Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Cultivar‐Specific Response to O3: Patterns of Biochemical and Plant Growth Characteristics          下载免费PDF全文

Ibrahim A. Hassan  Nigel B. Bell  Mike R. Ashmore  Lorenzo Cotrozzi  Nesreen S. Haiba  Jalal M. Basahi  Ahmad Summan  Talal Almeelbi  Iqbal M. Ismail 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2018,46(6)

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Measurement of simulated drop size distribution with an optical spectro pluviometer: sample size considerations     

Christian Salles  Jean Poesen  Lorenzo Borselli 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1999,24(6):545-556

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A New Inner Heliosphere Proton Parameter Dataset from the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Helios</Emphasis> Mission     

David Stansby  Chadi Salem  Lorenzo Matteini  Timothy Horbury 《Solar physics》2018,293(11):155

In the near future, Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter will provide the first comprehensive in-situ measurements of the solar wind in the inner heliosphere since the Helios mission in the 1970s. We describe a reprocessing of the original Helios ion distribution functions to provide reliable and reproducible data to characterise the proton core population of the solar wind in the inner heliosphere. A systematic fitting of bi-Maxwellian distribution functions was performed to the raw Helios ion distribution function data to extract the proton core number density, velocity, and temperatures parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic field. We present radial trends of these derived proton parameters, forming a benchmark to which new measurements in the inner heliosphere will be compared. The new dataset has been made openly available for other researchers to use, along with the source code used to generate it.  相似文献   

Laboratory measurements of super-resolving Toraldo pupils for radio astronomical applications     

Luca Olmi  Pietro Bolli  Luca Cresci  Francesco D’Agostino  Massimo Migliozzi  Daniela Mugnai  Enzo Natale  Renzo Nesti  Dario Panella  Lorenzo Stefani 《Experimental Astronomy》2017,43(3):285-309

The concept of super-resolution refers to various methods for improving the angular resolution of an optical imaging system beyond the classical diffraction limit. Although several techniques to narrow the central lobe of the illumination Point Spread Function have been developed in optical microscopy, most of these methods cannot be implemented on astronomical telescopes. A possible exception is represented by the variable transmittance filters, also known as “Toraldo Pupils” (TPs) since they were introduced for the first time by G. Toraldo di Francia in 1952 (Toraldo di Francia, Il Nuovo Cimento (Suppl.) 9, 426, 1952). In the microwave range, the first successful laboratory test of TPs was performed in 2003 (Mugnai et al. Phys. Lett. A 311, 77–81, 2003). These first results suggested that TPs could represent a viable approach to achieve super-resolution in Radio Astronomy. We have therefore started a project devoted to a more exhaustive analysis of TPs, in order to assess their potential usefulness to achieve super-resolution on a radio telescope, as well as to determine their drawbacks. In the present work we report on the results of extensive microwave measurements, using TPs with different geometrical shapes, which confirm the correctness of the first experiments in 2003. We have also extended the original investigation to carry out full-wave electromagnetic numerical simulations and also to perform planar scanning of the near-field and transform the results into the far-field.  相似文献   

From cylindrical to non‐cylindrical foreland basin: Pliocene–Pleistocene evolution of the Po Plain–Northern Adriatic basin (Italy)     

Chiara Amadori  Giovanni Toscani  Andrea Di Giulio  Francesco Emanuele Maesano  Chiara D&#x;Ambrogi  Manlio Ghielmi  Roberto Fantoni 《Basin Research》2019,31(5):991-1015

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Capacity and economic efficiency in small-scale fisheries: Evidence from the Mediterranean Sea   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Lorenzo Idda  Fabio A. Madau  Pietro Pulina   《Marine Policy》2009,33(5):860-867

To design an effective capacity management plan for small-scale fisheries one must understand what one is measuring and define its capacity. As recognized by some authors, overcapacity is a problem that generally affects small-scale fisheries just as much as it does other types of fishing. This study aims to estimate fishing capacity, technical efficiency, scale efficiency and capacity utilization in a particular small-scale fishery in the Mediterranean, i.e., the Northwest Sardinian fleet in Italy. A non-parametric approach using a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model was applied to a sample of trawls in order to estimate their economic capacity, and related measurements were taken. The capacity and efficiency with reference to two different alternative scenarios were also calculated.  相似文献   

Assessment of global wave models on regular and unstructured grids using the Unresolved Obstacles Source Term     

Mentaschi  Lorenzo  Vousdoukas  Michalis  Montblanc  Tomas Fernandez  Kakoulaki  Georgia  Voukouvalas  Evangelos  Besio  Giovanni  Salamon  Peter 《Ocean Dynamics》2020,70(11):1475-1483

Ocean Dynamics - The Unresolved Obstacles Source Term (UOST) is a general methodology for parameterizing the dissipative effects of subscale islands, cliffs, and other unresolved features in ocean...  相似文献   

Response time and water origin in a steep nested catchment in the Italian Dolomites          下载免费PDF全文

Daniele Penna  Giulia Zuecco  Stefano Crema  Sebastiano Trevisani  Marco Cavalli  Luisa Pianezzola  Lorenzo Marchi  Marco Borga 《水文研究》2017,31(4):768-782

In this study, we investigate the surface flow time of rise in response to rainfall and snowmelt events at different spatial scales and the main sources originating channel runoff and spring water in a steep nested headwater catchment (Rio Vauz, Italian Dolomites), characterized by a marked elevation gradient. We monitored precipitation at different elevations and measured water stage/streamflow at the outlet of two rocky subcatchments of the same size, representative of the upper part of the catchment dominated by outcropping bedrock, at the outlet of a soil‐mantled and vegetated subcatchment of similar size but different morphology, and at the outlet of the main catchment. Hydrometric data are coupled with stable isotopes and electrical conductivity sampled from different water sources during five years, and used as tracers in end‐member mixing analysis, application of two component mixing models and analysis of the slope of the dual‐isotope regression line. Results reveal that times of rise are slightly shorter for the two rocky subcatchments, particularly for snowmelt and mixed rainfall/snowmelt events, compared to the soil‐mantled catchment and the entire Rio Vauz Catchment. The highly‐variable tracer signature of the different water sources reflects the geomorphological and geological complexity of the study area. The principal end‐members for channel runoff and spring water are identified in rainfall and snowmelt, which are the dominant water sources in the rocky upper part of the study catchment, and soil water and shallow groundwater, which play a relevant role in originating baseflow and spring water in the soil‐mantled and vegetated lower part of the catchment. Particularly, snowmelt contributes up to 64 ± 8% to spring water in the concave upper parts of the catchment and up to 62 ± 11% to channel runoff in the lower part of the catchment. These results offer new experimental evidences on how Dolomitic catchments capture and store rain water and meltwater, releasing it through a complex network of surface and subsurface flow pathways, and allow for the construction of a preliminary conceptual model on water transmission in snowmelt‐dominated catchments featuring marked elevation gradients.  相似文献   

Additive effects of climate change and human hunting explain population decline and extinction in cave bears     

Alessandro Mondanaro  Mirko Di Febbraro  Marina Melchionna  Francesco Carotenuto  Silvia Castiglione  Carmela Serio  Simone Danisi  Lorenzo Rook  Jose Alexandre F. Diniz‐Filho  Pasquale Raia 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2019,48(3):605-615

Cave bears (Ursus spelaeus) are an iconic component of the European late Quaternary Ice Age megafauna. Recent demographic analyses based on cave bear mtDNA sequences and refined radiocarbon dating indicate that cave bear population size and genetic diversity started to decline some 50 kilo years ago (kya). Hence, neither the coldest phase of the last glaciation (started some 24 kya), nor the colonization of Europe by Palaeolithic hunters (started some 45 kya) coincides with the beginning of population decline. Here, we reconstructed cave bear climatic niche evolution through time. Then, we performed spatially explicit population viability analyses to assess cave bear demographics through time in response to climatic changes, human effects on bear survival and their combination. We found that climate change was responsible for a 10‐fold decrease in cave bear population size after 40 kya. However, climate change on its own could not explain U. spelaeus extinction at 24 kya. Additional negative effects consistent with human population expansion are required to explain both U. spelaeus' retreat from eastern Europe since 40 kya and its final extinction.  相似文献   

4DVAR data assimilation in the Intra-Americas Sea with the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

B.S. Powell  H.G. Arango  A.M. Moore  E. Di Lorenzo  R.F. Milliff  D. Foley   《Ocean Modelling》2008,23(3-4):130-145

We present the background, development, and preparation of a state-of-the-art 4D variational (4DVAR) data assimilation system in the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) with an application in the Intra-Americas Sea (IAS). This initial application with a coarse model shows the efficacy of the 4DVAR methodology for use within complex ocean environments, and serves as preparation for deploying an operational, real-time assimilation system onboard the Royal Caribbean Cruise Lines ship Explorer of the Seas. Assimilating satellite sea surface height and temperature observations with in situ data from the ship in 14 day cycles over 2 years from January 2005 through March 2007, reduces the observation-model misfit by over 75%. Using measures of the Loop Current dynamics, we show that the assimilated solution is consistent with observed statistics.  相似文献