Geomasking sensitive health data and privacy protection: an evaluation using an E911 database   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Allshouse WB  Fitch MK  Hampton KH  Gesink DC  Doherty IA  Leone PA  Serre ML  Miller WC 《国际地球制图》2010,25(6):443-452

Geomasking is used to provide privacy protection for individual address information while maintaining spatial resolution for mapping purposes. Donut geomasking and other random perturbation geomasking algorithms rely on the assumption of a homogeneously distributed population to calculate displacement distances, leading to possible under-protection of individuals when this condition is not met. Using household data from 2007, we evaluated the performance of donut geomasking in Orange County, North Carolina. We calculated the estimated k-anonymity for every household based on the assumption of uniform household distribution. We then determined the actual k-anonymity by revealing household locations contained in the county E911 database. Census block groups in mixed-use areas with high population distribution heterogeneity were the most likely to have privacy protection below selected criteria. For heterogeneous populations, we suggest tripling the minimum displacement area in the donut to protect privacy with a less than 1% error rate.  相似文献   

首都圈地区小震重新定位及其在地震构造研究中的应用   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

朱艾斓  徐锡伟  胡平  周永胜  林元武  陈桂华  甘卫军 《地质论评》2005,51(3):268-274

使用双差地震定位法对首都圈地区39°～4 1°N,115°～118°E范围内1980～2 0 0 0年的2 0 98个小震进行了重新定位,定位均方根残差从重新定位前的1.4 s降到0 .32 s。重新定位后,地震活动多集中分布于北东与北西向断裂的交汇处,或密集成北东与北西向线性分布,与已知活动断裂具有密切的关系。在顺义与延怀盆地一带揭示出几条高角度北西向隐伏活动断裂,长度在10～2 0 km间。小震活动显示的构造信息表明,北西向构造是重要的发震构造,在现今构造变形和地震孕育、发生中,与北东向构造起着同样重要的作用。同时,重定位震源深度分布在东西方向上显示出明显的不均匀性,推测是地壳变形和构造活动强弱在横向变化的一种反映。  相似文献   

Massive sedimentation of fine sediment with organic matter and enhanced benthic-pelagic coupling by an artificial dyke in semi-enclosed Chonsu Bay, Korea     

Lee JS  Kim KH  Shim J  Han JH  Choi YH  Khang BJ 《Marine pollution bulletin》2012,64(1):153-163

To assess the impact of an artificial dyke in Chonsu Bay (CBD) on the organic carbon (C(org)) cycle, we measured excess (210)Pb activities, C(org) and nitrogen content in sediment cores. The C(org) oxidation rates (C(ox)) on the surface sediment and benthic nutrient fluxes were also quantified with an in situ benthic chamber. The higher excess (210)Pb inventory, C(org) and nitrogen in cores near the CBD indicated lateral transport and local, massive deposition of particulate matter due to tidal circulation altered by artificial dyke construction. The C(ox) in sediment near the CBD was about twice as high as that out of the bay, suggesting the importance of benthic remineralization of organic matter. The benthic fluxes of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphate were four to six times higher than those outside the bay, corresponding to 141% and 131% respectively, of the requirements for primary production.  相似文献   

边界层风廓线仪多普勒频谱高度图综合应用初探   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

吴志根  丁若洋  郑杰  陈浩君  查亚峰  李建成  胡平 《气象》2011,37(8):1006-1017

文章介绍了边界层风廓线仪多普勒频谱高度图的原理,并且给出了无降水、有降水、降雪、速度折叠、地物杂波、外界信号干扰等典型的多普勒频谱高度图型。研究发现,多普勒频谱高度图除了可以从中提取测风产品所需的数据外,该在线显示的图形还实时提供了许多其他潜在的气象信息,并可用于：连续监视测站上空天气;提前了解测站上空风的垂直切变;发现并确定降水起始时间;在线估测风向风速;实时判别降水云底高度和0°层的范围;验证和解释风羽剖面图产品中的奇异现象;帮助固定和移动风廓线仪选址;诊断风廓线仪系统故障;评价风廓线仪系统软/硬件性能优劣等。文章指出：深入发掘边界层风廓线仪在降水天气系统中进行高时间密度探测的潜力,使得它可以晴雨两用,对今后将边界层风廓线仪配备到一般气象观测站,提高单站天气监测/预警能力和开展精细化天气预报意义深远。文章还对当前商业化的边界层风廓线仪提出了具体的改进意见,以满足频谱在线分析的需要。  相似文献   

X波段双偏振雷达探测数据分析与校验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

尹春光  王勤典  胡平  陈浩君 《气象科技》2011,39(5):608-614

保证移动X波段双偏振多普勒天气雷达在野外探测中雷达探测数据源的正确性,是预报员开展后续应用研究的重要前提。简要分析了差分反射率、相关系数、差分传播相移与差分相移系数的理论意义,同时结合多次观测经验,重点研究并验证了各双偏振产品在纯降水中的数值,研究双偏振参数对雷达硬件故障的指示意义,确保在探测时及时发现硬件故障与差损,提高探测数据质量。讨论了双偏振参数自测试校验,进行水平通道与垂直通道参数偏差校验,确保在探测之前获得双偏振通道的一致性。  相似文献   

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments,mussels and crustacea around a former gasworks site in Shoreham-by-Sea,UK     

Law RJ  Kelly CA  Baker KL  Langford KH  Bartlett T 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,44(9):903-911

Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have been determined in sediments, mussels and crustacea in the vicinity of a former gasworks site by Shoreham Harbour, UK. Very high concentrations of PAH were found in the substrate, an ash-like material deposited on the former gasworks site, which exhibited a profile consistent with the major source of contamination being coal or coke tar produced during the period of gas production at the site. Elevated PAH concentrations were also found in mussels both from the beach below the former gasworks site, and from sites further to the east in Portslade and Hove. The significance of these concentrations were assessed using an approach which involved the calculation of benzo[a]pyrene equivalent conoentrations (BaPEs), summing concentrations of individual PAH on the basis of their comparative potency as carcinogens. BaPE ranged from values of, or close to, zero for crustacea, to 336 microg kg(-1) wet weight in mussels from Southwick Beach. The contaminated mussels are not exploited commercially but may be taken by casual gatherers, and notices have been posted to warn potential consumers.  相似文献   

湖南江垭水电工程水库诱发地震可能性的初步评价          下载免费PDF全文

陈献程  胡平 《地震地质》1997,19(1):44-49

根据野外实地工作，进行水库诱发地震诱震条件的综合分析，并与其它发震水库进行对比，对江垭水电工程水库诱发地震可能性作出初步评价。认为江垭水库蓄水后，在岩溶发育的峡谷地段存在诱发地震的可能性，并对发震地段，最高震级和烈度进行了估计  相似文献   

地震预测研究中引入系统科学的几个问题的讨论     

刘晓春  胡平 《华南地震》1991,11(1):88-91

随着对复杂事物认识的不断深入，系统科学被引入地震科学研究中。本文 郑重讨论了浑沌论、协同学、耗散结构理论和突变论等理论在研究地震问题中的相互关系，并从认识论的角度探讨了一些问题，以期有益于有关研究。  相似文献   

采用自动竖井钻机发展竖井钻进技术的现状及远景     

Brum.  KH 李维海 《世界地质》1992,11(1):227-233

综述首次无钻杆竖井钻机是在1971年由联邦德国设计制造,这种技术使在导向孔基础上钻进垂直大口径深竖井成为可能。在引进时期,这种方法已经系统地改进成一种先进的技术方法,并且把它应用到许多实际的现场中,尤其是在煤矿开采中。这种无导向孔技术工艺是发展以全断面原理为基础的,即全机械化竖井钻进方法的重要步骤。在几个研究课题中,我们设计出可行方案。无钻杆、带有液压除屑液压提升装置的钻机已用于全断面竖井钻进。在1983年,成功地打了深180m升直径为5.8m的井筒,这是一次有意义的技术尝试。它表明,研究一种有效而可靠的大口径深竖井全机械化钻进方法,是完全可能的。由于全球日益增加对矿床开发的需要,使得要在不利的地质和气候环境条件下钻探矿床。在生产矿区内,环境因素的影响正变得更为突出。因此,有许多理由可以表明需要进行地下探矿工程,而寻求有效的垂直竖井钻凿方法是进行地下探矿极其重要的一个环节。  相似文献   

Amino acids derived from Titan tholins     

Khare BN  Sagan C  Ogino H  Nagy B  Er C  Schram KH  Arakawa ET 《Icarus》1986,68(1):176-184

An organic heteropolymer (Titan tholin) was produced by continuous dc discharge through a 0.9 N2/0.1 CH4 gas mixture at 0.2 mbar pressure, roughly simulating the cloudtop atmosphere of Titan. Treatment of this tholin with 6N HCl yielded 16 amino acids by gas chromatography after derivatization of N-trifluroacetyl isopropyl esters on two different capillary columns. Identifications were confirmed by GC/MS. Glycine, aspartic acid, and alpha- and beta-alanine were produced in greatest abundance; the total yield of amino acids was approximately 10(-2), approximately equal to the yield of urea. The presence of "nonbiological" amino acids, the absence of serine, and the fact that the amino acids are racemic within experimental error together indicate that these molecules are not due to microbial or other contamination, but are derived from the tholin. In addition to the HCN, HC2CN, and (CN)2 found by Voyager, nitriles and aminonitriles should be sought in the Titanian atmosphere and, eventually, amino acids on the surface. These results suggest that episodes of liquid water in the past or future of Titan might lead to major further steps in prebiological organic chemistry on that body.  相似文献