Rèsumè on new monograph “Advance in Mathematical Seismology” edited by Junji Koyama & Feng Deyi     

Junji Koyama  Feng Deyi  Yao Jialiu 《地震科学（英文版）》1996,9(1):179-179

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Rotating eruption of an untwisting filament triggered by the 3B flare of 25 April, 1984     

Hiroki Kurokawa  Yoichiro Hanaoka  Kazunari Shibata  Yutaka Uchida 《Solar physics》1987,108(2):251-264

A great 3B flare, whose X-ray class was X13, occurred over a delta-sunspot at 00: 01 UT on April 25, 1984. Before the flare, a strong magnetic shear was found to be formed along the neutral line in the delta-sunspot with shear motions of umbrae. The shear motions of the umbrae were caused by the successive emergence of a magnetic flux rope.Before the flare, several groups of sheared H threads and filaments were found to merge into an elongated filament along the neutral line through the delta-sunspot. In the merging process the helical twists were formed in the filament by the reconnection as in the Pneuman's (1983) model.At the post-maximum phase of the flare, the helically twisted filament spouted out with an untwisting rotation. Examining the morphological and dynamical features of the filament eruption, we concluded that it has some typical features of the flare spray and that it seems to be accelerated by the sweeping-magnetictwist mechanism proposed by Shibata and Uchida (1986).Contributions from the Kwasan and Hida Observatories, University of Kyoto, No. 276.  相似文献   

Two types of jets and origin of macrospicules     

Kazunari Shibata 《Solar physics》1982,81(1):9-17

Comparison between observations of macrospicules and numerical jet models obtained in our previous one-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations suggests that H macrospicules and EUV macrospicules unseen in H have different physical origins. H macrospicules are produced by pressure gradient force at the bright point in the middle or in the upper chromosphere. On the other hand, EUV macrospicules unseen in H are produced by shock waves which originate from network bright-points in the photosphere or in the low chromosphere and have propagated through the chromosphere. An essential difference between the two types of macrospicules is the density ratio between macrospicules and the corona. The critical parameter causing this difference is the height of bright points. The general relation between the density in jets (including also regular spicules) and the height of bright points is discussed.  相似文献   

Numerical analysis of shipping water impact on a deck using a particle method     

Kazuya Shibata  Seiichi Koshizuka   《Ocean Engineering》2007,34(3-4):585-593

The objective of this study is to simulate three-dimensional behavior of shipping water and to predict the impact pressure on the deck using a particle method. An experiment carried out in a two-dimensional wave tank with a fixed deck model was numerically analyzed in three dimensions. The fluid motion, the surface elevation, and the impact pressure on the deck were compared between the experiment and the calculation and good agreement was obtained.  相似文献   

Analysis of the global relationship of biennial variation of sea surface temperature and air-sea heat flux using satellite data     

Masanori Konda  Norihisa Imasato  Akira Shibata 《Journal of Oceanography》1996,52(6):717-746

We investigated the phase difference and the cross correlation coefficient between the band-pass filtered biennial variations of sea surface temperature (SST) and air-sea heat flux estimated by the monthly mean 2°×2° satellite data of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) from July 1987 to June 1991. Judging from the phase difference, it can be determined whether the biennial variation of SST is controlled by local thermal air-sea interaction or oceanic processes of horizontal transport. When the local air-sea heat flux controls the biennial variation of SST, the phase of SST advances /2 (6 months) against that of the air-sea heat flux. In contrast, when the biennial variation of SST is controlled by the oceanic process, the phase difference between the SST and the air-sea heat flux becomes 0 or (12 months). In this case, two types of the phase differences are determined, depending on which variability of SST and air-sea heat flux is larger. The close thermal air-sea interaction is noticeable in the tropics and in the western boundary current region. The phase difference of /2 appears mainly in the north Pacific, the southeast Indian Ocean, and the western tropical Pacific; zero in the eastern tropical Pacific and the northeast and equatorial Atlantic; and that of in the central equatorial Pacific and north of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) of the Atlantic. Phase differences of 0, , or /2 are possible in the western boundary current regions. This fact indicates that each current plays a different role to the biennial variation of SST. It is inferred that SST anomalies in the tropics are mutually correlated, and the process in which marked SST anomalies in the tropics are transferred to the remote area was probed. In the equatorial Pacific, the SST anomaly is transferred by the long planetary wave. On the other hand, it is found from the phase relationship and the horizontal correlation of SST that the SST anomaly in the central and western equatorial Pacific is connected through atmospheric mediation. It is suggested that the biennial variation of SST in the eastern Indian Ocean is affected by heat transport due to the Indonesian throughflow from the western tropical Pacific. It is found that the mentioned pattern of the interannual variation of SST in the tropical Atlantic as a dipole is not tenable.  相似文献   

Pigeonite-bearing basalts dredged from the Puerto Rico Trench: A microprobe study     

Tsugio Shibata 《Marine Geology》1979,30(3-4):285-297

A microprobe study was carried out on zoned clinopyroxene, composed of a pigeonite core mantled by augite, and plagioclase in six tholeiitic basalts dredged from the Puerto Rico Trench (20° 06.8′N, 65° 06.5′W). The pigeonite cores are characterized by high magnesium contents [Fe/Fe + Mg = 0.19 on the average]; their crystallization temperatures based on the three-pyroxene geothermometer are thus estimated to be higher than those of the well-studied tholeiitic pyroxene assemblages (Hakone, Weiselberg, Mull, Skaergaard, and Bushveld). It is suggested from textural and chemical relationships that pyroxene crystallization started first with precipitation of pigeonite followed by simultaneous precipitation of pigeonite and augite and finally by crystallization of augite alone in the groundmass.  相似文献   

A wind speed retrieval algorithm by combining 6 and 10 GHz data from Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer: Wind speed inside hurricanes     

Akira Shibata 《Journal of Oceanography》2006,62(3):351-359

A wind speed retrieval algorithm was developed using 6 and 10 GHz h-pol (6H and 10H) data of the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR) aboard the Advanced Earth Observation Satellite-II (ADEOS-II) and AMSR-E aboard AQUA, for the purpose of retrieving wind speed inside rainstorms, primarily hurricanes and typhoons. The h-pol was used rather than the v-pol, because the brightness temperature sensitivity to the ocean wind at h-pol is larger than v-pol. The microwave emission change of 6H and 10H corresponding to ocean wind was evaluated in no-rain areas by combining AMSR and SeaWinds data aboard the ADEOS-II (SeaWinds was NASA’s scatterometer), and it was found that the ratio of the two 6H to 10H increments due to ocean wind is 0.9. Assuming that this result also holds with higher wind speeds and under rainy conditions, the brightness temperatures at 6H and 10H were simulated using a microwave radiative transfer model. A parameter W6 (unit; Kelvin) was then defined, representing an increment at 6H due to ocean wind. W6 is applicable to rainy areas, and to all ranges of sea surface temperature. W6 was compared with wind speed reported by the National Hurricanes Center for several hurricanes in the Western Atlantic Ocean during three years (2002 to 2004). W6 averaged around centers of hurricanes was found to exhibit a sensitivity to wind speed, such as increasing from 22 K to 65 K as the wind speed rose from 65 to 140 knots (33 to 72 m/s), and an empirical relationship relating the averaged W6 to wind speed in hurricanes was derived.  相似文献   

Evidence of Magnetic Reconnection in Solar Flares and a Unified Model of Flares     

Kazunari Shibata 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1998,264(1-4):129-144

The solar X-ray observing satellite Yohkoh has discovered various new dynamic features in solar flares and corona, e.g., cusp-shaped flare loops, above-the-loop-top hard X-ray sources, X-ray plasmoid ejections from impulsive flares, transient brightenings (spatially resolved microflares), X-ray jets, large scale arcade formation associated with filament eruption or coronal mass ejections, and so on. It has soon become clear that many of these features are closely related to magnetic reconnection. We can now say that Yohkoh established (at least phenomenologically) the magnetic reconnection model of flares. In this paper, we review various evidence of magnetic reconnection in solar flares and corona, and present unified model of flares on the basis of these new Yohkoh observations. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Two-Sided-Loop-Type X-ray Jets and Metric Radio Bursts     

M. R. Kundu  J.-P. Raulin  N. Nitta  K. Shibata  M. Shimojo 《Solar physics》1998,178(1):173-178

We have searched for nonthermal radio signatures in the form of metric type III bursts in conjunction with two-sided-loop-type X-ray jets observed by the Yohkoh/SXT experiment. We have found no evidence of type III bursts in association with this particular type of X-ray jets in contrast to the positive evidence of type III's in association with anemone-type X-ray jets. This result is consistent with the simulation results of Yokoyama and Shibata (1995), which show that anemone-type jets are produced by vertical/oblique plasma flow whereas the two-sided-loop-type jets are produced by horizontal plasma flow.  相似文献   

The evolution of Pinatubo aerosols in the Arctic stratosphere during 1994–2000     

Masaharu Watanabe  Yasunobu Iwasaka  Takashi Shibata  Masahiko Hayashi  Motowo Fujiwara  Roland Neuber   《Atmospheric Research》2004,69(3-4):199-215

Balloon-borne aerosol measurements were performed with an optical particle counter between 1994 and 2000 at Ny-Ålesund (79°N), Svarbard. Throughout the observation period, continuous decay was found in the concentrations of particles with 0.4–0.6 μm in radius in the Arctic stratosphere, suggesting that Pinatubo aerosols remained even at the end of the 1990s. The decay rate was clearly higher for larger particle sizes, and higher at higher altitude (e-folding time of 970–526 days), suggesting a gravitational sedimentation effect. For smaller particles with R<0.4 μm, slight increases in concentration with time were found, which agreed with the measurements at mid-latitude. The sulfate mass mixing ratio in the Arctic stratosphere before 1998 showed values higher than those at middle latitude, while values were almost the same in both regions after 1998. A possible explanation of the latitudinal difference is a time lag (of 0.5–1 year) in the arrival of Pinatubo aerosols in the Arctic.  相似文献