5. Prebiotic Chemistry – Biochemistry – Emergence of Life (4.4–2 Ga)     

Robert Pascal  Laurent Boiteau  Patrick Forterre  Muriel Gargaud  Antonio Lazcano  Purificación Lopez-Garcia  Marie-Christine Maurel  David Moreira  Juli Pereto  Daniel Prieur  Jacques Reisse 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2006,98(1-4):153-203

This chapter is devoted to a discussion about the difficulties and even the impossibility to date the events that occurred during the transition from non-living matter to the first living cells. Nevertheless, the attempts to devise plausible scenarios accounting for the emergence of the main molecular devices and processes found in biology are presented including the role of nucleotides at early stages (RNA world). On the other hand, hypotheses on the development of early metabolisms, compartments and genetic encoding are also discussed in relation with their role in extant living organisms. The nature of the Last Common Ancestor is also presented as well as hypotheses on the evolution of viruses. The following sections constitute a collection of independent articles providing a general overview of these aspects.  相似文献   

Jef Caers: Modeling Uncertainty in the Earth Sciences     

Julián M. Ortiz 《Mathematical Geosciences》2013,45(1):127-130

  相似文献   

A noniterative design procedure for supplemental brace–damper systems in single‐degree‐of‐freedom systems     

Julián M. Londoño  Simon A. Neild  David J. Wagg 《地震工程与结构动力学》2013,42(15):2361-2367

In this paper, a method for designing supplemental brace–damper systems in single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) structures is presented. We include the effects of the supporting brace stiffness in the dynamic response by using a viscoelastic Maxwell model. On the basis of the study of an SDOF under ground excitation, we propose a noniterative design procedure for simultaneously specifying both the damper and the brace while assuring a desired structural performance. It is shown that to increase the damper size beyond the value delivered by the proposed criteria will not provide any improvement but actually worsen the structural response. The design method presented here shows excellent agreement with the FEMA 273 design approach but offers solutions closer to optimality. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

遥感图像上韧性剪切带的信息提取及解译标志     

陆关祥  周鼎武  王居里  张成立 《地质科学》2005,40(3):421-i0004

以南天山东段铜花山—榆树沟地区为例,通过小波包图像处理分析,结合野外实地验证,认为小波包处理后的遥感图像上,韧性剪切带具有独特的影像特征。剪切带两侧的纹理在形状、粗细、延伸方向和弯曲类型上均表现为明显的不一致。剪切带本身表现为负影像特征及细腻、均匀和密集的定向纹理。大小不同的透镜体被密集纹理组成的强应变带环绕。剪切带穿越早期褶皱时,出现新月形、花朵形、鳄鱼嘴形和辫子形等多种复杂的叠加褶皱形态。根据剪切带两侧的影纹结构可以判断剪切带的运动方向。  相似文献   

The Discovery of Late Ordovician Granodiorite in the Xiemisitai Area, Xinjiang and its Geological Significance   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

WANG Juli  HU Yang  WANG Jianqi  WANG Min 《《地质学报》英文版》2017,91(6):2327-2329

<正>Objective The Xiemisitai area located in the northern part of the West Junggar,Xinjiang is an important component of the central Asian metallogenic domain.Recent studies show that the formation age of acid volcanic and intrusive rocks in the Xiemisitai area mainly ranges from the Late Silurian to the Early Devonian,and the age of the mineralized dacite porphyry is Early Silurian.These rocks are the  相似文献   

Richard J. Howarth: Dictionary of Mathematical Geosciences: With Historical Notes     

Ortiz  Julián M. 《Mathematical Geosciences》2019,51(1):127-128

Mathematical Geosciences -  相似文献   

新疆中天山北缘胜利达坂韧性剪切带   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

王润三  王居里 《新疆地质》1992,(3)

胜利达坂韧性剪切带沿中天山构造带北缘呈近EW向展布,为一条由一系列糜棱岩带、强片理化带及典型韧性变形显微构造所组成的强应变带。根据变形强度和原岩类型可划分出不同的构造带。显微构造的运动学和动力学分析表明,剪切带经历了早期的由南向北的斜冲推覆剪切及晚期的近水平右行走滑剪切。剪切带内发生了强烈的硅化、碳酸盐化、黄铁矿化、绢云母化和绿泥石化等蚀变,它们与金矿成矿作用关系密切。  相似文献   

Review of the development and applications of the Adem thermodynamic climate model     

Julián Adem 《Climate Dynamics》1991,5(3):145-160

Recent advances in the development and applications of the author's Hemispheric Thermodynamic Climate Model are presented. The model has been adapted to simulate the climates from 18 kyr BP to the present, and to study the effect of the ice sheets, the insolation anomalies and the atmospheric CO₂ content on such climates. The surface ocean temperature anomaly is also simulated in the model, and comparison with values of CLIMAP (1981) for 18 kyr BP shows some agreement. A long series of numerical experiments have lead to the improvement in prediction of the monthly surface temperature anomalies. Verification of 93 predictions over the contiguous United States of America shows a useful skill in the predictions. The model is being adapted for forecasting in the Mexican Republic. Experiments to improve the skill in prediction of surface ocean temperature anomalies in the Northern Hemisphere have been carried out, and using a fine resolution grid, the model has been used to simulate the annual cycle of the normal sea surface temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico, that agrees well with observations.This paper was presented at the International Conference on Modelling of Global Climate Change and Variability, held in Hamburg 11–15 September 1989 under the auspices of the Meteorological Institute of the University of Hamburg and the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology. Guest Editor for these papers is Dr. L. Dümenil  相似文献   

复杂结构构造区遥感图像的地质信息提取方法——基于小波变换的多层次图像分割   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7  

陆关祥  周鼎武等 《地球科学》2002,27(1):50-54

针对基岩裸露的造山带变形强烈、地层组合复杂、解译难度大的特点，提出了一种有效结合纹理信息和颜色信息的小波帧包变换的多层次图像分割方法，克服了以往图像处理方法将低层特征孤立起来的缺陷，在南天山东段铜花山－硫磺山地区地表地质结构的遥感影像解译中获得了令人满意的效果，为强烈变形的复杂结构构造区从遥感图像上提取地质信息提供了有效的途径。  相似文献   

Comparative Study of the Seismic Hazard Assessments in European National Seismic Codes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Julián García-Mayordomo  Ezio Faccioli  Roberto Paolucci 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2004,2(1):51-73

  相似文献