Re-testing the JET-X Flight Module No. 2 at the PANTER facility     

Daniele Spiga  Gianpiero Tagliaferri  Paolo Soffitta  Oberto Citterio  Stefano Basso  Ronaldo Bellazzini  Alessandro Brez  Wolfgang Burkert  Vadim Burwitz  Enrico Costa  Luca de Ruvo  Ettore Del Monte  Sergio Fabiani  Gisela Hartner  Benedikt Menz  Massimo Minuti  Fabio Muleri  Giovanni Pareschi  Michele Pinchera  Alda Rubini  Carmelo Sgrò  Gloria Spandre 《Experimental Astronomy》2014,37(1):37-53

The Joint European X-ray Telescope (JET-X) was the core instrument of the Russian Spectrum-X- γ space observatory. It consisted of two identical soft X-ray (0.3–10 keV) telescopes with focusing optical modules having a measured angular resolution of nearly 15 arcsec. Soon after the payload completion, the mission was cancelled and the two optical flight modules (FM) were brought to the Brera Astronomical Observatory where they had been manufactured. After 16 years of storage, we have utilized the JET-X FM2 to test at the PANTER X-ray facility a prototype of a novel X-ray polarimetric telescope, using a Gas Pixel Detector (GPD) with polarimetric capabilities in the focal plane of the FM2. The GPD was developed by a collaboration between INFN-Pisa and INAF-IAPS. In the first phase of the test campaign, we have re-tested the FM2 at PANTER to have an up-to-date characterization in terms of angular resolution and effective area, while in the second part of the test the GPD has been placed in the focal plane of the FM2. In this paper we report the results of the tests of the sole FM2, using an unpolarized X-ray source, comparing the results with the calibration done in 1996.  相似文献   

Adaptive spatial binning of integral-field spectroscopic data using Voronoi tessellations     

Michele Cappellari †  Yannick Copin 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,342(2):345-354

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Stellar kinematics and populations of early-type galaxies with the SAURON and OASIS integral-field spectrographs     

Richard M. McDermid  Roland Bacon  Harald Kuntschner  Eric Emsellem  Kristen L. Shapiro  Martin Bureau  Michele Cappellari  Roger L. Davies  Jesús Falcn-Barroso  Davor Krajnovi&#x;  Reynier F. Peletier  Marc Sarzi  Tim de Zeeuw 《New Astronomy Reviews》2006,49(10-12):521

We summarise the results and achievements of integral-field spectroscopy of early-type galaxies, observed as part of a survey using both the SAURON and OASIS spectrographs. From the perspective of integral-field spectroscopy, these otherwise smooth and featureless objects show a wealth of structure, both in their stellar kinematics and populations. We focus on the stellar content, and examine properties on both kiloparsec scales with SAURON, and scales of 100’s of parsecs with OASIS. These complementary studies reveal two types of kinematically distinct components (KDCs), differing primarily in their intrinsic sizes. In previous studies, KDCs and their host galaxies have generally been found to be unremarkable in other aspects. We show that large KDCs, typical of the well-studied cases, indeed show little or no age differences with their host galaxy. The KDCs detected with the higher spatial-resolution of OASIS are intrinsically smaller and include, in contrast, a significant fraction of young stars. We speculate on the relationship between KDCs and their host galaxies, and the implications for young populations in early-type galaxies.  相似文献   

The SAURON project – VI. Line strength maps of 48 elliptical and lenticular galaxies     

Harald Kuntschner  Eric Emsellem  R. Bacon  M. Bureau  Michele Cappellari  Roger L. Davies  P. T. de Zeeuw  Jesús Falcón-Barroso  Davor Krajnovi&#;  Richard M. McDermid  Reynier F. Peletier  Marc Sarzi 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,369(2):497-528

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Relaxation and free modes of a self-gravitating planet     

Michele Caputo 《Geophysical Journal International》1984,77(3):789-808

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The western Durkan Complex (Makran Accretionary Prism,SE Iran): A Late Cretaceous tectonically disrupted seamounts chain and its role in controlling deformation style     

Edoardo Barbero  Luca Pandolfi  Morteza Delavari  Asghar Dolati  Emilio Saccani  Rita Catanzariti  Valeria Luciani  Marco Chiari  Michele Marroni 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(3):101106

The Durkan Complex is a key tectonic element of the Makran accretionary prism (SE Iran) and it has been interpreted as representing a continental margin succession. We present here a multidisciplinary study of the western Durkan Complex, which is based on new geological, stratigraphic, biostratigraphic data, as well as geochemical data of the volcanic and meta-volcanic rocks forming this complex. Our data show that this complex consists of distinct tectonic slices showing both non-metamorphic and very low-grade metamorphic deformed successions. Stratigraphic and biostratigraphic data allow us to recognize three types of successions. Type-I is composed by a Coniacian – early Campanian pelagic succession with intercalation of pillow lavas and minor volcaniclastic rocks. Type-II succession includes a volcanic sequence passing to a volcano-sedimentary sequence with Cenomanian pelagic limestones, followed by a hemipelagic sequence. This succession is characterized by abundant mass-transport deposits. Type-III succession includes volcanic and volcano-sedimentary sequences, which are stratigraphically covered by a Cenomanian platform succession. The latter is locally followed by a hemipelagic sequence. The volcanic rocks in the different successions show alkaline geochemical affinity, suggesting an origin from an oceanic within-plate setting. Our new results indicate that the western Durkan Complex represents fragments of seamounts tectonically incorporated in the Makran accretionary wedge during the latest Late Cretaceous–Paleocene. We propose that incorporation of seamounts in the frontal prism caused a shortening of the whole convergent margin and possibly contributed to controlling the deformation style in the Makran Accretionary Wedge during Late Cretaceous–Paleocene times.  相似文献   

Comparison of statistical methods and multi-time validation for the determination of the shallow landslide rainfall thresholds     

Yuri Galanti  Michele Barsanti  Andrea Cevasco  Giacomo D’Amato Avanzi  Roberto Giannecchini 《Landslides》2018,15(5):937-952

Shallow landslides are unforeseeable phenomena often resulting in critical conditions in terms of people’s safety and damage. The main purpose of this paper is the comparison of different statistical methods used to determine the rainfall thresholds for the shallow landslide occurrence. Rainfall data over a 46-year period were collected for one rain gauge located in a test area of northwest Italy (Riviera Spezzina; RS). In the RS, intense rainfalls often induce shallow landslides causing damage and sometimes casualties. The rainfall events occurred in the 1967–2006 period were classified as events inducing shallow landslides (SLEs_1967–2006) and events that did not trigger shallow landslides (NSLEs_1967–2006). Thresholds for various percentiles of SLEs_1967–2006 were computed by identifying the lower limit above which shallow landslides occurred. Another set of thresholds, corresponding to different probabilities of occurrence, was determined using SLEs_1967–2006 and NSLEs_1967–2006. The least-squares linear fit (LSF) and the quantile regression (QR) techniques were employed in the former approach, while the logistic regression (LR) was applied in the latter. The thresholds were validated with the same data used for their definition and with the data recorded in the 2008–2014 period. Contingency tables were created and contingencies and skill scores were computed. The 10% probability threshold obtained using the LR method is characterized by the best values of at least two skill scores for both periods considered; therefore, it may be considered the “best” threshold for the RS. The results of this work can help the choice of the best statistical method to determine the shallow landslide rainfall thresholds.  相似文献   

LARAM School 2018: the doctoral school on “LAndslide Risk Assessment and Mitigation”     

Leonardo Cascini  Michele Calvello  Sabatino Cuomo 《Landslides》2018,15(7):1445-1447

The international school for PhD students and young doctors on “LAndslide Risk Assessment and Mitigation” (LARAM) is presented and, specifically, information is provided about the next edition of the doctoral school that will held in Italy, at the University of Salerno, on September 3–14, 2018. The LARAM School is managed by the Geotechnical Engineering Group (GEG) of the University of Salerno, which recently became an Associate member of the International Consortium on Landslides (ICL). The 2018 edition of the LARAM School is organised as an ICL/IPL activity.  相似文献   

Geometry and kinematics of the Roisan-Cignana Shear Zone,and the orogenic evolution of the Dent Blanche Tectonic System (Western Alps)     

Paola Manzotti  Michele Zucali  Michel Ballèvre  Martin Robyr  Martin Engi 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2014,107(1):23-47

The Dent Blanche Tectonic System (DBTS) is a composite thrust sheet derived from the previously thinned passive Adriatic continental margin. A kilometric high-strain zone, the Roisan-Cignana Shear Zone (RCSZ) defines the major tectonic boundary within the DBTS and separates it into two subunits, the Dent Blanche s.s. nappe to the northwest and the Mont Mary nappe to the southeast. Within this shear zone, tectonic slices of Mesozoic and pre-Alpine meta-sediments became amalgamated with continental basement rocks of the Adriatic margin. The occurrence of high pressure assemblages along the contact between these tectonic slices indicates that the amalgamation occurred prior to or during the subduction process, at an early stage of the Alpine orogenic cycle. Detailed mapping, petrographic and structural analysis show that the Roisan-Cignana Shear Zone results from several superimposed Alpine structural and metamorphic stages. Subduction of the continental fragments is recorded by blueschist-facies deformation, whereas the Alpine collision is reflected by a greenschist facies overprint associated with the development of large-scale open folds. The post-nappe evolution comprises the development of low-angle brittle faults, followed by large-scale folding (Vanzone phase) and finally brittle extensional faults. The RCSZ shows that fragments of continental crust had been torn off the passive continental margin prior to continental collision, thus recording the entire history of the orogenic cycle. The role of preceding Permo-Triassic lithospheric thinning, Jurassic rifting, and ablative subduction processes in controlling the removal of crustal fragments from the reactivated passive continental margin is discussed. Results of this study constrain the temporal sequence of the tectono-metamorphic processes involved in the assembly of the DBTS, but they also show limits on the interpretation. In particular it remains difficult to judge to what extent pre-collisional rifting at the Adriatic continental margin preconditioned the efficiency of convergent processes, i.e. accretion, subduction, and orogenic exhumation.  相似文献   

Theoretical study of the local charge compensation and spectroscopic properties of B-type carbonate defects in apatite     

Haohao Yi  Etienne Balan  Christel Gervais  Loïc Ségalen  Marc Blanchard  Michele Lazzeri 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2014,41(5):347-359

The structure and spectroscopic properties of selected models of B-type carbonate defects in apatite locally compensated by fluoride or hydroxyl ions are investigated using first-principles quantum mechanical calculations. Theoretical infrared absorption spectra and ¹³C, and ¹⁹F nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts are determined. Among the investigated models, only the clumped (CO₃ ^2?, F^?) defect, with the carbonate group close to the sloping face of the tetrahedral site and the F^? ion at the remaining apex, corresponds to previous experimental observations performed on carbonate-fluorapatite samples. Although the substitution of hydroxyl by fluoride ions is commonly observed in minerals, the clumped (CO₃ ^2?, OH^?) defects are unlikely to occur in apatite, considering both their theoretical spectroscopic properties and relative stability. Anionic F^? for OH^? exchange between channel and B sites displays a preference of ~20 kJ/mol for the local charge compensation by fluoride ions at the B-site, pointing to a significantly different behavior of F^? and OH^? ions in the charge compensation mechanism. This difference is ascribed to the poor H-bond acceptor character of available oxygen atoms surrounding the apex of the tetrahedral site. The explicit calculation of the infrared absorption spectra of the defect models is also used to interpret the significant difference observed in the linewidth of the ν₂ and ν₃ CO₃ infrared powder absorption bands of carbonated apatite samples. It is shown that for a concentration of 4.4 wt% of CO₂, long-range electrostatic effects already significantly contribute to the broadening of the ν₃ CO₃ bands in apatite.  相似文献