Transient compression fault slip detected within andesitic rocks of the Casma Group,Lima, Peru     

Klimeš  Jan  Norabuena  Edmundo  Stemberk  Josef  René  Miloš 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2019,63(2):257-272

Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica - A fault slip within the Ñaña tunnel Lima, Peru has been monitored since 2012. The data are recorded using an optical-mechanical 3D extensometer, capable...  相似文献   

Terrace pediments in Makhtesh Ramon,central Negev,Israel     

Josef Plakht  Natalia Patyk‐Kara  Nina Gorelikova 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2000,25(1):29-39

Terrace pediments occupy approximately 30 per cent of the bottom of the Makhtesh Ramon erosional cirque in the central Negev Desert, Israel. River terraces and terrace pediments are genetically connected landforms, where each terrace pediment corresponds with a fluvial terrace of the same relative height. A pediment and river terrace constitute a geomorphic pair and should be regarded as chronometrically synchronous morphological elements. The formation of the terrace pediment staircases is controlled mainly by local base level changes. The present‐day configuration and overall morphology of Makhtesh Ramon formed in the early stages of its development by both stream erosion and subsequent pedimentation. Less significantly, modification by intermittent erosion alternating with periods of stability, resulted in deepening of the Makhtesh Ramon bottom. The present‐day stepped relief throughout the Makhtesh valley is, thus, a composite feature. The overall rate of terrace pediment formation in Makhtesh Ramon ranges from 0·05 to 0·10 mm a⁻¹. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Effects of social and climatic factors on building activity in the Czech lands between 1450 and 1950: a dendrochronological analysis     

Tom&#x; Kol&#x;  Petr Dobrovolný  Pter Szab  Tom&#x; Mikita  Tom&#x; Kyncl  Josef Kyncl  Irena Sochov  Ale&#x; Flídr  David Merta  Michal Rybní ek 《第四纪科学杂志》2022,37(1):123-132

The development of settlement and building activity is the result of socioeconomic, political and demographic changes in the past. However, accurate information on temporal variation in building activity is rather limited. Dendrochronological databases containing dated historical wooden constructions provide an important resource. We used 6514 tree-felling dates to reconstruct building activity in the Czech lands for the period 1450–1950. Comparing felling dates with historical events demonstrated that building activity was negatively associated with intense wars, particularly during the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648). After the Peace of Westphalia (1648), socioeconomic renewal and demographic growth were reflected in an upsurge of building activity, especially ecclesiastical buildings. While the construction of ecclesiastical and noble buildings culminated around the 1720s, rural buildings peaked in the 1780s and the 1820s. Although no direct effect of climate was demonstrated, adverse climatic conditions leading to harvest failures and subsequent famines (e.g. the ‘Hunger Years’ 1770–1772) significantly contributed to declines in building activity. In contrast, a higher number of felling dates were detected when strong and/or frequent windstorms occurred. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of building activity in Central Europe and advocates the use of dendrochronological databases for the investigation of human activities in history.  相似文献   

Site formation processes in loess areas: A case study from moravany-žakovska,western slovakia     

Ladislav Bnesz  Josef Hromada  Janusz Kozlowski  Krzysztof Sobczyk  Maciej Pawlikowski 《Geoarchaeology》1995,10(4):237-255

The site of Moravany-Žakovska in western Slovakia is situated in a loessic terrain and is dated to the end of the Late Glacial Maximum. This article shows the importance of analyzing the 0.01-0.1 mm fraction to interpret the sedimentological environment and a number of measured anthropogenic indices, such as burnt quartz grains, charcoal, radiolarite chips, microflakes, and microfragments of bone. Analysis of the profile of the site through time reveals the relationship between occupational levels and phases of slope wash that occurred during wetter climatic episodes; these are separated by phases of aeolian sedimentation. At the same time, analysis of anthropogenic indices in this size fraction permitted the identification of occupational levels, including those not recorded by macrofinds. Analysis of anthropogenic indices in horizontal exposures enabled the identification of latent settlement structures such as hearths, areas of radiolarite processing, zones where mineral dyes were prepared, and other structures not recorded by macrofinds.  相似文献