Contamination of Tris(4-Chlorophenyl) Methane and Tris(4-Chlorophenyl) Methanol in Marine Mammals from Russia and Japan: Body Distribution, Bioaccumulation and Contamination Status     

Mafumi Watanabe  Shinsuke Tanabe  Nobuyuki Miyazaki  Evgeny A. Petrov  Walter M. Jarman 《Marine pollution bulletin》1999,39(1-12):393-398

Four seal species (Phoca caspica, Phoca sibirica, Phoca hispida and Phoca largha) and one whale (Orcinus orca) from Russia and Japan were examined to determine the body distribution, bioaccumulation and contamination status of tris(4-chlorophenyl) methane (TCPMe) and tris(4-chlorophenyl) methanol (TCPMOH). Lipid normalized concentrations of TCPMe and TCPMOH were comparable in various organs and tissues, implying that their body distribution is followed to the lipid-dependent accumulation, similar to that for other organochlorines. The highest body burden of these compounds was found in the blubber. Bioaccumulation potential of TCPMe and TCPMOH was high and comparable to PCBs and DDTs. Relatively higher concentrations of TCPMe and TCPMOH were observed in Caspian seal than in other seal species examined. TCPMOH concentration in killer whale was the highest of the marine mammals examined. Another peak detected had similar mass spectrum to TCPMOH, however, at a different retention time, suggesting the presence of an isomer of TCPMOH.  相似文献   

Palaeotemperature curve for the Late Cretaceous of the northwestern circum-Pacific     

Yuri D. Zakharov  Nataliya G. Boriskina  Alexander V. Ignatyev  Kazushige Tanabe  Yasunari Shigeta  Alexander M. Popov  Tamara B. Afanasyeva  Haruyoshi Maeda 《Cretaceous Research》1999,20(6):685

In the northwestern circum-Pacific, two main trends in Late Cretaceous temperatures can be recognized. (1) In general, a recurrent warming trend is thought to have begun in the Turonian–Campanian, reaching temperature maxima in the early Late Santonian and early Late Campanian, and temperature minima in the earliest Santonian and perhaps early Campanian. (2) During the Maastrichtian, temperatures dropped sharply, with only a slight warming in the early Late Maastrichtian. The existence of a thermal maximum at the Coniacian–Santonian transition has previously been expected, but is not confirmed by new isotopic results.  相似文献   

Butyltin Contamination in Marine Mammals – A Review     

Shinsuke Tanabe 《Marine pollution bulletin》1999,39(1-12):62-72

In order to understand organotin accumulation in marine mammals, the present study determined the concentrations of butyltins (BTs) in various tissues and organs and described their distribution patterns relative to sex, age and geographical factors. Both cetaceans and pinnipeds showed higher BTs concentrations in the liver amongst various tissues and organs. In addition, noticeably high concentrations were found in the hair of pinnipeds, indicating possible excretion of BTs through shedding. BTs composition in mammals and their prey organisms suggested that pinnipeds have a stronger capacity to degrade BTs as compared to cetaceans. No age trends of BTs concentrations were observed in pinnipeds, while cetaceans showed increasing levels in immature growth stages. Comparing butyltin concentrations in various marine mammals, cetaceans retained higher butyltin concentrations than pinnipeds. These specific accumulation patterns found in marine mammals are probably attributable to the lower breakdown capacity of BTs in cetaceans and the significant excretion of BTs through shedding in pinnipeds. Unlike organochlorines, comparable residue levels of butyltins were found in male and female marine mammals. Such a trend suggests that butyltins are less transferable through gestation and lactation from mother to fetus/pup. On a global perspective, residue levels were found to be prominent in the coastal waters of developed nations. The present contamination by BTs may pose a considerable toxic threat to some coastal species of cetaceans. A relatively high percentage of BTs in total tin was found in the liver of cetaceans. This finding suggests that the hepatic tin in cetaceans exists predominantly in organic forms such as butyltin compounds, implying further that tin residues in marine mammals mostly reflects input from anthropogenic sources.  相似文献   

Great Eastern Japan Earthquake--possible marine environmental contamination by toxic pollutants     

Tanabe S  Subramanian A 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(5):883-884

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Evaluation of the JNLT site     

Hiroyasu Ando  Takeshi Noguchi  Masao Nakagiri  Akihiko Miyashita  Yasumasa Yamashita  Kyoji Nariai  Hiroyoshi Tanabe 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1989,160(1-2):183-189

Two steps have been taken to decide at what place and altitude to set up the JNLT on Mauna Kea. First, the wind tunnel experiment has been made in collaboration with the Institute of Meteorology using the two models of summit area with the reduced scales of 1/1000 and 1/5000. This study tells us that the north-west cone is suitable for JNLT. Secondly, we have done the measurement of the microthermal activities in this area with a 30 m tower, which was continued for about 4 months in collaboration with the University of Hawaii. This experiment has given the mean vertical profile ofC _T ² over 4 months and its scale height in the boundayr layer on our site. By use of these measurements, the contribution of the boundary layer to seeing is estimated. The behaviour ofC _T ² under strong winds can be explained very well by topographic effects, which is in fairly good agreement with the results of our wind tunnel experiment.Paper presented at the Symposium on the JNLT and Related Engineering Developments, Tokyo, November 29–December 2, 1988.  相似文献   

Trace elements in skin of Dall's porpoises (Phocoenoides dalli) from the northern waters of Japan: an evaluation for utilization as non-lethal tracers     

Jian Yang  Takashi Kunito  Shinsuke Tanabe  Masao Amano  Nobuyuki Miyazaki 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,45(1-12)

Concentrations of Fe, Zn, Cu, Se, Mn, Mo, Hg, Cd, Cr, Ag, Pb, Sr and V were determined in skins of Dall's porpoises (Phocoenoides dalli) of the Pacific coast truei-type population (PT population) (N=45), and the Sea of Japan-Okhotsk dalli-type population (JD population) (N=31) from the northern waters of Japan. Cutaneous Hg concentrations in both PT and JD populations were significantly correlated with age, indicating a possible alternative method of age estimation. A significant correlation was also noted between Hg concentrations in skin and liver, suggesting that biopsy samples of skin can provide a non-lethal surrogate for monitoring Hg contamination in this species. Trace element accumulation patterns differed strongly between PT and JD populations, when analyzed by principal component analysis, suggesting these patterns could be utilized as non-lethal tracers of population identification.  相似文献   

Separation of scattering and intrinsic attenuation for the Kanto-Tokai region, Japan, using measurements of S-wave energy versus hypocentral distance   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Michael Fehler  Mitsuyuki Hoshiba  Haruo Sato  Kazushige Obara 《Geophysical Journal International》1992,108(3):787-800

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Interelement relationships and age-related variation of trace element concentrations in liver of striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) from Japanese coastal waters     

Agusa T  Nomura K  Kunito T  Anan Y  Iwata H  Miyazaki N  Tatsukawa R  Tanabe S 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,57(6-12):807-815

Concentrations of 19 trace elements (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sb, Cs, Ba, Tl, Hg, and Pb) were determined in the liver of the striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) collected around Japan during 1977-1982 to examine the sex difference, age dependence, and interrelationships among trace elements. Tissue distribution of trace elements was also investigated in one adult and one fetus specimens. Generally, concentrations of Se, Sr, Ag, Cd, Cs, Ba, Hg, and Pb were higher in the tissues of adult than those of fetus, whereas the opposite trend was observed for Cr and Tl. There were no significant sex differences in the trace element levels in the liver. Significant positive correlations between age (0-26.5 years) and hepatic concentrations were found for Ag, Se, Hg, V, Fe, Pb, and Sr, suggesting their age-dependent accumulation in the liver. In contrast, hepatic concentrations of Mn and Zn decreased with age. Significant positive relationships were observed between Se, and Hg, Ag, V, Fe, and Sr in the liver.  相似文献   

Interelement relationships and age-related variation of trace element concentrations in liver of striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) from Japanese coastal waters     

Tetsuro Agusa  Kumiko Nomura  Takashi Kunito  Yasumi Anan  Hisato Iwata  Nobuyuki Miyazaki  Ryo Tatsukawa  Shinsuke Tanabe   《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,57(6-12):807

Concentrations of 19 trace elements (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sb, Cs, Ba, Tl, Hg, and Pb) were determined in the liver of the striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) collected around Japan during 1977–1982 to examine the sex difference, age dependence, and interrelationships among trace elements. Tissue distribution of trace elements was also investigated in one adult and one fetus specimens. Generally, concentrations of Se, Sr, Ag, Cd, Cs, Ba, Hg, and Pb were higher in the tissues of adult than those of fetus, whereas the opposite trend was observed for Cr and Tl. There were no significant sex differences in the trace element levels in the liver. Significant positive correlations between age (0–26.5 years) and hepatic concentrations were found for Ag, Se, Hg, V, Fe, Pb, and Sr, suggesting their age-dependent accumulation in the liver. In contrast, hepatic concentrations of Mn and Zn decreased with age. Significant positive relationships were observed between Se, and Hg, Ag, V, Fe, and Sr in the liver.  相似文献   

Running safety assessment of trains moving over bridges subjected to moderate earthquakes          下载免费PDF全文

P. A. Montenegro  R. Calçada  N. Vila Pouca  M. Tanabe 《地震工程与结构动力学》2016,45(3):483-504

A study about the running safety of trains moving over bridges subjected to earthquakes is presented. The study focuses on moderate earthquakes with relatively small return periods and high probability of occurrence. The analyses are performed using a nonlinear train‐bridge interaction method proposed by the authors, being the running safety evaluated with safety criteria existent in the literature. The influence on the train running safety of the seismic intensity levels, train running speed, and track quality is evaluated. Because no significant nonlinearity is likely to be exhibited in the columns for moderate levels of seismicity, the analyses are performed in the elastic domain. However, the reduction in the columns stiffness due to cracking is accounted, and a methodology to compute their effective stiffness is proposed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献