Value of information analysis in rock engineering: a case study of a tunnel project in Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory     

Miriam S. Zetterlund  Tommy Norberg  Lars O. Ericsson  Jenny Norrman  Lars Rosén 《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2015,9(1):9-24

Geoengineering prognoses are often based on data from a limited number of investigations of soil and rock mass. There is generally a desire to reduce the uncertainty in the prognoses while minimising the investigation costs. Value of Information Analysis (VOIA) is a support for decisions regarding investigation strategies and the aim of this paper is to present methodology for VOIA that takes into account four decision alternatives where the input data could be provided by experts. The methodology will be applied in a case study where the value of information related to an investigation borehole will be calculated. The results indicate that the value of information of the borehole is low compared with the realisation costs of the investigation. It was found that models for VOIA in underground construction projects are complex but that the analysis can be simplified with extensive use of expert knowledge and calculations of the value of perfect information as a benchmark for investigation strategies.  相似文献   

Processing Symplectic Methods for Near-Integrable Hamiltonian Systems     

S. Blanes  F. Casas  J. Ros 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2000,77(1):17-36

Processing techniques are used to approximate the exact flow of near-integrable Hamiltonian systems depending on a small perturbation parameter. We study the reduction of the number of conditions for the kernel for this type of Hamiltonians and we build third, fourth and fifth order methods which are shown to be more efficient than previous algorithms for the same class of problems. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Clam Transplantation and Stress-Related Biomarkers as Useful Tools for Assessing Water Quality in Coastal Environments   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

C. Nasci  L. Da Ros  G. Campesan  E. S. Van Vleet  M. Salizzato  L. Sperni  B. Pavoni 《Marine pollution bulletin》1999,39(1-12):255-260

In this study, the Active BioMonitoring (ABM) approach has been investigated using species of indigenous (from a pristine site) and transplanted (to a polluted area) hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria as an indicator organism of water/sediment pollution in Tampa Bay, Florida, a highly urbanized and industrialized subtropical estuary. A range of possible induced stress indices was selected and used on the basis of potential pollutant toxicity mechanisms including specific enzymatic responses (MFO as BPH and NADPH cytochrome c reductase, antioxidant enzymes as SOD and caltalase, PDH) and general cellular damage (lysosomal latency, histopathological lesions). The organic sediment contamination compared to the animal body burden revealed bioaccumulation activity in transplanted clams. The marked increases of BPH and catalase activities, together with the significant reduction of lysosomal membrane stability in transplanted animals, suggested their potential for application as biomarkers in subtropical coastal pollution monitoring.  相似文献   

Overseas market development: a strategy for Australian renewable energy industries     

Xiaojiang Yu  Ros Taplin  Alistair Gilmour 《The Australian geographer》1997,28(2):159-171

In this paper, we look at the relationship between the development of domestic and overseas markets for Australian renewable energy. It is argued that encouraging the promotion of Australian renewable energy technology in overseas markets could be a practical strategy for developing the Australian renewable energy industry. Also, it is reasoned, Australian foreign aid and trade organisations could play an important role in assisting the Australian renewable energy industry via overseas market research, technology transfer, and human resource and institutional development programs. We suggest that further research and development cooperation between Australian renewable energy companies and research institutes would be beneficial, especially in exploring potential overseas markets. We also recommend that joint ventures between renewable energy industry partners in Australia and developing countries be used to promote growth in Australian renewable energy exports and, ultimately, in developing Australia's renewable energy industries.  相似文献   

Isotopic evidence on the diagenetic evolution of coastal sabkha reservoirs from the Solimões Basin, northern Brazil     

Andreia Dias Elias  Luiz Fernando De Ros  Ana Maria Mizusaki  Koji Kawashita 《Gondwana Research》2007,11(4):553-567

The isotopic composition of diagenetic carbonates, sulfates, illites and associated diagenetic constituents of the Carboniferous Juruá sandstones, Solimões Basin, largest hydrocarbon reservoirs of northern Brazil, was analyzed in conjunction with petrographic characterization and chemical composition. Eolian Juruá sandstones, deposited in a coastal sabkha of a wide cratonic sag, are the best reservoirs, but diagenetic processes introduced strong and complex heterogeneities, which affect hydrocarbon production. Dolomite and anhydrite cementation, together with compaction, exerts the main control on the quality of the reservoirs. Early dolomite cements precipitated under strong evaporation, while late dolomites are related to thermal decarboxylation. Late anhydrite cements are related to the interbedded evaporites and possibly to the oxidation of dissolved sulfide. Authigenic illite K–Ar ages are related to the voluminous Triassic basic magmatism (around 200 Ma), and to the Jurassic–Cretaceous tectonism (around 150 Ma), which may have also affected the late anhydrite and dolomite–ankerite cementation. This isotopic study revealed the major conditions of the diagenetic processes that strongly affected the Juruá reservoirs, which are essential for the development of models that will optimize the production, as well as decrease the risks in the exploration for new Juruá reservoirs.  相似文献   

Thermodynamic properties of dyscrasite (Ag3Sb) at isostatic pressures 4000–8000 bar     

E. Osadchii  D. Boström  S. Lunin  E. Rosén 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1998,25(4):288-291

The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the possibility of application of high-pressure equipment in combination with the solid state EMF technique. The equilibrium reaction 3?Ag+Sb?Ag₃Sb was chosen for the studies. The experiments were carried out under argon gas pressure and the majority of data points were measured in the pressure range 4000–8000?bar at temperatures 550–725?K. The solid electrolyte consisted of AgI. Reproducible results were obtained along seven isotherms and one isobar at 7100?bar. The molar volume change for the reaction studied was calculated and compared with corresponding literature data at one bar.  相似文献   

High Precision Astrometry with VLBI     

E. Ros  J.M. Marcaide  J.C. Guirado  M.A. Pérez-Torres 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1998,263(1-4):319-322

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International co‐operation on climate change and Australia's role     

Ros Taplin 《The Australian geographer》1995,26(1):16-22

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Calcretes and travertines from the Palaeocene Itaboraí Basin as evidence of the early evolution of the Southeastern Brazil Continental Rift     

Paula Braga Adler  Luiz Fernando De Ros  Ktia Leite Mansur  Andr Luiz Ferrari  Luiz Alberto Fernandes  Alcides Nbrega Sial 《Sedimentology》2021,68(1):477-511

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Independent measurement of biogenic silica in sediments by FTIR spectroscopy and PLS regression     

Carsten Meyer-Jacob  Hendrik Vogel  Florian Boxberg  Peter Rosén  Michael E. Weber  Richard Bindler 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2014,52(3):245-255

We present an independent calibration model for the determination of biogenic silica (BSi) in sediments, developed from analysis of synthetic sediment mixtures and application of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIRS) and partial least squares regression (PLSR) modeling. In contrast to current FTIRS applications for quantifying BSi, this new calibration is independent from conventional wet-chemical techniques and their associated measurement uncertainties. This approach also removes the need for developing internal calibrations between the two methods for individual sediments records. For the independent calibration, we produced six series of different synthetic sediment mixtures using two purified diatom extracts, with one extract mixed with quartz sand, calcite, 60/40 quartz/calcite and two different natural sediments, and a second extract mixed with one of the natural sediments. A total of 306 samples—51 samples per series—yielded BSi contents ranging from 0 to 100 %. The resulting PLSR calibration model between the FTIR spectral information and the defined BSi concentration of the synthetic sediment mixtures exhibits a strong cross-validated correlation ( \( {\text{R}}^{ 2}_{\text{cv}} \)  = 0.97) and a low root-mean square error of cross-validation (RMSECV = 4.7 %). Application of the independent calibration to natural lacustrine and marine sediments yields robust BSi reconstructions. At present, the synthetic mixtures do not include the variation in organic matter that occurs in natural samples, which may explain the somewhat lower prediction accuracy of the calibration model for organic-rich samples.  相似文献