the temporal decay of aftershock activity, the number of strong aftershocks (with magnitudes greater than or equal to 7.0), the magnitude of the greatest aftershock, and area of possible aftershocks. Forecasted results from this study are based on Gutenberg-Richter's relation, Bath's law, Omori's law, and Well's relation of rupture scale utilizing the magnitude and statistical parameters of earthquakes in USA and China (Landers, Northridge, Hector Mine, San Simeon and Wenchuan earthquakes). The number of strong aftershocks, the parameters of Gutenberg-Richter's relation, and the modified form of Omori's law are confirmed based on the aftershock sequence data from the M_W9.0 Tohoku earthquake. Moreover, for a large earthquake, the seismogenic structure could be a fault, a fault system, or an intersection of several faults. The seismogenic structure of the earthquake suggests that the event occurred on a thrust fault near the Japan trench within the overriding plate that subsequently triggered three or more active faults producing large aftershocks.  相似文献   

小兴安岭鹿鸣大型钼矿LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb和辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

谭红艳  舒广龙  吕骏超  韩仁萍  张森  寇林林 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2012,42(6):1757-1770

鹿鸣钼矿是小兴安岭地区于近年发现的大型斑岩型钼矿床。为探讨研究区成岩成矿关系及其地质意义,在对矿化特征分析的基础上,采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb技术对鹿鸣地区含矿二长花岗岩测年,获得成岩年龄为 (187.1±1.2) Ma (n=15, MSWD=0.70) 。通过辉钼矿样品Re-Os同位素分析,获得等值线年龄为(177.4±3.5) Ma (n=11, MSWD=0.71) ,加权平均年龄为(178.08±0.79) Ma (n=11,MSWD=0.46)。两种方法获得的年龄大致相近,表明它们形成于同一成岩成矿系统。鹿鸣钼矿成岩成矿年龄,与乌奴格吐山铜钼矿、兰家沟钼矿和杨家杖子钼矿等矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄相近,表明包括小兴安岭地区在内的我国东北地区广泛存在早侏罗世岩浆-成矿作用。微量元素和同位素指纹显示,鹿鸣钼矿形成于地壳挤压向拉伸转换的构造环境,成矿物质为壳幔混合来源。  相似文献   

1985-2013年黑河中游流域地下水位动态变化特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

米丽娜  肖洪浪  朱文婧  李计生  肖生春  李丽莉 《冰川冻土》2015,37(2):461-469

在气候变化和人类活动的影响下, 黑河流域地表水和地下水的时空分布特征发生了很大变化. 研究水系统演化及其驱动机制对流域水资源可持续管理非常关键. 基于甘肃河西黑河中游流域地下水位动态、水文气象、土地利用和灌溉统计数据, 研究了1985-2013年黑河中游流域地下水位时空变化. 结果表明: 地表水的不合理分配和耕地的扩展导致了地下水的过量开采和地下水位的剧烈变化. 1985-2004年区域地下水位以下降为主; 2005-2013年呈现下降和回升两极发展趋势, 冲洪积扇群带地下水最大下降达17.41 m, 而黑河干流沿岸地下水位最大回升了3.3 m, 地下水埋深普遍增加了1.0~3.0 m. 尽管地下水位在2005-2013年表现出回升趋势, 但干流中游盆地地下水系统处于严重负均衡状态, 制定合理的“生态分水”方案和水资源综合管理规划非常紧迫.  相似文献   

Detection and temporal variation of Co in the digestive glands of the common octopus, Octopus vulgaris, in the East China Sea     

Takami Morita  Shigeyoshi Otosaka  Kou Nishiuchi  Haruya Yamada  Masayuki Minakawa 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(8):1193-1199

⁶⁰Co were detected in common octopus specimens collected in the East China Sea in 1996-2005. The source of ⁶⁰Co has remained unclear yet. Stable isotope analyses showed that there was no difference in stable Co concentrations between octopus samples with ⁶⁰Co and without ⁶⁰Co. This result showed that the stable Co in the digestive gland of octopus potentially did not include a trace amount of ⁶⁰Co and the source of ⁶⁰Co existed independently. Furthermore, investigations of octopus in other area and other species indicated that the origin of the source of ⁶⁰Co occurred locally in the restricted area in the East China Sea and not in the coastal area of Japan. Concentrations of ⁶⁰Co have annually decreased with shorter half-life than the physical half-life. This decrease tendency suggests that the sources of ⁶⁰Co were identical and were temporary dumped into the East China Sea as a solid waste.  相似文献   

Frequency Domain Response at Pacific Coast Harbors to Major Tsunamis of 2005–2011     

Xiuying Xing  Zhiqing Kou  Ziyi Huang  Jiin-Jen Lee 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2013,170(6-8):1149-1168

Tsunamis waves caused by submarine earthquake or landslide might contain large wave energy, which could cause significant human loss and property damage locally as well as in distant region. The response of three harbors located at the Pacific coast (i.e. Crescent City Harbor, Los Angeles/Long Beach Port, and San Diego Harbor) to six well-known tsunamis events generated (both near-field and far-field) between 2005 and 2011 are examined and simulated using a hybrid finite element numerical model in frequency domain. The model incorporated the effects of wave refraction, wave diffraction, partial wave reflection from boundaries, entrance and bottom energy dissipation. It can be applied to harbor regions with arbitrary shapes and variable water depth. The computed resonant periods or modes of oscillation for three harbors are in good agreement with the energy spectral analysis of the time series of water surface elevations recorded at tide gauge stations inside three harbors during the six tsunamis events. The computed wave induced currents based on the present model are also in qualitative agreement with some of the reported eye-witness accounts absence of reliable current data. The simulated results show that each harbor responded differently and significantly amplified certain wave period(s) of incident wave trains according to the shape, topography, characteristic dimensions and water depth of the harbor basins.  相似文献   

强地震前地下流体趋势异常的再探讨     

陆明勇  李志雄  刘天海  寇建新 《国际地震动态》2013,(10):21-23

重新探讨了强地震前地下流体趋势异常,获得了一些认识：地下流体异常不一定存在完整的趋势、短期和短临等异常类型,但趋势异常普遍存在;地下流体特别是地下水位的趋势性异常,其开始时的形态不一定为缓慢变化;地下流体趋势异常不一定具有时空转移特征;地下流体趋势异常可能为“共同前兆”.  相似文献   

Numerical modeling of two-phase binary fluid mixing using mixed finite elements   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shuyu Sun  Abbas Firoozabadi  Jisheng Kou 《Computational Geosciences》2012,16(4):1101-1124

Diffusion coefficients of dense gases in liquids can be measured by considering two-phase binary nonequilibrium fluid mixing in a closed cell with a fixed volume. This process is based on convection and diffusion in each phase. Numerical simulation of the mixing often requires accurate algorithms. In this paper, we design two efficient numerical methods for simulating the mixing of two-phase binary fluids in one-dimensional, highly permeable media. Mathematical model for isothermal compositional two-phase flow in porous media is established based on Darcy’s law, material balance, local thermodynamic equilibrium for the phases, and diffusion across the phases. The time-lag and operator-splitting techniques are used to decompose each convection–diffusion equation into two steps: diffusion step and convection step. The Mixed finite element (MFE) method is used for diffusion equation because it can achieve a high-order and stable approximation of both the scalar variable and the diffusive fluxes across grid–cell interfaces. We employ the characteristic finite element method with moving mesh to track the liquid–gas interface. Based on the above schemes, we propose two methods: single-domain and two-domain methods. The main difference between two methods is that the two-domain method utilizes the assumption of sharp interface between two fluid phases, while the single-domain method allows fractional saturation level. Two-domain method treats the gas domain and the liquid domain separately. Because liquid–gas interface moves with time, the two-domain method needs work with a moving mesh. On the other hand, the single-domain method allows the use of a fixed mesh. We derive the formulas to compute the diffusive flux for MFE in both methods. The single-domain method is extended to multiple dimensions. Numerical results indicate that both methods can accurately describe the evolution of the pressure and liquid level.  相似文献   

Characteristic of Gravity and Magnetic Anomalies in the Daba Shan and the Sichuan basin, China: Implication for Architecture of the Daba Shan   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

ZHANG Jisheng  GAO Rui  LI Qiusheng  GUAN Ye  WANG Haiyan  and LI Wenhui 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(4):1154-1161

The Dabashan nappe structural belt links the Hannan block to the west with the Huangling block to the east between Yangxian and Xiangfan. The Dabashan arc-shaped fold belt formed during late Jurassic and was superposed on earlier Triassic folds. To achieve an improved understanding of the deep tectonics of the Dabashan nappe structural belt, we processed and interpreted the gravity and magnetic data for this area using new deep reflection seismic and other geophysical data as constraints. The results show that the Sichuan basin and Daba Mountains lie between the Longmenshan and Wulingshan gravity gradient belts. The positive magnetic anomalies around Nanchong-Tongjiang-Wanyuan-Langao and around Shizhu result from the crystalline basement. Modeling of the gravity and magnetic anomalies in the Daba Mountains and the Sichuan basin shows that the crystalline basement around Nanchong-Tongjiang-Wanyuan-Langao extends to the northeast underneath the Wafangdian fault near Ziyang. The magnetic field boundary in the Zhenba-Wanyuan-Chengkou-Zhenping area is the major boundary of the Dabashan nappe thrusting above the Sichuan Basin. This boundary might be the demarcation between the south Dabashan and the north Dabashan structural elements. The low gravity anomaly between Tongjiang and Chengkou might be partly caused by thickened lower crust. The local low gravity anomaly to the south of Chengkou-Wanyuan might result from Mesozoic strata of low density in the Dabashan foreland depression area.  相似文献