Routine analysis of sediment pore water of high ionic strength     

Peter Herzsprung  Elke Bozau  Olaf Büttner  Anja Duffek  Kurt Friese  Matthias Koschorreck  Martin Schultze  Wolf v. Tümpling  Katrin Wendt‐Potthoff 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2006,34(6):593-607

Pore water of sediments plays an important role in aquatic systems as mediator and as the reactive zone between the sediment and surface water. Sediment pore waters with high ionic strength from acidified pit lakes were investigated to obtain information about the influence on the lake water quality. The analysis of soluble reactive phosphorus, nitrate, ammonium, silica, dissolved organic carbon, ferrous iron, sulfate, chloride, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, and total dissolved iron was predetermined as the dataset required for evaluation of water quality. The data collection procedure was optimised by designing a methodology for stabilisation, dilution of pore water samples and adaptation of analytical methods. The developed methodology was evaluated with respect to the effort required in the laboratory under routine conditions. In the first round of analyses, 72% of 638 individual analyses from a random selection of pore water profiles were found to be within the calibration ranges. Remedial actions to handle the remaining 28% of invalid analytical results are exemplified. Differences between comparative analyses of some ions by continuous flow analysis, ion chromatography, and atomic emission spectroscopy were evaluated. The majority of results measured by ion chromatography differed on a highly significant level from results measured by atomic emission spectroscopy. Possible reasons, originating from the extreme sample matrix, are discussed. Finally, the designed methodology and the results of the method comparison are used to recommend the selection of analytical methods under specific conditions.  相似文献   

Adsorptive Separation of 1, 2‐Dichloroethane from Model Wastewater by Natural Clinoptilolite     

Kurt Pilchowski  Eva Chmielewsk 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2003,31(3):249-252

The adsorptive separation of 1, 2‐dichloroethane from model wastewater by different Slovak natural and octadecylammonium‐modified clinoptilolites has been studied. It was found that the 1, 2‐dichloroethane will be adsorbed by natural as well as by surfactant‐modified clinoptilolites; all clinoptilolites have a similar adsorption loading. There was also no remarkable difference between the natural and surfactant‐modified clinoptilolites in respect to the adsorption kinetics.  相似文献   

Dependence of horizontal stress magnitude on load dimension in glacial rebound models   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Paul Johnston  Patrick Wu  & Kurt Lambeck 《Geophysical Journal International》1998,132(1):41-60

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Grout-Induced Temperature Rise Surrounding Wells     

Fred J. Molz  Carl E. Kurt 《Ground water》1979,17(3):264-269

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Sweden     

Helmut Goerke  Gerhard Eder  Kurt Weber  Wolfgang Ernst 《Marine pollution bulletin》1979,10(5):127-132

Four invertebrate and one fish species (Cerastoderma edule, Mya arenaria, Arenicola marina, Crangon crangon, Solea solea) from a single area of the German Wadden sea were investigated for concentrations of ten organochlorine pollutants in 1976. PCB concentrations (wet tissue basis) were predominating with 10–200 ng g^?1, while p,p′-DDD, dieldrin, α-HCH, γ-HCH and p,p′-DDE generally ranged between 1 and 10 ng g^?1. Values of α-endosulfan were even lower; p,p′-DDT, endrin and heptachlor epoxide could not be detected. Residue levels in shrimps were close to the lower range of values which have been found in this species from other areas of the North Sea since 1974. The patterns of residue concentrations in the five aquatic species were remarkably different indicating species- and compound-specific bioaccumulation. Trophic level and lipid content were shown to be responsible for PCB concentrations increasing from bivalves to fish.  相似文献   

Effects of organic aerosol constituents on extinction and absorption coefficients and liquid water contents of fogs and clouds     

Kurt Bullrich  Gottfried Hänel 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,116(2-3):293-301

We have speculated on the influence of organic material on extinction and absorption coefficients and liquid water content of fogs and of clouds immediately after their condensational stage. It results therefore, that the reduction of the speed of growth from fog to cloud droplets due to the presence of organic films largely reduces the properties mentioned. Compared to that their increase coming from the surface tension reduction due to organic material being dissolved or building up films is expected to be less effective.  相似文献   

Ergebnisse der Registrierung der Schwefeldioxid-Immission in Wien mit dem Gasspurenanalysator Picoflux     

Ing. Kurt Chalupa 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》1968,16(4):434-441

Zusammenfassung Es wird über die Ergebnisse der SO₂-Immissionsregistrierungen an der Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik in Wien-Hohe Warte im Winter 1967/68 berichtet. Die Tages- und Monatsmittelwerte sowie die Immissionskenngrößen werden mitgeteilt. Ferner wird die Abhängigkeit der gemessenen SO₂-Werte von Windrichtung und Windstärke untersucht.

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Summary The author gives a report on the results of the SO₂ immission recordings which have been effectuated at the Zentralanstalt für Meteorologic und Geodynamik in Vienna (Hohe Warte) during the winter 1967 to 1968. Daily and monthly means are given as well as the immission parametersI ₁ andI ₂. Further, the dependancy of the measured amounts of SO₂ from wind direction and wind speed is discussed.

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Résumé On rapporte ici sur les résultats des enregistrements d'immissions de SO₂ effectués durant l'hiver 1967–1968 à l'Institut central de Météorologie et de Géodynamique à Vienne (Autriche). On communique les moyennes journalières et mensuelles ainsi que les dimensions des immissions. On recherche enfin les relations pouvant exister entre les valeurs mesurées de SO₂ d'une part, les directions et forces du vent d'autre part.

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Mit 2 Abbildungen  相似文献   

Zur Paläogeographie der Glassande in der subalpinen Molasse Südbayerns     

Dr. Kurt Lemcke 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1967,56(1):262-266

Zusammenfassung Die Reinheit der vom Moldanubikum stammenden subalpinen Glassande wird nur verständlich, wenn man fluviatilen Transport bis in unmittelbare Nähe ihres Ablagerungsraumes annimmt. Er erfolgte vermutlich über ein Festland, das sich im höheren Chatt in Ostbayern zwischen der Sedimentation der Chattsande und der der Hangenden Chattmergel herausbildete.

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The Glassande (vitreous sands) in the Subalpine Molasse derived from the Bayrischer Wald (in the NE) without any contamination by Molasse material. This required fluviatile transportation immediately to the site of deposition, which was made possible by temporary regression in upper chattian time.

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Résumé Les Glassande (sables vitrieux) dans la molasse subalpine provenaient du Bayrischer Wald (NE) sans aucune impureté par matériel molassique. Cela rendait nécessaire le transport fluviatile jusqu'au point de dépôt, qui était possible à cause d'une régression temporaire en Chattien Supérieur.

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Glassande . , , .

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Zoned CaAl-rich chondrule in Bali: New evidence against the primordial condensation model     

Gero Kurat  Georg Hoinkes  Kurt Fredriksson 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1975,26(2):140-144

One large (8.5 mm) chondrule in the Bali carbonaceous chondrite is strongly enriched in refractory elements similarily to the white objects in Allende which are widely believed to be “primitive” condensates. However, detailed investigations show the Bali chondrule to have an element distribution opposite to that predicted by the “primitive condensation” models. Refractory elements like Ti and Al are enriched at or near the surface of the chondrule. The contents of some volatile elements, e.g. Na, Si, and Cr, are higher in the central portion. It is suggested that this chondrule - and similar objects in other C-chondrites - originated in one, or more likely several, impact events and that the element distribution is the result of volatilization-condensation.  相似文献   

Surface circulation of the Indian Ocean during the last glacial maximum, approximately 18,000 yr B.P.     

Warren L. Prell  William H. Hutson  Douglas F. Williams  Allan W. H. B  Kurt Geitzenauer  Barbara Molfino 《Quaternary Research》1980,14(3):309-336

A seasonal reconstruction of the Indian Ocean during the last glacial maximum (18,000 yr B.P.) reveals that its surface circulation and sea surface temperature patterns were significantly different from the modern Indian Ocean. This reconstruction is based on the planktonic foraminiferal biogeography and estimated sea surface temperatures in 42 Indian Ocean samples. Compared to modern conditions, the polar front was 5° to 10° latitude further north during the last glacial maximum; the Subtropical Convergence was 2° to 5° latitude further north. The West Australian Current was more intense as part of the West Wind Drift was deflected northward along the coast of Australia. The Agulhas Current was cooler and weaker during the summer and more saline and subtropical during the winter. In general, the low latitudes underwent little temperature change. The western Arabian Sea was warmer which implies less upwelling and a weaker Southwest Monsoon. On the average, the Indian Ocean was 1.9°C cooler in February and 1.7°C cooler in August during the last glacial maximum.  相似文献