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961.
Antonio D. Montero-Dorta Darren J. Croton Renbin Yan Michael C. Cooper Jeffery A. Newman Antonis Georgakakis Francisco Prada Marc Davis Kirpal Nandra Alison Coil 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,392(1):125-134
We measure the dependence of the active galactic nuclei (AGN) fraction on local environment at z ∼ 1 , using spectroscopic data taken from the DEEP2 Galaxy Redshift Survey, and Chandra X-ray data from the All-Wavelength Extended Groth Strip International Survey (AEGIS). To provide a clean sample of AGN, we restrict our analysis to the red sequence population; this also reduces additional colour–environment correlations. We find evidence that high-redshift LINERs in DEEP2 tend to favour higher density environments relative to the red population from which they are drawn. In contrast, Seyferts and X-ray selected AGN at z ∼ 1 show little (or no) environmental dependencies within the same underlying population. We compare these results with a sample of local AGN drawn from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Contrary to the high-redshift behaviour, we find that both LINERs and Seyferts in the SDSS show a slowly declining red sequence AGN fraction towards high-density environments. Interestingly, at z ∼ 1 red sequence Seyferts and LINERs are approximately equally abundant. By z ∼ 0 , however, the red Seyfert population has declined relative to the LINER population by over a factor of ∼4.5. We speculate on possible interpretations of our results. 相似文献
962.
Andrés E. Piatti Juan J. Clariá Andrea V. Ahumada 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,397(2):1073-1083
We present CCD photometry in the Johnson U , B and V and Kron–Cousins I passbands for the open cluster NGC 2587. The sample consists of 4406 stars reaching down to V ∼ 21.0 . We developed a new method to clean statistically the colour–magnitude diagrams. NGC 2587 appears to be a sparse, relatively bright open cluster, with a few tens of members projected on to a populous star field. The comparatively bright F7/8 II type star HD 70927, located close to the cluster centre, seems not to be a member. Our analysis suggests that NGC 2587 is slightly younger than the Hyades and probably of solar metallicity. A cluster radius of roughly 8 arcmin was estimated from the radial stellar density profile. From 18 probable cluster members with measured proper motions, we derive the following mean values for NGC 2587: μα =−4.3 ± 3.6 mas yr−1 and μδ =−2.5 ± 3.4 mas yr−1 . Adopting the theoretical metal content Z = 0.02 , which provides the best global fit, we derive a cluster age of 500+60 −50 . Simultaneously, colour excesses E ( B − V ) = 0.10 and E ( V − I ) = 0.15 and an apparent distance modulus of V − MV = 12.50 are obtained. The interstellar extinction in the cluster direction is found to follow the normal law. NGC 2587 is located at a distance of (2.70 ± 0.70) kpc from the Sun and ∼9.8 kpc from the Galactic centre. 相似文献
963.
964.
Ximei Hou Guoshun Zhuang Yanfen Lin Juan Li Yilun Jiang Joshua S. Fu 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2008,61(2):119-131
The indoor PM2.5 aerosol samples for charcoal broiling source under Chinese traditional charbroiling and the ambient fine aerosols samples
(PM2.5) were collected in Beijing to investigate the characteristics of the charcoal broiling source and its impact on the fine
organic aerosols in the atmosphere. The concentrations of 20 species of the trace organic compounds, including polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), fatty acids, levoglucosan, and cholesterol in PM2.5 were identified and quantified by GC/MS. The total PAHs and fatty acids emitted from charcoal broiling to PM2.5 were 8.97 and 87,000 ng mg−1 respectively. The concentrations of the light molecular weight (LMW) 3- and 4-ring PAHs were much higher than those of the
high molecular weight (HMW) 5- and 6-ring PAHs. Fatty acids were the most abundant species in source profile, accounting for
over 90% of all identified organic compounds. More polyunsaturated fatty acid (linoleic acids) than the saturated fatty acid
(stearic acids) emitted in the cooking. Charcoal broiling is a minor source of PAHs compared to the source of biomass burning.
Comparing the ratios of levoglucosan/fatty acid and levoglucosan/cholesterol in the charcoal broiling samples to the ambient
samples, it is evident that meat cooking is an important source of fatty acids, but a less important source of cholesterol.
Cooking, as one of the source of fine organic particles, plus other anthropogenic sources would be related to the formation
of the severe haze occurred and spread over the urban atmosphere in most of the cities of China in the past several years. 相似文献
965.
用FY-2C/D卫星等综合观测资料反演云物理特性产品及检验 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
云的宏微观物理特性参数无论对天气、气候还是人工影响天气的研究和业务都有十分重要的应用价值.基于FY-2C/D静止卫星遥感观测,融合高空和地面等其它观测资料,研发了近10种云宏微观物理特性参数的反演技术方法,并实现业务化运行.简单介绍反演得到的云顶高度、云顶温度、云过冷层厚度、云暖层厚度、云底高度、云体厚度、云光学厚度、云粒子有效半径和云液水路径等近10种云宏微观物理参数产品的物理意义、反演技术方法和业务流程等;对主要云参数产品,利用最新获得的Cioudsat云卫星实测结果进行了对比检验和可用性分析;将反演产品同MODIS反演的同类产品进行对比分析,发现两者具有较好的一致性. 相似文献
966.
When tropical cyclones (hereafter referred as TCs) are over the ocean, surface friction plays a
dual role in the development of TCs. From the viewpoint of water vapor supply, frictional convergence and
Ekman pumping provide a source of moisture for organized cumulus convection and is propitious to the spin-up
of TCs. On the other hand, surface friction leads to a dissipation of kinetic energy that impedes the
intensification of TCs. Which role is dominant in the developing stage of TCs is a controversial issue.
In the present work, the influence of surface friction on the growth of TCs is re-examined in detail by
conducting two sets of numerical experiments initialized with different cyclonic disturbances. Results
indicate that, because of the inherent complexities of TCs, the impact of surface friction on the evolution
of TCs can not be simply boiled down to being positive or negative. In the case that a TC starts from a
low-level vortex with a warm core, surface friction and the resultant vertical motion makes an important
contribution to the convection in the early developing stage of the TC by accelerating the build-up of
convective available potential energy (CAPE) and ensuring moisture supply and the lifting of air parcels.
This effect is so prominent that it dominates the friction-induced dissipation and makes surface friction
a facilitative factor in the spin-up of the TC. However, for a TC formed from a mesoscale convective vortex
(MCV) spawned in a long-lasting mesoscale convective system (MCS), the initial fields, and especially the
low-level humidity and cold core, enable the prerequisites of convection (i.e., conditional instability,
moisture, and lifting), to be easily achieved even without the help of boundary-layer pumping induced by
surface friction. Accordingly, the reliance of the development of TCs on surface friction is not as heavy
as that derived from a low-level vortex. The positive effect of surface friction on the development of TCs
realized through facilitating favorable conditions for convection is nearly cancelled out by the
friction-induced dissipation. However, as SST is enhanced in the latter case, the situation may be changed,
and different development speeds may emerge between model TCs with and without surface friction considered.
In short, owing to the fact that TC development is a complicated process affected by many factors such as
initial perturbations, SST, etc., the importance of surface friction to the intensification of TCs may vary
enormously from case to case. 相似文献
967.
968.
969.
分析了2006年6月29日发生在安徽泗县的龙卷多普勒雷达的中气旋和龙卷涡旋特征(TVS)等产品。龙卷发生前,卫星云图上有3个对流云团呈东北—西南向排列,每个云团的东南侧有弓状回波发展,3条弓状回波首尾相连,也呈东北-西南向排列,龙卷发生在最西南的弓状回波的顶部。龙卷发生前弓状回波在上游产生了短时强降水,2 h降水量达到60 mm以上。在弓状回波的前沿,雷达探测到一系列的中气旋,龙卷发生前30 min,最西南的弓状回波追上其前面的回波带,发生了2个回波带合并,回波合并前,回波带上有2个中气旋,回波合并后,探测到一个特大直径的中气旋(径向直径25.8 km)。在龙卷发生地的上游,有一条带状的灾害性大风区,实地位置测定结果,该带状大风区与一系列中气旋最大风速圈的南边缘移过的路径一致。分析认为中气旋最大风速圈的南边缘,中气旋的风向与弓状回波后的直线风方向相同,两者叠加造成灾害性大风。出现龙卷1 h 40 min之前(05:00),在泗县上游淮北地区,雷达开始探测到中气旋产品,在12 min之前探测到TVS(龙卷涡旋特征)产品,这些雷达产品对大风灾害的临近预报无疑是非常有用的。 相似文献
970.
The adaptive wavelet collocation method(AWCM)is a variable grid technology for solving partial differential equations(PDEs)with high singularities.Based on interpolating wavelets,the AWCM adapts the grid so that a higher resolution is automatically attributed to domain regions with high singularities. Accuracy problems with the AWCM have been reported in the literature,and in this paper problems of effciency with the AWCM are discussed in detail through a simple one-dimensional(1D)nonlinear advection equation whose analytic solution is easily obtained.A simple and effcient implementation of the AWCM is investigated.Through studying the maximum errors at the moment of frontogenesis of the 1D nonlinear advection equation with different initial values and a comparison with the finite difference method(FDM) on a uniform grid,the AWCM shows good potential for modeling the front effciently.The AWCM is also applied to a two-dimensional(2D)unbalanced frontogenesis model in its first attempt at numerical simulation of a meteorological front.Some important characteristics about the model are revealed by the new scheme. 相似文献