Regional Patterns of the Diurnal Properties of Heavy Hourly Precipitation*     

Julie A. Winkler 《The Professional geographer》1992,44(2):127-146

Heavy precipitation is one of the most significant natural hazards in the United States today. Knowledge of the climatography, including the temporal characteristics, of this phenomenon is necessary in order to better plan, design for, and predict this hazard. In this study, cluster analysis is used to simplify and clarify the spatial patterns in the time of day heavy precipitation most frequently occurs. Regions with similar diurnal properties are delineated, and the substantial seasonal fluctuations in the regional patterns are traced. Of particular interest is the expansion during the cool season and contraction during the warm season of the nocturnal precipitation regime in the central United States.  相似文献   

INSTANT APPEAL? CLOSE RANGEPHOTOGRAMMETRY WITH POLAROIDINSTANT PHOTOGRAPHY     

M. Mustaffar  I. Newton 《The Photogrammetric Record》1991,13(77):741-752

After reviewing Polaroid instant materials and processing, this paper describes tests carried out to assess the suitability of a selection of these materials for use in close range photogrammetry. Possible applications are suggested.  相似文献   

On predicting the response of forests in eastern North America to future climatic change     

Edward R. Cook  Julie Cole 《Climatic change》1991,19(3):271-282

Our ability to accurately predict the response of forests in eastern North America to future climatic change is limited by our knowledge of how different tree species respond to climate. When the climatic response of eastern hemlock is modeled across its range, we find that the assumed climatic response used in simulation models is not sufficient to explain how this species is presently responding to climate. This is also the case for red spruce growing in the northern Appalachian Mountains. Consequently, simulations of future change to forests that include eastern hemlock and red spruce may need to be improved. We suspect that similar findings will be made when other tree species are studied in detail using tree-ring analysis. If so, our present understanding of how individual tree species respond to climate may not be adequate for accurately predicting future changes to these forests. Tree-ring analysis can increase our understanding of how climate affects tree growth in eastern North America and, hence, provide the knowledge necessary to produce more accurate predictions.  相似文献   

Changes in stable isotope ratios of metapelites and marbles during regional metamorphism,Mount Lofty Ranges,South Australia: implications for crustal scale fluid flow     

Ian Cartwright  Julie Vry  Michael Sandiford 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1995,120(3-4):292-310

The Mount Lofty Ranges comprises interlayered marbles, metapsammites, and metapelites that underwent regional metamorphism during the Delamarian Orogeny at 470–515 Ma. Peak metamorphic conditions increased from lowermost biotite grade (350–400°C) to migmatite grade (700°C) over 50–55 km parallel to the lithological strike of the rocks. With increasing metamorphic grade, ¹⁸O values of normal metapelites decrease from 14–16 to as low as 9.0, while ¹⁸O values of calcite in normal marbles decrease from 22–24 to as low as 13.2 These isotopic changes are far greater than can be accounted for by devolatilisation, implying widespread fluid-rock interaction. Contact metamorphism appears not to have affected the terrain, suggesting that fluid flow occurred during regional metamorphism. Down-temperature fluid flow from synmetamorphic granite plutons (¹⁸O=8.4–8.6) that occur at the highest metamorphic grades is unlikely to explain the resetting of oxygen isotopes because: (a) there is a paucity of skarns at granite-metasediment contacts; (b) the marbles generally do not contain low-XCO₂ mineral assemblages; (c) there is insufficient granite to provide the required volumes of water; (d) the marbles and metapelites retain a several permil difference in ¹⁸O values, even at high metamorphic grades. The oxygen isotope resetting may be accounted for by along-strike up-temperature fluid flow during regional metamorphism with time-integrated fluid fluxes of up to 5x10⁹ moles/m² (10⁵ m³/m²). If fluid flow occurred over 10⁵–10⁶ years, estimated intrinsic permeabilities are 10^-20 to 10^-16m². Variations in ¹⁸O at individual outcrops suggest that time-integrated fluid fluxes and intrinsic permeabilities may locally have varied by at least an order of magnitude. A general increase in XCO₂ values of marble assemblages with metamorphic grade is also consistent with the up-temperature fluid-flow model. Fluids in the metapelites may have been derived from these rocks by devolatilisation at low metamorphic grades; however, fluids in the marbles were probably derived in part from the surrounding siliceous rocks. The marble-metapelite boundaries preserve steep gradients in both ¹⁸O and XCO₂ values, suggesting that across-strike fluid fluxes were much lower than those parallel to strike. Up-temperature fluid flow may also have formed orthoamphibole rocks and caused melting of the metapelites at high grades.This paper is a contribution to IGCP Project 304 Lower Crustal Processes  相似文献   

Role of ACC-deaminase and/or nitrogen fixing rhizobacteria in growth promotion of wheat (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Triticum aestivum</Emphasis> L.) under cadmium pollution     

Waseem Hassan  Safdar Bashir  Farhan Ali  Muhammad Ijaz  Mubshar Hussain  Julie David 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(3):267

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Could Crop Height Affect the Wind Resource at Agriculturally Productive Wind Farm Sites?     

Brian Vanderwende  Julie K. Lundquist 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2016,158(3):409-428

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Intercomparison of statistical and dynamical downscaling models under the EURO- and MED-CORDEX initiative framework: present climate evaluations     

Pradeebane Vaittinada Ayar  Mathieu Vrac  Sophie Bastin  Julie Carreau  Michel Déqué  Clemente Gallardo 《Climate Dynamics》2016,46(3-4):1301-1329

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Visit to the Museum of practical geology Jermyn street: Saturday,March 5th, 1898     

F.W. Rudler  E.T. Newton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》1898,15(8):287-289

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Ordinary meeting: Friday, 5th November, 1897     

E.T. Newton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》1898,15(6):237-238

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Annual general meeting: February 5th, 1897     

E.T. Newton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》1897,15(2):55-62

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