Energy and policy providing for sustainable rural livelihoods in remote locations – The case of Cuba     

Judith A. Cherni  Yohan Hill 《Geoforum》2009,40(4):645-654

Modern, small-scale renewable energy technology has the potential to enable and sustain rural livelihoods, particularly in developing countries remote locations without access to the grid. Yet, the provision of rural energy to isolated communities might not achieve the desired long-term result unless its development is part of wider national policy geared to sustainable development and social equity. This article shows how a combination of technology and policy targeted at the improvement of livelihoods in rural areas is the best solution for maximising the capacity of renewable energy to deliver services. It pinpoints the transforming processes and the institutions participating in the delivery of energy technology. This work draws on the Cuban experience of renewable energy technology, that country’s efforts to improve quality of life for remote populations, and its pledge to promote environmental sustainability. Using a sustainable livelihoods approach, the results of a survey in a rural community are analysed in the framework of existing assets and policies. The article describes how it is not only local users who benefit from a comprehensive technical, social and environmental energy approach. The same governmental administration that promotes such services has much to gain from technology that works well, benefits the poor in remote locations and protects the environment within its larger policy promoting sustainable and egalitarian society.  相似文献   

Preface     

Judith A. McKenzie  Daniel Bernoulli  Maria Bianca Cita 《Sedimentology》2009,56(1):1-2

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The Effect of Contaminated Prey on Feeding,Activity, and Growth of Young-of-the-Year Bluefish, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pomatomus saltatrix</Emphasis>, in the Laboratory     

Allison C. Candelmo  Ashok Deshpande  Bruce Dockum  Peddrick Weis  Judith S. Weis 《Estuaries and Coasts》2010,33(4):1025-1038

Young-of-the-year (YOY) bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix, reside in some contaminated estuaries of the mid-Atlantic bight during their early life history, and as a result of this exposure, they may bioaccumulate high levels of contaminants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, and methyl mercury. Young-of-the-year bluefish from the Tuckerton, NJ, area of Great Bay (TK) were fed daily in a laboratory with common prey fish, menhaden, and mummichog from two sites: TK (reference) or Hackensack River (HR) (contaminated). Bluefish fed HR prey and the HR prey themselves had significantly elevated concentrations of PCBs, pesticides, and total mercury compared to TK counterparts. The bluefish fed contaminated prey for 4 months displayed significantly reduced feeding, spontaneous activity, and growth compared to the bluefish fed TK prey. Alterations of bluefish behavior and growth from exposure to contaminants may have detrimental effects on migration, overwinter survival, and recruitment success.  相似文献   

Deforesting the earth: from prehistory to global crisis by Michael Williams     

Dr.  Judith Tsouvalis 《The Geographical journal》2006,172(2):173-176

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A microstructural study of natural and experimentally induced cracks in a granodiorite   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

Dashnor Hoxha  M. Lespinasse  Judith Sausse  Franoise Homand 《Tectonophysics》2005,395(1-2):99-112

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Contamination of saltmarsh sediments and biota by CCA treated wood walkways   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Weis JS  Weis P 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,44(6):504-510

Sediments, marsh grasses, and ribbed mussels were collected under two CCA wood walkways (15 and 3 years old) and 1, 3, and 10 m out, in the high, middle and low marshes. These sediments, and samples from reference sites, were analyzed for Cu, Cr, and As by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Metal concentrations were highly elevated under the walkways and up to 10 m away. Dispersal of contaminants near the old walkway was greatest in the low marsh, less in the middle, and least in the high marsh, corresponding to periods of tidal inundation. Accumulation under the walkway was generally greatest in the low marsh. Contamination was much higher in sediments under the new walkway than the old one, but metals had not dispersed as far. Accumulation patterns in plants were similar, but the contamination did not disperse as far and was not greater under the new vs the old walkway, despite differences in sediment concentrations. In mussels, bioaccumulation was seldom statistically significant, due largely to small sample sizes.  相似文献   

SORCE Contributions to New Understanding of Global Change and Solar Variability     

Judith Lean  Gary Rottman  Jerald Harder  Greg Kopp 《Solar physics》2005,230(1-2):27-53

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What has Corruption Got to do with it? Understanding the Persistence of Rural-Urban and Inter-Regional Inequalities in Ghana and Zimbabwe     

Kwadwo?Konadu-AgyemangEmail author  Judith?Shabaya 《GeoJournal》2005,62(1-2):129-146

Inequalities are no respecter of countries, including the affluent ones. Nevertheless, these problems appear to prevail more in the developing countries, which have the dubious distinction of having the highest degrees of inequalities in the world. Inequalities exist between urban and rural areas, as well as between the various regions. This paper discusses inequalities in Ghana and Zimbabwe, emphasizing the rural–urban dichotomy. Using data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys (GDHS) and the Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Surveys (ZDHS) conducted by the respective statistical authorities of both countries and Macro International, the paper analyses existing inequalities in both countries. The paper also attempts to elucidate and understand the causes. It concludes that the traditional explanation of disparities that attribute the conditions to aberrations in the operations of market forces, while having some validity, may not provide a full explanation for Ghana and Zimbabwe’s predicament. It argues that whilst the existing disparities may be rooted in history, their persistence and worsening in the post-independence era could only be understood with reference to the corruption, nepotism and the mismanagement that have characterized these states since they gained their independence.  相似文献   

Connexion porphyre cuprifère–épithermaux de type low-sulfidation : analyse structurale et représentation 3D du secteur de Bolcana,monts Apuseni,Roumanie     

Olivier Cardon  Anne-Sylvie André-Mayer  Judith Sausse  Viorica Milu  Alain Chauvet  Jacques L. Leroy  Marc Lespinasse  Sorin Udubasa 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2005,337(9):824-831

The AuPbZn low-sulfidation epithermal ore deposits of Troita, Trestia, and Magura (Apuseni Mountains, Romania) are spatially related to the Bolcana Cu-porphyry. In an attempt to demonstrate the connection between these mineralizations, a geometric study was made based on structural measurements and GOCAD^© geomodeller 3D representation of deposits. This study indicates that a specific spatial distribution of the different Au and PbZn veins of the epithermal deposits occurs around the Cu-porphyry, which cannot result from telescoped systems. To cite this article: O. Cardon et al., C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005).  相似文献   

Arctic technology and policy: an assessment and review for the next decade: Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Cambridge, MA,USA, 2–4 March 1983     

Judith Kildow 《Marine Policy》1983,7(3):232-234

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