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21.
Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The influence of tropical cyclones on the thunderstorm activity on the Kamchatka peninsula for winter thunderstorms in the 2008–2018 period is studied. The...  相似文献   
22.
Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth - Abstract—Based on the generalized frequency–magnitude relation for earthquakes, the failure cycle parameters are estimated from regional seismic...  相似文献   
23.
Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - Winter thunderstorms in Kamchatka are a rare meteorological phenomenon. Temporal variations of the quasi-static electric field and meteorological values at the Paratunka...  相似文献   
24.
The problems of studying river mouth areas and their parts, namely, estuaries and deltas are discussed. The step is taken to combine the concept of river mouth area and mouth processes developed in our country with the concept for estuary and estuarine processes widely spread among foreign scientists. In this connection, the article offers new definitions of a river mouth area and estuary as well as new schemes of regionalization of river mouth areas and typification of estuaries. The types of river mouth areas and estuaries are illustrated by case studies.  相似文献   
25.
Processes of interaction between river flow, tides, and storm surges in the Thames Estuary are discussed. The main regularities in water dynamics during tides and surges are revealed. Specific changed in characteristics of tides and surges along the estuary are established. Mention is made of the significant longterm increase in the ranges of tides and surges during the XX century. The history of floods caused by storm surges in the Thames Estuary and in the area of London is described. Hydraulic engineering measures for flood control in the area of London are discussed.  相似文献   
26.
The possibility of applying the global positioning system (GPS) data for calculating the corrections for variations in the sea level to the results of a gravity survey and for improving the accuracy of marine gravity measurements is discussed.  相似文献   
27.
Retrieving earthquake signature in grace gravity solutions   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
The GRACE satellites have been orbiting the Earth since 2002, monitoring the time variable gravity field. Some of the observed fluctuations are due to geodynamic causes, but they are often hidden in the complex signal, composed of hydrology, ocean, atmosphere, and geodynamics, the signal of geodynamic origin being usually the smallest. In addition, dealiasing residuals and noise make the separation of the signal from the different causes more difficult. We proposed a method based on the Empirical Orthogonal Function decomposition to extract the signal of physical origin, under the hypothesis that the physical signal is spatially more consistent than the noise and aliasing incomplete correction. We used synthetic geoid variations associated with earthquakes located at nearly 2000 positions at the Earth surface, based on several examples of large actual subduction events. We show that, with the present day accuracy, we can retrieve the geoid variations associated with more than 98 per cent of the earthquakes of magnitude 9 or above, around 60 per cent for magnitude 8.8, 40 per cent for magnitude 8.6 and 33 per cent for magnitude 8.3. Some events, with the right properties and location, can be detected with magnitude as low as 8. We then applied the method to the GRACE solutions, and retrieved the Hokkaido event (2003) and the Sumatra event (2004), which is in agreement with the retrieval rates mentioned here above.  相似文献   
28.
The problem of assessment of sea level rise impact on the hydrological regime and morphological structure of river deltas is discussed. Studies of the response of river deltas, which are among the most vulnerable natural objects, to the sea level rise has become urgent because of the global climate warming and the associated acceleration of the World Ocean level rise. Methods are described that can be used for the analysis, calculation, and prediction of sea level rise impact on submergence of deltas, propagation of backwater from the sea tides, surges, and salt seawater intrusion. Special emphasis is given to channel processes in delta branches, which accompany sea level rise, as well as to delta coastline erosion and flow redistribution among branches. In the course of research, due consideration was taken of the experience gained in studying the response of river deltas on the Caspian Sea coasts to the recent considerable level rise in this water body.  相似文献   
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30.
We describe a new differential analyzer implementing a technique for studying the hygroscopic properties of filter-precipitated aerosol particles based on a katharometric measurement of the amount of water vapor absorbed by an aerosol sample. The instrument has been tested on particles of sodium chloride and ammonium sulphate. A comparison of our data with the results of analogous measurements described in literature shows that the suggested technique has several important advantages, i.e., (1) higher sensitivity, which allows the measurement of particles of no more than 0.1 mg in mass; (2) a wide range of relative humidity variations (up to 99% at an accuracy of 0.06% RH at the upper-range value); (3) the absence of intermediate measurement steps connected with the need to account for water absorption by elements of a measurement system; and (4) the absence of restrictions to the size and shape of particles studied. In addition, the measurement technique rules out the possibility of errors caused by the kinetic effects of mass transport in the aerosol-water vapor system.  相似文献   
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