Forced response of the East Asian summer rainfall over the past millennium: results from a coupled model simulation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jian Liu  Bin Wang  Hongli Wang  Xueyuan Kuang  Ruyuan Ti 《Climate Dynamics》2011,36(1-2):323-336

The centennial?Cmillennial variation of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) precipitation over the past 1000?years was investigated through the analysis of a millennium simulation of the coupled ECHO-G model. The model results indicate that the centennial?Cmillennial variation of the EASM is essentially a forced response to the external radiative forcing (insolation, volcanic aerosol, and green house gases). The strength of the response depends on latitude; and the spatial structure of the centennial?Cmillennial variation differs from the interannual variability that arises primarily from the internal feedback processes within the climate system. On millennial time scale, the extratropical and subtropical precipitation was generally strong during Medieval Warm Period (MWP) and weak during Little Ice Age (LIA). The tropical rainfall is insensitive to the effective solar radiation forcing (insolation plus radiative effect of volcanic aerosols) but significantly responds to the modern anthropogenic radiative forcing. On centennial time scale, the variation of the extratropical and subtropical rainfall also tends to follow the effective solar radiation forcing closely. The forced response features in-phase rainfall variability between the extratropics and subtropics, which is in contrast to the anti-correlation on the interannual time scale. Further, the behavior of the interannual?Cdecadal variation in the extratropics is effectively modulated by change of the mean states on the millennial time scale, suggesting that the structure of the internal mode may vary with significant changes in the external forcing. These findings imply that on the millennial time scale, (a) the proxy data in the extratropical EA may more sensitively reflect the EASM rainfall variations, and (b) the Meiyu and the northern China rainfall provide a consistent measure for the EASM strength.  相似文献   

Numerical study of the barotropic responses to a rapidly moving typhoon in the East China Sea   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Yang Ding  Huaming Yu  Xianwen Bao  Liang Kuang  Caixia Wang  Wenjuan Wang 《Ocean Dynamics》2011,61(9):1237-1259

Barotropic responses of the East China Sea to typhoon KOMPASU are investigated using a high-resolution, three-dimensional, primitive equation, and finite volume coastal ocean model. Even the fact that the typhoon KOMPASU only brushed across the brink of China mainland without landing, it still imposed great influence across China's east coastal area, where storm surges ranging from 35 to 70 cm were intrigued during this event and a large wake of water setdown due to the outward radial transport driven by the cyclonic wind stress was generated after the KOMPASU traveled across the Yellow Sea. Analysis of the numerical results reveals that the barotropic waves propagating along the coast after the typhoon's landing can be identified as Kelvin wave and the currents associated with the storm are geostrophic currents. A series of model runs are initiated to diagnose the effects of wind stress, atmospheric pressure, and storm track variation on the surge's spatial distribution in the East China Sea. The barotropic waves affected by the atmospheric disturbance due to the typhoon in deep Pacific Ocean travel far more rapidly, arriving at the coastal regions at least 60 h ahead of the typhoon. The wave amplitudes are merely 0.2–0.4 cm and damp gradually due to friction. The model experiments also confirm that the surge levels in nearshore regions are highly dominated by winds, whereas the water level variations in deeper areas are controlled by the atmospheric pressure forcing during typhoon events in the East China Sea.  相似文献   

2008年春季中国南方冰雪冻害林木折损分析     

邵全琴  黄麟  刘纪远  匡文慧  李佳 《地理学报(英文版)》2011,21(2):219-234

An abrupt ice and snow storm disaster which occurred in the spring of 2008 se-verely destroyed forests over a surprisingly large portion of southern China.A transect crossing Jinggang Mountain-Jitai Basin-Yushan Mountain-Wuyi Mountain was selected as the study area.The authors integrated field data collected in two field surveys to analyze the impacts of the disturbance on forests.The following results were obtained.(1) The extent of damage to plantations along the transect decreased in the order of slash pine > masson pine > mixed plantation > Chinese fir.Slash pine is an introduced species from southern America which is characterized by fast growth,low wood quality and rich oleoresin,and showed a damage rate of 61.3% of samples,of which 70.4% cannot recover naturally.Masson pine is the native pioneer species of forests with harder wood,and 52.5% were damaged due to turpentine,of which 60.9% cannot recovery naturally.Chinese fir is a local tree species and samples showed a rate of 46% and a relative rate of 32.5%,lower than the mixed plantation.(2) From west to east along the transect,we can see that evergreen broad-leaved forest of the western transect on Jinggang Mountain showed the lightest damage extent,and a Cryp-tomeria plantation at an altitude of 700 m was severely destroyed while Chinese fir showed light damage below 700 m and relatively severe damage above 900 m.Masson pine and slash pine in the central transect in Jitai Basin were damaged severely due to turpentine ac-tivities,and closed natural secondary deciduous broad-leaved forest was damaged severely due to high ice and snow accumulation on intertwined shrubs.Masson pine aerial-seeding plantations below 400 m along the eastern transect in Xingguo and Ningdu counties were nearly undamaged for small tree sizes,and Chinese fir at 500-900 m altitude showed a lighter damage extent.However,masson pine which was distributed above 400 m and planted in the 1960s,was severely damaged due to turpentine.  相似文献   

矩形基坑涌水量计算方法研究     

旷南树  张建军  曹文文 《岩土工程技术》2013,(5):230-233

通过对矩形基坑渗流模型的理论研究及实践分析,以达西定律及裘布依假定为理论依据,推导了潜水完整矩形基坑涌水量的计算方法。并通过工程实例,分析了本文计算方法、大井法、瀑布法适用的基坑涌水量计算类型,认为本文计算方法更适合于长宽比较大时矩形基坑涌水量的计算。  相似文献   

GPS资料同化中一种快速优化算法     

KUANG Zheng  WANG Bin  YANG Hualin 《大气科学进展》2003,20(3):437-441

GPS资料同化最终归结为一个大规模的无约束优化问题。由于问题的维数很高，使得寻找到一种快速且节约存储的优化算法成为GPS资料同化能否满足在业务数值天气预报上的要求的关键。提出了一种新的优化算法。该方法把L-BFGS和HFN两种方法动态的结合起来，同时利用有限差分技术和截去技术，使算法在存储和计算量适合当前设备的前提下，较大的提高了算法的收敛速度。数值试验表明，该方法的计算效率与L-BFGS方法相比有十分明显的改善。  相似文献   

高频红外碳硫分析仪测定地质样品中不同含量的硫   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

况芳城 《福建地质》2013,32(3)

采用铁粉为助燃剂,三氧化钼为基体改进剂,分段建立工作曲线,高频红外碳硫分析仪测定硫,实验基体改进剂的效果,探讨干燥剂及工作曲线的影响.其方法硫的检出限为0.000 47％,实验方法在低硫和高硫的精密度和准确度,并进行不同方法的对比实验.实验结果表明,该方法性能参数良好,能满足地质样品中不同含量硫的分析测试工作的要求.  相似文献   

粤北凡口超大型铅锌矿有机质成矿地球化学特征     

苏晶文  胡凯  李贶 《高校地质学报》2005,11(1):58-66

用有机岩石学、元素分析和饱和烃气相色谱等方法,分析了凡口铅锌矿矿区有机质的有机地球化学特征,对有机质在该铅锌矿成矿地球化学过程中的作用进行了初步探讨。该矿区的主岩富含有机质,有机碳含量为0．03％-0．4％,平均为0．16％,有机碳和金属矿化有同步变化趋势。有机质具有高的演化程度,经换算,镜质体反射率为1．92％-3．55％,且绝大多数高于3．0％。饱和烃气相色谱的特征表明,含矿地段的有机质在成矿热液的作用下发生热裂解和热变质,其裂解产生的甲烷和新生成的干酪根等有机化合物作为还原剂,使硫酸根还原成硫化氢,还原生成的硫化氢进一步与成矿金属离子反应生成金属硫化物沉淀,并最终富集成矿。另外,草莓状黄铁矿的存在,说明了在沉积作用早期,细菌可能直接参与了成矿作用。  相似文献   

臼齿碳酸盐岩成因探讨——以吉林-辽宁地区新元古界为例   总被引：12，自引：5，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

旷红伟  孟祥化  葛铭 《古地理学报》2006,8(1):63-73

臼齿(Molar Tooth)碳酸盐岩问题已经研究了100多年,许多学者都对它的成因提出了不同的假设,但始终未能取得共识。文中作者列举了现有各种臼齿碳酸盐岩的成因假说,指出了这些成因假说中存在的种种问题和矛盾,并提出了臼齿碳酸盐岩生物成因的可能性。从元古代生物演化的规律说明臼齿碳酸盐岩形成、繁盛及衰退的时期与地球上真核生物的出现和繁盛及后生动物出现的界线相一致;从臼齿碳酸盐岩形成的构造背景、气候条件和沉积环境、结构构造特征、化学组成（特别是黄铁矿的形态和SnO2的富集）、碳、氧同位素的分布规律以及生物标志物的多样性等方面提出了臼齿（微亮晶）碳酸盐岩生物成因可能性的证据;还特别指出元古代叠层石的生长和繁盛与臼齿碳酸盐的岩发育呈负相关关系。 同时也阐述了生物成因解释遇到的困难,并指出今后应大力开展臼齿碳酸盐岩形成的沉积环境与岩相,特别是早期成岩作用和相关地球化学特征研究。从元古代古海洋化学性质的变化着手研究将成为揭示臼齿碳酸盐岩成因的根本手段。  相似文献   

成矿元素富集机制的量子地球化学研究——以攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿矿床为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

龚荣洲  於崇文  岑况 《地学前缘》2000,7(1):43-51

攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿矿床为富集钒、钛、铁等过渡元素的典型岩浆矿床。文章运用量子地球化学的理论和方法研究该矿床的元素组合、分配及变化特征 ,并用量子力学理论的abini tioHartree Fock分子轨道法对钛磁铁矿和钛铁矿晶体结构进行了模拟计算。结果表明 :源于地幔的原始岩浆富集成矿元素 ;在其结晶过程中 ,V ,Ti,Fe等成矿元素再次富集于钛磁铁矿和钛铁矿中而形成矿床 ,这种再富集受晶体结构择位能控制。  相似文献   

深拖系统光学图像多金属结核粒径和丰度的计算   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

包更生  申屠海港  金翔龙  旷天亮 《海洋学报》2000,22(5):65-72

针对Simrad深拖系统和上海交通大学与美国DOE联合研制的深拖系统,开发光学图像多金属结核覆盖率、粒径和丰度计算软件.提出了深拖系统光学图像拖体高度校正处理、粒径计算方法,分析了我国太平洋多金属结核矿区东、西区结核丰度与覆盖率和粒径的相关性,建立了深拖系统光学图像多金属结核丰度计算的数学模式.  相似文献