Exploring CO pollution episodes observed at Rishiri Island by chemical weather simulations and AIRS satellite measurements: long-range transport of burning plumes and implications for emissions inventories     

By HIROSHI TANIMOTO  KEIICHI SATO  TIM BUTLER  MARK G. LAWRENCE  JENNY A. FISHER  MONIKA KOPACZ  ROBERT M. YANTOSCA  YUGO KANAYA  SHUNGO KATO  TOMOAKI OKUDA  SHIGERU TANAKA  JIYE ZENG 《Tellus. Series B, Chemical and physical meteorology》2009,61(2):394-407

The summer of 2003 was an active forest fire season in Siberia. Several events of elevated carbon monoxide (CO) were observed at Rishiri Island in northern Japan during an intensive field campaign in September 2003. A simulation with a global chemistry-transport model is able to reproduce the general features of the baseline levels and variability in the observed CO, and a source attribution for CO in the model suggests that the contribution from North Asia dominated, accounting for approximately 50% on average, with contributions of 7% from North America and 8% from Europe and 30% from oxidation of hydrocarbons. With consideration of recent emission estimates for East Asian fossil fuel and Siberian biomass burning sources, the model captures the timing and magnitude of the CO enhancements in two pollution episodes well (17 and 24 September). However, it significantly underestimates the amplitude during another episode (11–13 September), requiring additional CO emissions for this event. Daily satellite images from AIRS reveal CO plumes transported from western Siberia toward northern Japan. These results suggest that CO emissions from biomass burning in western Siberia in 2003 are likely underestimated in the inventory and further highlight large uncertainties in estimating trace gas emissions from boreal fires.  相似文献   

A review of geochemical background concepts and an example using data from Poland   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Agnieszka Gałuszka 《Environmental Geology》2007,52(5):861-870

One of the most crucial issues of recent environmental sciences is the topic of background concentrations of elements and organic compounds in various abiotic and biotic systems. The relationship between natural and anthropogenically altered concentrations of chemical species is a question that involves many implications in the geosciences, environmental and biological sciences, toxicology, and other related disciplines. This is especially important when interpreting geochemical and biogeochemical anomalies of toxic elements and/or organic compounds in various media. To better understand the potential impact of hazardous substances in the environment, we must become more familiar with their spatial and temporal distribution and with their behavior under different physico-chemical and biotic conditions. This review presents an assessment of the geochemical background concept as used by various authors. Different assumptions and approaches to this topic are presented, including direct, statistical, and integrated methods. Based on the results derived from geochemical and biogeochemical studies performed in selected forest ecosystems of Poland, an integrated method is presented. As a consequence of data processing, a normal distribution of data points was obtained using an iterative 2σ-technique. This method of estimating geochemical background is feasible and can be used for setting environmental quality standards or for studying the impact of anthropogenic pollution sources on the environment.  相似文献   

Medieval Macrospace Through GIS: The Norse World Project Approach     

Alexandra Petrulevich  Agnieszka Backman  Jonathan Adams 《The Cartographic journal》2020,57(1):18-27

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Rapid migration of heavy metals and <Superscript>137</Superscript>Cs in alluvial sediments,Upper Odra River valley,Poland     

Dariusz Ciszewski  Agnieszka Czajka  Sylwia Błażej 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(7):1577-1586

The studies presented explore post-depositional changes of zinc, cadmium, lead, manganese and ¹³⁷Cs distribution in alluvial sediments accumulated in the upper Odra River valley in southern Poland. The rate of these changes was estimated by comparing metal and ¹³⁷Cs distributions in four vertical alluvial profiles with a history of river pollution and sediment deposition. The untypical ¹³⁷Cs distribution with peaks in the surface 40–60 cm and lower down, even at a depth of 2.5 m in strata deposited before the beginning of nuclear tests in 1954, indicates rapid post-depositional migration of this isotope from the surface and its retention in lower, less permeable layers. Moreover, the highest concentrations of lead, zinc and cadmium were found at a depth of 4 m in sediments accumulated in the mid-nineteenth century in spite of the growth of industrialization and the pollution of the Odra River with heavy metals until the end of the twentieth century. The post-depositional changes in heavy metals and ¹³⁷Cs are rapid in comparison with the slow element migration usually observed in uninundated soils. This difference is explained by the frequent and easy infiltration of polluted river water into the gravelly and sandy sediments present in the profiles.  相似文献   

Proton microprobe for chemical dating of monazite   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Monika Agnieszka Kusiak  Janusz Lekki 《Gondwana Research》2008,14(4):617

Although quantitative chemical analysis by proton microprobe has become an established technique, it has been rarely applied to problems in the earth sciences. The method, having lower detection limit (better than 10 ppm for U, Th and Pb) and higher spatial resolution than electron microprobe (typically 1 μm vs 3 μm), can be successfully used in geology. Here, we present a procedure for the chemical dating of monazite, (REE)PO₄, by proton microprobe. The procedure is compared with electron probe microanalysis technique (EPMA).  相似文献   

Contrasting ages between isotopic chronometers in granulites: monazite dating and metamorphism in the Higo Complex, Japan   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

D.J. Dunkley  K. Suzuki  T. Hokada  M.A. Kusiak   《Gondwana Research》2008,14(4):624

The Higo Complex of west-central Kyushu, western Japan is a 25 km long body of metasedimentary and metabasic lithologies that increase in metamorphic grade from schist in the north to migmatitic granulite in the south, where granitoids are emplaced along the southern margin. The timing of granulite metamorphism has been extensively investigated and debated. Previously published Sm–Nd mineral isochrons for garnet-bearing metapelite yielded ca.220–280 Ma ages, suggesting high-grade equilibration older than the lower grade schist to the north, which yielded ca.180 Ma K–Ar muscovite ages. Ion and electron microprobe analyses on zircon have yielded detrital grains with rim ages of ca.250 Ma and ca.110 Ma. Electron microprobe ages from monazite and xenotime are consistently 110–130 Ma. Two models have been proposed: 1) high-grade metamorphism and tectonism at ca.115 Ma, with older ages attributed to inheritance; and 2) high-grade metamorphism at ca.250 Ma, with resetting of isotopic systems by contact metamorphism at ca.105 Ma during the intrusion of granodiorite. These models are evaluated through petrographic investigation and electron microprobe Th–U–total Pb dating of monazite in metapelitic migmatites and associated lithologies. In-situ investigation of monazite reveals growth and dissolution features associated with prograde and retrograde stages of progressive metamorphism and deformation. Monazite Th–U–Pb isochrons from metapelite, diatexite and late-deformational felsic dykes consistently yield ca.110–120 Ma ages. Earlier and later stages of monazite growth cannot be temporally resolved. The preservation of petrogenetic relationships, coupled with the low diffusion rate of Pb at < 900 °C in monazite, is strong evidence for timing high-temperature metamorphism and deformation at ca.115 Ma. Older ages from a variety of chronometers are attributed to isotopic disequilibrium between mineral phases and the preservation of inherited and detrital age components. Tentative support is given to tectonic models that correlate the Higo terrane with exotic terranes between the Inner and Outer tectonic Zones of southwest Japan, possibly derived from the active continental margin of the South China Block. These terranes were dismembered and translated northeastwards by transcurrent shearing and faulting from the beginning to the end of the Cretaceous Period.  相似文献   

Dynamics of carbon dioxide concentration in indoor air   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Andrzej Szczurek  Monika Maciejewska  Rafał Połoczański  Marek Teuerle  Agnieszka Wyłomańska 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2015,29(8):2193-2199

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Surface sediments pollution due to shipwreck s/s “Stuttgart”: a multidisciplinary approach     

Justyna Rogowska  Błażej Kudłak  Stefan Tsakovski  Agnieszka Gałuszka  Gabriela Bajger-Nowak  Vasil Simeonov  Piotr Konieczka  Lidia Wolska  Jacek Namieśnik 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2015,29(7):1797-1807

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Metallic Pb nanospheres in ultra-high temperature metamorphosed zircon from southern India     

Whitehouse  M. J.  Kusiak  M. A.  Wirth  R.  Ravindra Kumar  G. R. 《Mineralogy and Petrology》2017,111(4):467-474

Mineralogy and Petrology - A transmission electron microscope (TEM) study of Paleoproterozoic zircon that has experienced ultra-high temperature (UHT) metamorphism at ca. 570&nbsp;Ma in the...  相似文献   

Deposition fluxes of chemical components of fog water at a rural site in north-east India   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

MONIKA J. KULSHRESTHA  R. SEKAR  D. KRISHNA  A. K. HAZARIKA  N. C. DEY  P. G. RAO 《Tellus. Series B, Chemical and physical meteorology》2005,57(5):436-439

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