全文获取类型
收费全文 | 194篇 |
免费 | 13篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 7篇 |
大气科学 | 19篇 |
地球物理 | 45篇 |
地质学 | 69篇 |
海洋学 | 13篇 |
天文学 | 39篇 |
自然地理 | 18篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 9篇 |
2018年 | 6篇 |
2017年 | 9篇 |
2016年 | 15篇 |
2015年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 10篇 |
2013年 | 6篇 |
2012年 | 11篇 |
2011年 | 19篇 |
2010年 | 8篇 |
2009年 | 32篇 |
2008年 | 14篇 |
2007年 | 8篇 |
2006年 | 8篇 |
2005年 | 3篇 |
2004年 | 3篇 |
2003年 | 5篇 |
2002年 | 8篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有210条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Denis Jouglet François Poulet Yves Langevin Jean-Pierre Bibring Brigitte Gondet Mathieu Vincendon Michel Berthe 《Planetary and Space Science》2009,57(8-9):1032-1042
The Observatoire pour la Minéralogie, l’Eau, les Glaces et l’Activité (OMEGA) instrument is a visible and near-infrared imaging spectrometer on board the European Mars Express (MEx) mission. The on-board calibration (OBC) performed at the beginning of observations on each orbit reveals that the photometric response of the C channel (1.0–2.5 μm) has been very stable since orbit insertion in January 2004. On the contrary the L channel (2.5–5.1 μm) response has varied significantly during the mission, and only orbits for which the response is close to nominal could be used with confidence. The spatial coverage of ice-free surfaces in this wavelength range is consequently limited to only ~30%, mainly during northern spring and summer. This paper presents the empirical method used to derive new instrumental transfer functions (ITF) for the non-nominal orbits. This method consists of analyzing the variation of the signal between several observations of a same region acquired at nominal and non-nominal calibration states. In the cases where the mineralogy and the atmospheric conditions between the two observations are the same, the variation in reflectance spectra is only due to the ITF variation, which provides a new ITF. We then associate these new ITFs with their corresponding OBCs to model a relationship between both. The resulting model enables us to provide a new ITF for each orbit for which the OBC is available. The new ITFs derived for the entire dataset have been validated (1) through a comparison of the C and L channel global albedo trends and (2) through a comparison of the surface temperatures derived from the L channel with those calculated from the General Circulation Model (GCM) numerical simulation of the LMD released in the Martian Climate Database. The non-nominal data processed with adapted ITFs for orbits up to 3050 increase the non-icy surface coverage of Mars to ~70% including all seasons. 相似文献
52.
Nicolas Taburet Nabila Aghanim Marian Douspis Mathieu Langer 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,392(3):1153-1158
We examine the biases induced on cosmological parameters when the presence of secondary anisotropies is not taken into account in cosmic microwave background analyses. We first develop an exact analytical expression for computing the biases on parameters when any additive signal is neglected in the analysis. We then apply it in the context of the forthcoming Planck experiment. For illustration, we investigate the effect of the sole residual thermal Sunyaev–Zel'dovich signal that remains after cluster extraction. We find, in particular, that analyses neglecting the presence of this contribution introduce on the cosmological parameters n s and τ biases, at least ∼6.5 and 2.9 times their 1σ confidence intervals. The Ωb parameter is also biased to a lesser extent. 相似文献
53.
Edgar L Andreas James B. Edson Edward C. Monahan Mathieu P. Rouault Stuart D. Smith 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1995,72(1-2):3-52
The part that sea spray plays in the air-sea transfer of heat and moisture has been a controversial question for the last two decades. With general circulation models (GCMs) suggesting that perturbations in the Earth's surface heat budget of only a few W m–2 can initiate major climatic variations, it is crucial that we identify and quantify all the terms in that heat budget. Thus, here we review recent work on how sea spray contributes to the sea surface heat and moisture budgets. In the presence of spray, the near-surface atmosphere is characterized by a droplet evaporation layer (DEL) with a height that scales with the significant-wave amplitude. The majority of spray transfer processes occur within this layer. As a result, the DEL is cooler and more moist than the atmospheric surface layer would be under identical conditions but without the spray. Also, because the spray in the DEL provides elevated sources and sinks for heat and moisture, the vertical heat fluxes are no longer constant with height. We use Eulerian and Lagrangian models and a simple analytical model to study the processes important in spray droplet dispersion and evaporation within this DEL. These models all point to the conclusion that, in high winds (above about 15 m/s), sea spray begins to contribute significantly to the air-sea fluxes of heat and moisture. For example, we estimate that, in a 20-m/s wind, with an air temperature of 20°C, a sea surface temperature of 22°C, and a relative humidity of 80%, the latent and sensible heat fluxes resulting from the spray alone will have magnitudes of order 150 and 15 W/m2, respectively, in the DEL. Finally, we speculate on what fraction of these fluxes rise out of the DEL and, thus, become available to the entire marine boundary layer. 相似文献
54.
P. Thierry C. Chatillon-Colinet J. C. Mathieu J. R. Regnard J. Amossé 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1981,7(1):43-46
A high temperature calorimetric solution method involving the use of a sodium and lithium metaborate (NaBO2+LiBO2) molten bath at 1,180 K, has been developed in order to measure the enthalpy of formation of the forsterite-fayalite (Mg2SiO4-Fe2SiO4) system. The samples used for these measurements have been obtained by synthesis. They have been carefully controlled by chemical and X-ray analysis and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The results obtained for forsterite and fayalite agree closely with the data commonly found in the literature. Owing to the uncertainty of the experimental results, it is not possible to determine conclusively whether an enthalpy of mixing exists in this system. 相似文献
55.
Jack Dymond Richard Cobler Louis Gordon Pierre Biscaye Guy Mathieu 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1983,64(3):417-429
Hydrothermal waters collected by “Alvin” from the Galapagos Spreading Center are enriched in222Rn by factors of 50–200 over bottom waters. The226Ra in the same samples, however, is enriched by less than a factor of four over bottom waters. Enrichments of222Rn result primarily from α-recoil from rock surfaces while226Ra enrichments are dominantly produced by high-temperature alteration of cooling ridge volcanics. The abundances of both nuclides exhibit positive correlations with temperature. The data extrapolate to bottom water temperatures and compositions, demonstrating the importance of seawater mixing. Different vents, however, have different mixing lines, and vents with high222Rn have low226Ra. We propose these patterns result from variations in the extent of low-temperature crustal interaction with the hydrothermal fluids. Low-temperature crustal waters can maintain high steady state222Rn contents due to the α-recoil additions to the fluids. The226Ra, however, is strongly adsorbed at low-temperatures resulting in low concentrations of this nuclide in low-temperature crustal waters. Thus, physical mixing of a crustal water component with hydrothermal waters or variable crustal path lengths of the hydrothermal fluids can account for the variable mixing lines and222Rn/226Ra values of the hot springs.The222Rn/226Ra value appears to be a sensitive indicator of low-temperature crustal interaction. Values > 100 have experienced extensive crustal interaction and are indicative of diffuse hydrothermal flow. Values between 1 and 10 are indicative of primary hydrothermal fluids which have not experienced significant interaction with the crust. Values of222Rn/226Ra between 103 and 104 are indicative of interaction of the hydrothermal fluids with sediments. Such values are observed in water samples from the Galapagos hydrothermal mounds. 相似文献
56.
57.
58.
Jacques Mathieu Fabrice Jeannerod Frédéric Hervant Thomas C. Kane 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1997,59(1):39-47
Electrophoretic variation in proteins encoded by seven presumptive gene loci was analyzed in four populations of the stygobiont amphipodNiphargus rhenorhodanensis. The four populations occur in different habitats, including one in drainage canals, another from sediments of the Ain River, a tributary of the Rhône River, and the remaining two occur in a karstic massif (Dorvan, Ain, France) in the epikarstic and at the base level of the massif, respectively. Six of the seven loci were polymorphic within or among populations, with as many as three electromorphs segregating at the most variable loci. Significant deficiencies in the frequency of heterozygotes were common. Genetic divergence between the two populations of the Dorvan Massif and between the two of the Ain River (forest and sediment habitats) was large. This was highly unexpected, particularly in the case of the two hydrologically connected populations of the Dorvan Massif. It is suggested that either low migration rates or the presence of ecological barriers to gene flow may result in strong genetic differention among local populations ofNiphargus. 相似文献
59.
Wallace S. Broecker Rik Wanninkhof Guy Mathieu Tsung-Hung Peng Scott Stine Steve Robinson Andy Herczeg Minze Stuiver 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1988,88(1-2)
Since 1957 the 14C/C ratio of the dissolved inorganic carbon in Mono Lake has risen by about 60‰. The magnitude of this increase is about four times larger than that expected from the invasion of bomb-produced14C from the atmosphere. We have eliminated the following explanations: (1) measurement error, (2) an unusually high physical exchange rate for non-reactive gases, (3) inorganic enhancement of the CO2 exchange rate, and (4) biological enhancement of the CO2 exchange rate. Clandestine disposal of waste radiocarbon remains a dark-horse explanation.In the course of our investigations we have uncovered evidence for at least one episodic input of radiocarbon-free carbon to the lake over the last 1000 years. We speculate that this injection was related to a hydrothermal event resulting from sublacustrine volcanic activity. 相似文献
60.
Mathieu Schuster Philippe Duringer Jean‐Francois Ghienne Patrick Vignaud Alain Beauvilain Hassan Taisso Mackaye Michel Brunet 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2003,28(10):1059-1069
This paper reports on a study dealing with the rhyolitic inselbergs of Hadjer el Khamis that formed palaeoislands during Lake Mega‐Chad events. Field observations have shown that: (1) conglomeratic patches of immature to mature clasts are preserved at the feet of the Hadjer el Khamis inselbergs; (2) in cross‐section, their pro?le reveals a well de?ned cliff–platform junction at a constant elevation (325 m). The monolithological clasts show all degrees of roundness, from angular cobbles to well rounded pebbles. This wide range of maturity suggests a coastal origin for these cobbles. The system was permanently fed with angular clasts, which were progressively worn by waves. Cobbles that were wave‐worked for the longest time are the best rounded. The cliff–platform junction is the result of erosion by waves, which attacked and undercut the inselberg cliffs during Lake Mega‐Chad events. Asymmetrical erosion pro?les moreover suggest a wind regime dominated by SW to NE oriented winds. These interpretations have two implications. The elevation of the cliff–platform junction is an indication of the highest water level of Lake Mega‐Chad at 320–325 m, which is in agreement with other observations elsewhere in the basin. The SW to NE oriented winds show that monsoon‐related winds were prevalent during Lake Mega‐Chad events, suggesting the Inter‐Tropical Convergence Zone was located higher in latitude than today. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献