Association between air pollution and chronic diseases among the elderly in China     

Su Liu  Zhijun Yan  Yan Liu  Qiuju Yin  Lini Kuang 《Natural Hazards》2017,89(1):79-91

With the development of Chinese economies, air pollution is becoming more and more serious, which greatly affects the residents’ daily life and health. Meanwhile, China’s aging population is growing rapidly and bringing a number of social problems. We used the data of CHARLS and analyzed the relationships between air pollution and chronic diseases among the elderly in China. The results showed that air pollution had significant adverse effects on the health of the elderly, especially on diabetes and heart diseases. The subgroup analysis showed that female is more sensitive to air pollution than male, while different age groups are significantly sensitive to different chronic diseases.  相似文献   

Origin and Distribution Factors of Sour Gases in Natural Gas Reservoirs in the Amu Darya Right Bank Block,Turkmenistan     

Qi Li  Liang Xu  Dongqin Kuang 《地球科学进展》2017,32(11):1183-1192

Through the analysis of original carbon isotopes in the blocks on the right bank of the Amu Darya River, Turkmenistan, it can be firstly concluded that the carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the sour gas reservoirs belongs to the inorganic-origin gas. The origin of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) in the Amu Darya Right Bank Block is thermochemical sulfate reduction from the detailed analysis of hydrocarbon source rocks data, reservoir characteristics, vitrinite reflectance of organic matter, and sour gas content. Then, the factors affecting the distribution of sour gases in the Amu Darya Right Bank Block were investigated by the analysis of conventional sour gas distribution factors including geological structure, fracture and fault, caprock integrity, sedimentary facies, reservoir types, lithofacies, the source of sulfur and so on. The following basic findings were achieved: ① The basement rift in the study area is conductive to the distribution of CO₂. The caprock integrity contributes to the concentration of CO₂. The gas reservoirs in the biological dike reefs, patch reefs and overthrust zones usually have medium CO₂ content. ② The geological structure and fracture caused the complexity of the distribution of H₂S. The gypsum-salt rock in upper Jurassic-Tithonian is an important sulphur source, and the main hydrocarbon source rocks are also the major sulfur source of H₂S gas reservoirs. Furthermore, the giant gypsum layers in the middle-upper Jurassic Callovian-Oxfordian and the upper Jurassic-Tithonian are conductive to preservation of H₂S, and the small openings and holes in the reservoir is also correlative to the distribution of H₂S. ③ The H₂S in the study area is mostly distributed in the formations with the geothermal temperature of higher than 100 ℃. The open platform deep-water sedimentary facies are harmful to the formation of H₂S. The patch reef and overthrust zones belong to the belts of low H₂S content, however, the biological dike reef zones belong to the belts of medium-high H₂S content. However, the origin and distribution factors of sour gases in natural gas reservoirs were obtained. At the same time, it was pointed out that more necessary and accurately quantitative research is still needed to determine the origin and distribution of acid gases in the Amu Darya Right Bank Block, Turkmenistan.  相似文献   

Singularity-free expression of magnetic field of cuboid under undulating terrain     

Xing-Tao Kuang  Hai Yang  Xiao-Ying Zhu  Wei Li 《应用地球物理》2016,13(2):238-248

Most of the current computing methods used to determine the magnetic field of a uniformly magnetized cuboid assume that the observation point is located in the upper half space without a source. However, such methods may generate analytical singularities for conditions of undulating terrain. Based on basic geomagnetic field theories, in this study an improved magnetic field expression is derived using an integration method of variable substitution, and all singularity problems for the entire space without a source are discussed and solved. This integration process is simpler than that of previous methods, and final integral results with a more uniform form. ΔT at all points in the source-free space can be calculated without requiring coordinate transformation; thus forward modeling is also simplified. Corresponding model tests indicate that the new magnetic field expression is more correct because there is no analytical singularity and can be used with undulating terrain.  相似文献   

Potential promoted productivity and spatial patterns of medium- and low-yield cropland land in China   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Huimin Yan  Yongzan Ji  Jiyuan Liu  Fang Liu  Yunfeng Hu  Wenhui Kuang 《地理学报(英文版)》2016,26(3):259-271

With a continuously increasing population and better food consumption levels, improving the efficiency of arable land use and increasing its productivity have become fundamental strategies to meet the growing food security needs in China. A spatial distribution map of medium- and low-yield cropland is necessary to implement plans for cropland improvement. In this study, we developed a new method to identify high-, medium-, and low-yield cropland from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data at a spatial resolution of 500 m. The method could be used to reflect the regional heterogeneity of cropland productivity because the classification standard was based on the regionalization of cropping systems in China. The results showed that the proportion of high-, medium-, and low-yield cropland in China was 21%, 39%, and 40%, respectively. About 75% of the low-yield cropland was located in hilly and mountainous areas, and about 53% of the high-yield cropland was located in plain areas. The five provinces with the largest area of high-yield cropland were all located in the Huang-Huai-Hai region, and the area amounted to 42% of the national high-yield cropland area. Meanwhile, the proportion of high-yield cropland was lower than 15% in Heilongjiang, Sichuan, and Inner Mongolia, which had the largest area allocated to cropland in China. If all the medium-yield cropland could be improved to the productive level of high-yield cropland and the low-yield cropland could be improved to the level of medium-yield cropland, the total productivity of the land would increase 19% and 24%, respectively.  相似文献   

Strategic transformation of regionalization for the agricultural comprehensive development: The example of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in China     

Wenjiao Shi  Yunfeng Hu  Xiaoli Shi  Zong Wang  Huimin Yan  Ziwei Xu  Bo Ren  Wenhui Kuang  Xinliang Xu  Weiming Cheng  Yan Chen  Dongbo Wu 《地理学报(英文版)》2016,26(12):1675-1688

Strategic transformation of regionalization for agricultural comprehensive development (ACD) was presented by the Ministry of Finance of the People’s Republic of China (MOF) in 2014. The regionalization is the premise and basis of the sustainable development and improved competitiveness for agriculture. Based on the environmental resources related to agriculture, such as cropland, climate, water resources, terrain, geomorphology, patterns of the ACD projects, distribution of ecological planning, etc., we devised 13 indices using the geographic comprehensive regionalization method. The indices took into account a combination of dynamic and static, qualitative and quantitative, as well as agricultural and ecological factors. The strategic transformation of regionalization for the ACD in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China was performed; seven types were included: prioritized regions, prioritized and restricted regions, protected regions, protected and restricted regions, restricted and prioritized regions, restricted and protected regions, and restricted regions. A further 24 subtypes were used based on locations and ecological zones. The regionalization results showed that prioritized regions were mainly in northern Ningxia, the most suitable area for agriculture. The protected and restricted regions were in central and southern Ningxia. In the central part, drought was the limiting factor for agriculture, and water conservation projects there should be supported. The ecological environment is fragile in southern Ningxia, so there is a need for ecologically sound agriculture to be developed in this region. Such regionalization could achieve two goals, namely agricultural conservation and eco-environmental protection. It was performed following the requirement for scientific regionalization to include three types of regions (prioritized regions, protected regions, and restricted regions), and was applied at the township scale in a provincial or autonomous region for the first time. The results provide both guidance for the strategic transformation of the ACD in Ningxia, and a reference for similar work in other provinces.  相似文献   

燕山地区1.6～1.0Ga时期碳酸盐岩碳、氧同位素组成、演化及其地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

旷红伟  李家华  彭楠  罗顺社  岑超 《地学前缘》2009,16(5):118

依据实测的燕山地区(1.6～1.0Ga)高于庄组—景儿峪组114个碳、氧同位素数据,研究、讨论了中、新元古界碳酸盐岩碳、氧同位素组成、演化及其地质意义。研究表明,燕山中、新元古界由下至上的地层序列上,碳、氧同位素表现明显的旋回性演化特征,二者多显正相关关系;δ13C在-3‰～3‰区间低幅、高频振荡;δ18O则表现为-2‰～-8‰的高幅、高频波动;δ13C值的增大与沉积环境由潮间向潮下演变、海平面上升、海水变淡、生物量增多相关;降低的δ13C多代表潮间—潮上环境。高于庄组瘤状灰岩及洪水庄组页岩δ13C为低负值,代表最大海泛期沉积。氧同位素组成和变化指示研究区总体为咸化环境,杨庄组上部和雾迷山组下部古海水盐度最高,之后盐度逐渐降低,至雾迷山组上部又有所升高。研究区与天津蓟县和北京十三陵地区的中、新元古代碳酸盐岩碳、氧同位素组成与演化表现出明显的相似性,反映了它们共同受燕山裂陷槽发育的控制;同时,与北美Belt超群和俄罗斯乌拉尔里菲期碳酸盐岩碳、氧同位素组成、演变的高度协同性,又说明了中、新元古代碳酸盐岩中碳、氧同位素组成、演化响应于全球古海洋背景和地球化学条件。  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地车莫古隆起内物源沉积体系探讨及勘探意义——以白垩系清水河组一段为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

侯连华  王京红  匡立春  况军  张光亚  刘磊 《地学前缘》2009,16(6):337

为了探讨车莫古隆起对内物源沉积体系及油气成藏的控制作用,从车莫古隆起形成与演化入手,利用岩心、地震、测井等资料,多种方法结合恢复其剥蚀量、古地貌,提出车莫古隆起从中侏罗世到早白垩世发育,侏罗世末是其鼎盛时期,并提供内物源,控制围绕车莫古隆起周缘沉积体系和砂体展布,从岩心、地震特征、重矿物稳定系数、古水流指向、砂岩厚度等方面给出存在依据,合理解释了古隆起控制范围内已发现油藏的砂体成因。车莫古隆起发育和潜伏埋藏期控制古油气藏的形成与分布,掀斜后内物源砂体展布、断裂体系和现今构造共同控制着油气调整、运移及次生油气藏的分布,围绕车莫古隆起发育的内物源砂体尖灭方向与现今构造高部位指向垂直和斜交区域是岩性地层油气藏有利区。围绕内物源勘探刚开始,在此认识指导下部署的沙门1、莫17、夏盐11、夏盐12等井已获得突破,腹部岩性地层油气藏勘探将进入一个油气发现新阶段。  相似文献   

钢管桩土钉墙复合支护体系在某基坑工程中的应用     

刘玉华  王立俊  李明胜 《城市地质》2009,4(4):25-27

通过基坑采用的钢管桩＋土钉墙复合支护体系施工应用,介绍其设计思路、计算过程、验算及最终效果,论述了该支护体系在类似施工条件下,具有较大的技术及经济优势。  相似文献   

型钢混凝土边框柱复合墙体抗震性能试验研究     

何明胜  黄炜  石磊 《地震工程与工程振动》2013,33(1):73-81

型钢混凝土边框柱复合墙体具有承载力高、抗震性能好的特点,适用于中高层结构。为研究这种结构形式的抗震性能,本文设计了高宽比为1:1、模型比例为1/2及高宽比分别为2:1与3:1、模型比例为1/3型钢混凝土边框柱密肋复合墙体试件,并进行拟静力试验。根据试验结果,分析了型钢混凝土边框柱密肋复合墙体的受力特点、破坏形态、承载能力、延性、耗能以及变形等抗震性能。分析结果表明:型钢混凝土边框柱的破坏过程与普通密肋复合墙体相似;相同条件下,其承载力、延性及耗能能力都明显好于普通复合墙体;边框柱中加入型钢后,该结构体系的抗震性能得到明显提高;随着高宽比的增加,该结构的承载力减小,但延性、耗能增加,型钢的有利作用更加明显。  相似文献   

基于分层自适应部分模型的遥感图像飞机目标检测     

何楚  张宇  廖紫纤  廖明生 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2013,38(6):656-660

提出一种基于分层自适应部分模型(HAPM,hierarchical adaptive part-based model)的目标检测方法,用于遥感图像的飞机目标检测。针对目前目标检测方法在子类型数目确定、模型多分辨率结构关系方面存在的不足,构造如下算法:首先构建一个扩展的Part-based Model模型;其次,分别从子类型的自适应选择、子类型的多层次建模和检测阶段加权距离变换的形变优化等方面对其进行改进;最后,HAPM算法充分考虑了模型的形变,同时结合多层次的建模思想使得目标的检测精度和算法适用性大大增强。用收集的10大国际机场的真实遥感图像数据进行实验验证,证明了算法的有效性。  相似文献