The dependence of stream depletion by seasonal pumping on various hydraulic characteristics and engineering factors   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

Elena A. Filimonova  Rostislav S. Shtengelov 《Hydrogeology Journal》2013,21(8):1821-1832

Compensation pumping is used to alleviate deficiencies in streamflow discharge during dry seasons. Short-term groundwater pumping can use aquifer storage instead of catchment-zone water until the drawdown reaches the edge of the stream. The capacitance is a complex, dimensionless parameter of an aquifer system that defines the delayed effect on streamflow when there is groundwater pumping. This parameter is a function of aquifer hydraulic characteristics, pumping time, and distance between the well and stream edge; the latter can involve stream leakance and vertical leakance of an associated aquitard. Three typical hydraulic cases of combined water systems (major catchment-zone wells close to the stream and compensation pumping wells) were classified depending on their capacitance structure (i.e. the relationship between surface water and groundwater): (1) perfect hydraulic connection between the stream and aquifer; (2) imperfect hydraulic connection between the stream and aquifer; and (3) essentially imperfect hydraulic connection between the stream and the underlying confined aquifer. The impact of various hydraulic characteristics and engineering factors on stream depletion was examined by conceptual and numerical modeling. To predict the suitability and efficiency of a combined water system application, regression tests were undertaken on unit stream depletion and capacitance, and power dependencies were defined.  相似文献   

Ionisation Durch Erdsatelliten     

Ludmila Třísková 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1962,6(4):391-399

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Optimum filtration of anomalous gravity fields     

Ludmila Kubáčková 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1970,14(2):177-179

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The Sources of Uncertainty in Forecasting Caspian Sea Level and Estimating the Inundation Risk of Coastal Areas     

M. V. Bolgov  M. K. Filimonova 《Water Resources》2005,32(6):605-610

Stochastic variations in the climate and hydrological regime, both natural and anthropogenic, are the main cause of uncertainty in long-term hydrological forecasts and hence increase the estimated risk of economic activity in the coastal zone of internal seas. Some sources of uncertainty, which appear during the hydrological analysis, are considered with the purpose to assess this risk. Digital relief models were used to determine the morphological characteristics (as functions of the sea level) and assess their contribution to variations in the level regime. To take into account the sample uncertainty in the parameter estimates of stochastic models of the “impellent” processes, it is proposed to use the existing methodology of probabilistic-deterministic prediction of water level variations in a closed water body in combination with the Bayesian approach.  相似文献   

Some aspects of the problem of geochemical methods of prospecting for concealed mineralization     

F.K. Shipulin  A.D. Genkin  V.V. Distler  P.V. Komarov  E.P. Malinovskii  N.A. Ozerova  A.I. Perel&#x;man  V.I. Rekharskii  Yu.A. Rozanov  L.G. Filimonova  V.F. Chernyshev  M.M. Elinson 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1973,2(3):193-235

This paper describes a number of different geochemical approaches to the search for concealed ore deposits.The first approach discussed is a broad one that relates mineralization to the types of rock that may occur in a region. Attention is focussed on hydrothermal deposits and their association with specific types of igneous rocks and their differentiation trends.A second considers the control of the structure and physico-chemical properties of the host rocks on the localization of ore bodies. A number of factors, such as effective and total porosity and the brittleness of rocks also plays an important role in determining the nature and extent of dispersion haloes of the elements around ore deposits.In some instances it is possible to predict the presence of ore bodies at depth from the type of composition of metasomatized rocks that occur at the surface.The use of mercury and fluorine in the search for concealed deposits has been given detailed consideration. Methods based on fluorine may be effective in the discovery of skarn, greisen, hydrothermal and rare metal deposits. When using the fluorine content of waters from a taiga-permafrost terrain, it is important to consider the effect of the organic content of the water.In searching for Cu-Ni deposits of the Noril'sk type it is suggested that intrusive complexes characterized by high degrees of differentiation and containing picritic and taxitic facies enriched in Mg, Ni and Co and depleted in alkalis are the most prospective. Ore deposits of this type may have dispersion haloes of Ag, Bi, Zn and Pb which are associated with ore-controlling faults. Magnesian and calcareous skarns, feldspathic and serpentine-chlorite-prehnite rocks may form broad contact haloes with ore-bearing intrusions.The use of gases in prospecting for Cu-Mo deposits in Central Kazakhstan have been investigated with positive results. Gas surveys carried out in conjunction with geophysical methods makes it possible to distinguish zones of Cu-Mo mineralization from zones containing pyrite and carbonaceous material, all of which give similar geophysical responses.The occurrences of uranium in aquifers on the flanks of artesian basins within arid regions is used as an example of the use of geochemical zonation in prospecting. The same approach may be used in prospecting for copper-bearing sandstones.  相似文献   

The nature and cause of polarization anomalies of surface waves crossing northern and central Eurasia   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Anatoli L. Levshin  Michael H. Ritzwoller  Ludmila I. Ratnikova 《Geophysical Journal International》1994,117(3):577-590

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Neoproterozoic ‘anomalous’ kimberlites of Guaniamo, Venezuela: Mica kimberlites of ‘isotopic transitional’ type     

Felix V. Kaminsky  Sergei M. Sablukov  Ludmila I. Sablukova  Dominic M.DeR. Channer 《Lithos》2004,76(1-4):565-590

In Venezuela, kimberlites have so far only been found in the Guaniamo region, where they occur as high diamond grade sheets in massive to steeply foliated Paleoproterozoic granitoid rocks. The emplacement age of the Guaniamo kimberlites is 712±6 Ma, i.e., Neoproterozoic. The Guaniamo kimberlites contain a high abundance of mantle minerals, with greater than 30% olivine macrocrysts. The principal kimberlite indicator minerals found are pyrope garnet and chromian spinel, with the overwhelming majority of the garnets being of the peridotite association. Chrome-diopside is rare, and picroilmenite is uncommon. Chemically, the Guaniamo kimberlites are characterized by high MgO contents, with low Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ contents and higher than average FeO and K₂O contents. These rocks have above average Ni, Cr, Co, Th, Nb, Ta, Sr and LREE concentrations and very low P, Y and, particularly, Zr and Hf contents. The Nb/Zr ratio is very distinctive and is similar to that of the Aries, Australia kimberlite. The Guaniamo kimberlites are similar in petrography, mineralogy and mantle mineral content to ilmenite-free Group 2 mica kimberlites of South Africa. The Nd-Sr isotopic characteristics of Guaniamo kimberlites are distinct from both kimberlite Group 1 and Group 2, being more similar to transitional type kimberlites, and in particular to diamondiferous kimberlites of the Arkhangelsk Diamond Province, Russia. The Guaniamo kimberlites form part of a compositional spectrum between other standard kimberlite reference groups. They formed from metasomatised subcontinental lithospheric mantle and it is likely that subduction of oceanic crust was the source of this metasomatised material, and also of the eclogitic component, which is dominant in Guaniamo diamonds.  相似文献   

Application of Atomic Spectrometric Methods Coupled with Gas Chromatography for Geochemical Exploration     

Nataliya Safronova  Galina Mazo  Galina Korobeinik  Elena Shepeleva  Ludmila Zhiltsova 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2004,28(2):291-304

This paper presents a scheme of analysis for bottom sediments based on inductively coupled plasma-atomic fluorescence spectrometry and arc discharge atomic emission spectrometry combined with instrumental pyrolysis and gas chromatographic methods (head space analysis) for determining organic matter. The experimental investigation was performed on bottom sediments of the Kuybyshev and Ivankovo reservoirs on the Volga River, used as a drinking water supply. The selective sample dissolution method followed by the inductively coupled plasma-atomic fluorescence spectrometry liquid phase analysis and the arc discharge atomic emission spectrometry solid phase analysis was used to obtain quantitative information on heavy metal speciation in bottom sediments. In the present work we have taken the direct extraction scheme for analysis. It is shown that the proposed combination of instrumental methods is highly effective for revealing natural and anthropogenic components in the composition of organic matter, for conducting preliminary estimation of the binding of heavy metals with organic matter and for assessing activity of organic matter biochemical transformation. The proposed approach enlarges the capabilities for prediction and modelling of the processes in environmental-geochemical investigations.  相似文献   

Mathematical model of the spectral decomposition of periodic and non-periodic geophysical stationary random signals     

Ludmila Kubáčková  Reviewer M. Burda 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1977,21(1):1-10

Summary A model is discussed for the spectral decomposition of stationary periodic and non-periodic functions, suitable for studying various geophysical signals. The properties of the individual components of the random spectrum of the periodic stationary random function was shown in the geometry of Hilbert space of random quantities, and these were used to construct the periodic continuation of the random stationary function, given in a finite interval.  相似文献   

On vortex flow structures in the outer heliosphere     

Ludmila Třísková  Pavel Šroubek  Igor S. Veselovskij 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1992,36(1):57-59

Summary The vortex flow pattern in the outer heliosphere is calculated on the basis of hydrodynamical equations. Quantitative solution in cylindrical coordinates is used. Moving vortices may be formed due to the heliolatitudinal solar wind velocity dependence and nonstationary boundary conditions near the Sun. The flow pattern consists of a system of cyclones and anticyclones.  相似文献