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111.
Bryan M. Gaensler Maura McLaughlin Stephen Reynolds Kazik Borkowski Nanda Rea Andrea Possenti Gianluca Israel Marta Burgay Fernando Camilo Shami Chatterjee Michael Kramer Andrew Lyne Ingrid Stairs 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,308(1-4):95-99
“Rotating RAdio Transients” (RRATs) are a newly discovered astronomical phenomenon, characterised by occasional brief radio
bursts, with average intervals between bursts ranging from minutes to hours. The burst spacings allow identification of periodicities,
which fall in the range 0.4 to 7 seconds. The RRATs thus seem to be rotating neutron stars, albeit with properties very different
from the rest of the population. We here present the serendipitous detection with the Chandra X-ray Observatory of a bright point-like X-ray source coincident with one of the RRATs. We discuss the temporal and spectral properties of
this X-ray emission, consider counterparts in other wavebands, and interpret these results in the context of possible explanations
for the RRAT population.
B.M.G. acknowledges the support of NASA through LTSA grant NAG5-13023 and of an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship. 相似文献
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113.
In this study, a hydrometeorological dataset of unglaciated High Arctic catchment is presented. The time series encompasses air temperature, precipitation, wind speed, relative humidity, and runoff data from 2014 to 2019. Meteorological data come from continuous meteorological monitoring carried out at the Hornsund station located in SW Spitsbergen. Flow in the Fuglebekken stream was measured using a portable flowmeter Nivus PCM-F with Active Doppler sensor. Continuous hydrometeorological monitoring in polar environments is crucial for the understanding processes controlling the water circulation in the catchments. Inter- and intra- annual variability of the provided variables gives an insight into river functioning. The data set is provided in an open-access PANGAEA repository (https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.921921), in three time intervals (6, 12, and 24 hours). It may serve as the input to rainfall-runoff hydrological models, and allows multi-model parameter estimation and validation. It can be used in a variety of research topics, including streamflow projections, and more generally in examining Arctic ecosystems and climate change impact studies. 相似文献
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117.
Marta Volonteri 《Astronomy and Astrophysics Review》2010,18(3):279-315
Evidence shows that massive black holes reside in most local galaxies. Studies have also established a number of relations between the MBH mass and properties of the host galaxy such as bulge mass and velocity dispersion. These results suggest that central MBHs, while much less massive than the host (~0.1%), are linked to the evolution of galactic structure. In hierarchical cosmologies, a single big galaxy today can be traced back to the stage when it was split up in hundreds of smaller components. Did MBH seeds form with the same efficiency in small proto-galaxies, or did their formation had to await the buildup of substantial galaxies with deeper potential wells? I briefly review here some of the physical processes that are conducive to the evolution of the massive black hole population. I will discuss black hole formation processes for ‘seed’ black holes that are likely to place at early cosmic epochs, and possible observational tests of these scenarios. 相似文献
118.
Almeida CM Mucha AP Delgado MF Caçador MI Bordalo AA Vasconcelos MT 《Marine environmental research》2008,66(3):311-318
The presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may change the mechanisms of metal uptake, thus influencing kinetics and extent of metal phytoextraction. Studies on the subject are scarce, particularly for salt marsh plants. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of PAHs on the uptake of Cu by Halimione portulacoides, a plant commonly found in salt marshes. Experiments were carried out in the laboratory, either in hydroponics (sediment elutriate) or in sediment soaked in elutriate, which were prepared with sediment and water from a salt marsh of the Cavado river estuary (NW Portugal). Groups of H. portulacoides (grown in a greenhouse) were exposed to those media during six days. Cu(2+) (as Cu(NO(3))(2)), 10(2) and 10(4)mugl(-1), was added to the media as well as 1.6mugl(-1) of the sixteen EPA priority PAHs (0.1mugl(-1) of each PAHs). Cu was assayed in solutions, sediments and different plant tissues before and after experiments. After exposure, photosynthetic efficiency and levels of chlorophylls were also measured, indicating that plant stress indicators were identical in all plants independently of the media to which the plants were exposed. PAHs influenced both the soluble Cu fraction and Cu uptake by plants. The amounts of metal accumulated in both roots and stems were significantly higher when the 10(4)mugl(-1) of Cu enriched elutriate was amended with PAHs. Thus, results suggest that PAHs may modify Cu solubility, the Cu sorption by plants and/or the passive penetration of Cu into the root cells. Therefore, the combined effects of different types of pollutants should be taken in consideration when studying the remediation potential of plants, namely in terms of phytoextraction. 相似文献
119.
The present paper is concerned with determining the effect of thickness variation on collapse pressure of seamless pipes. There exists extensive information on the effects external pressure has on pipelines. A substantial amount of literature deals with results of analysis, numerical modelling and testing of pipes those are gradually subject to external pressure. This knowledge has been incorporated into standards which are intended for designing linepipe operating in deepwater locations. One such example is the DNV-OS-101 (DNV, 2007) Submarine Pipeline Systems standard. This code only addresses pipes with a nominally uniform wall thickness making it inadequate for designing seamless pipe which is prone to thickness variation arising from the manufacturing process. The DNV (2007) code effectively ignores the problem as it simply provides a vague statement regarding a conservative value of wall thickness that should be used in the design calculations.The present paper uses finite element analysis (FAE) modelling to predict the external pressure acting on the pipes. The present paper explains the manner in which FEA models will be used to study the effect wall thickness variation will have on the pressure at which the pipe will collapse. An improvement to the DNV (2007) code is then suggested by interpreting the results of the FEA models. The case study that follows provides insight on the savings the improved method is projected to offer. 相似文献
120.
Martin C. Smith Gregory R. Ruchti Amina Helmi Rosemary F. G. Wyse J. P. Fulbright K. C. Freeman J. F. Navarro G. M. Seabroke M. Steinmetz M. Williams O. Bienaymé J. Binney J. Bland-Hawthorn W. Dehnen B. K. Gibson G. Gilmore E. K. Grebel U. Munari Q. A. Parker R.-D. Scholz A. Siebert F. G. Watson T. Zwitter 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2007,379(2):755-772