Quantification of the risk associated with high levels of mercury pollution at Temirtau, Kazakhstan     

Huiwen HSIAO Susanne M. Ullrich Trevor W. Tanton 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):233-233

This research aims to establish the risks of hurnan exposure to modeling approach. The study site was located on the River Nura 1990s, an acetaldehyde production plant located in the industrial high environmental mercury levels, based on a quantitative risk in central Kazakhstan. From the 1950s until its closure in the mid city of Temirtau released mercury-containing wastewater into the river. River sediments are highly contaminated with mercury up to a distance of 25 km and beyond. In addition, a local power station released an estimated 6 million tonnes of fly-ash into the water and the mercury has become quite tightly associated with the ash deposits. River water, fish and agricultural land in the floodplain are also contaminated with mercury, yet the risks posed to the local population have not been evaluated to date. In June and July 2005, we took samples of soil, interior and exterior dust, drinking water, and food from individual households, communal areas and markets. Additionally, water and sediment samples and fish were taken from the river. Interviews were conducted with householders to establish their age and body weight, general living conditions and sources of irrigation and drinking water. A food frequency questionnaire （FFQ） was designed to investigate the frequencies of consumption of several common regional food items, including fish from the fiver and/or local market. Human hair samples were also collected to estimate the mercury bioburden and to enable the validity of the modeling approach to be established. The paper expands on the main pathways of contamination and looks at linkages between exposure pathways and mercury concentrations found in human hair. Uncertainties inherent in risk analysis as well as their influence on the relative importance of different exposure routes are also discussed.  相似文献   

Changes to cadmium associations in canal sediments on drying and oxidation     

Samantha R. Cook John M. Chamock Andrew Parker 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):247-247

The mainly 19th Century canal system in the UK, largely managed by British Waterways, has been increasingly brought back into operation over the last few decades, and is now widely used for both leisure, and, increasingly, transport. Both initial and routine dredging of the canal sediment is carried out and these sediments are generally disposed of to land. Because many of the canals were connected with primary industries, their sediments can locally be significantly contaminated with heavy metals, and the behaviour of these metals under differing redox conditions, when introduced into a new environment （i.e., on land） is of importance for environmental risk-assessment purposes. Canal sediments are often rich in sulfidic mineral phases, and we have attempted to quantify the influence of these sulfidic phases on the release and retention of metals in dredged canal sediments, using a combination of traditional chemical techniques （e.g. sequential extraction） and X-ray absorption spectroscopy （XAS）. Sediment samples have been collected from urban fresh-water canals, one in the British Midlands and one in Northern France. It appears from XAS that Cd is largely associated with oxygen in air-dried sediment, and with sulphur in vacuum-dried sediment.  相似文献   

The chromite deposits associated with ophiolite complexes, Southeastern Desert, Egypt： Petrological and geochemical characteristics and mineralization     

Gehad M. Saleh 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(4):307-317

1 Introduction The association of massive Fe-Ni-Cu sulfides andchromite is a very unusual feature of podiformchromitites occurring in mantle tectonites of ophioliticcomplexes. It has only been described in theSoutheastern Desert, Egypt, where sulfides a…  相似文献   

中国辽宁早白垩世华夏翼龙（翼龙目：翼手龙亚目）一新种及古神翼龙科的系统分类     

吕君昌  金幸生  D.  M.  UNWIN  赵丽君  东洋一  季强 《地质学报》2006,80(6):791

根据中国辽西早白垩世九佛堂组一几乎完整头骨及头后骨骼建立古神翼龙类一新种：具冠华夏翼龙。具冠华夏翼龙以前上颌骨上具有一斧状矩形突起为特征，该突起的短轴垂直于前上颌骨的前边缘，除了该突起之外，其他的头骨特征比如鼻眶前孔的前边缘和前上颌骨的前边缘之间的吻部宽度均与季氏华夏翼龙的相似。华夏翼龙和中国的另一个古神翼龙类中国翼龙与古神翼龙共享有一些独特的头骨特征，并且这3个属看起来彼此之间的关系要比与其他神龙类密切的多。中国的古神翼龙（中国翼龙和华夏翼龙）具有相对长的头骨和弱的头骨嵴，而且似乎要比头骨短高和具有大的头骨嵴的古神翼龙原始。Tupuxuarids（Tupuxuara和Thalassodromeus）经常和古神翼龙类被放在古神翼龙科中，  相似文献   

美国地质调查局激光雷达应用新进展     

Queija V R  Stoker J M  Kosovich J J  梁欣廉 《测绘文摘》2005,(4)

随着激光雷达(Light detection and ranging,Lidar)技术的成熟,美国地质调查局(U.S.Geo-logical Survey,USGS)在这个方向开展了许多应用研究。科学家们正在发展表达、使用高分辨率Lidar数据的新型技术;同时,为方便公众获取相应信息,数据及提取信息的发布手段也在研究之中。以下通过几个实例做一简要介绍。1典型研究1.1数据分发建立国家地图集(National Map)的一个目标是向公众发布基础数字地理信息。该地图集的高程部分是通过USGS地球观测系统(EROS)数据中心的国家高程数据集(National ElevationDataset,NED)维护的。NED提供3种…  相似文献   

青藏高原东缘龙门山晚新生代剥蚀厚度与弹性挠曲模拟   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

李勇  ALDENSMORE  周荣军  MA  ELLIS 《地质学报》2005,79(5):608-615

龙门山是青藏高原东缘边界山脉,具有青藏高原地貌、龙门山高山地貌和山前冲积平原三个一级地貌单元。利用数字高程模式图像和裂变径迹年代测定方法研究和计算龙门山晚新生代剥蚀厚度与剥蚀速率,结果表明:3.6 Ma以来龙门山的剥蚀厚度介于1.91-2.16 km之间,剥蚀速率介于0.53-0.60 mm/a之间。在此基础上,开展了该地区岩石圈的弹性挠曲模拟,结果表明龙门山的隆升机制具有以构造缩短隆升和剥蚀卸载隆升相叠合的特点。3.6 Ma之前,龙门山的隆升与逆冲推覆构造负载有关,以构造缩短驱动的构造隆升为特色;3.6 Ma之后,龙门山的隆升与剥蚀卸载驱动的抬升有关,并以剥蚀卸载隆升为特色,进而提出了龙门山晚新生代以来的隆升机制以剥蚀成山作用为主的认识。  相似文献   

新疆博格达南缘后碰撞期陆内裂谷和水下滑塌构造   总被引：13，自引：10，他引：13  

舒良树  朱文斌王博　M. Faure　J. Charvet　D. Cluzel 《岩石学报》2005,21(1):25-36

本文较为系统地研究了哈密市七角井-车轱辘泉和乌鲁木齐市白杨沟地区晚古生代后碰撞期陆内裂谷和滑塌构造的几何学、岩石学和地球化学特征。研究表明,在博格达山南缘的七角井-车轱辘泉一带,玄武岩和流纹岩彼此互层产出,构成厚度较大的后碰撞期双峰式火山岩系,呈近东西方向平行造山带展布,堆积在早二叠世红色磨拉石之上;在白杨沟一带,后碰撞水下滑塌堆积岩与火山岩共存,构成一个厚1300m的滑塌构造剖面,由水下滑塌堆积岩夹双峰式火山岩带、枕状熔岩-气孔状玄武岩带和硅质、泥砂质岩带所组成。其底部以北东走向的拆离断层和晚石炭世灰岩、砂岩岩层接触。在岩石地球化学特征上,火山岩的SiO2含量在53%-67%之间出现间断,呈现双峰式火山岩的特点。其中,流纹岩SiO2平均71.65%,CaO2.15%,Na2O与K2O含量相近(3.2%-3.7%),含碱量>含钙量,ANKC值>1.1;轻稀土富集、稀土总量高,铕亏损,具明显Eu负异常。与之共生的玄武岩则以富硅贫碱为特征,SiO2平均51.05%,TiO2含量变化较大,轻稀土轻度富集,铕异常不明显,属拉斑系列玄武岩类。其特征和东非阿法尔裂谷的双峰式火山岩相近,反映陆内裂谷环境。对滑塌堆积岩带中的辉绿玢岩作锆石U-Pb测年,获289±5Ma年龄值,相当于二叠纪初期。从晚二迭叠世开始,全区处于相对稳定的剥蚀-堆积环境中,形成了厚度较大的磨拉石,并逐渐演化为三叠纪的准平原化环境。  相似文献   

新疆塔里木托云盆地沉积环境与聚煤规律     

李翡  叶兰 《中国煤田地质》2005,17(2):8-10

以1：5万地质填图和钻探验证为基础，经分析研究塔里木托云盆地的地层特征、聚煤期、古地理环境，从而建立起该区的沉积模式，总结出该盆地煤层发育于下侏罗统康苏组上段地层之中，含煤11层，煤层为不稳定发育，但分布具有一定的规律可寻，对进一步找煤具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

适应我国经济社会发展需要调整战略性矿产资源勘查部署     

叶天竺 《国土资源通讯》2005,(5):53-56

矿产资源的获取,包括勘查、开发两个阶段,勘查是开发的前期工作,没有矿产勘查则矿产开发是盲目的,必然成为无源之水、无木之本.因此,矿产勘查在国民经济建设中具有基础性、前瞻性、长期性的作用.……  相似文献   

高压旋喷复合地基在灰岩地区高层建筑地基基础中的应用     

叶永红  陈国新 《广东地质》2002,17(2):54-58

现代建筑工程中的高层、超高层建筑的基础类型，大部分采用桩基础。对于灰岩地区，由于工程地质条件较差，存在大量的土洞、软土层、溶洞、节理、裂隙等不良地质现象，往往极大地影响着桩基础的设计与施工。花都区人民医院新门诊大楼采用高压旋喷复合地基加箱型基础，克服了灰岩地区的各种不良地质现象的影响，增加了基础施工的安全性。实践证明，高压旋喷桩复合地基在灰岩地区高层建筑地基基础中的应用具有推广价值。  相似文献