Groundwater and surface-water utilisation using a bank infiltration technique in Malaysia   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Mohd Khairul Nizar Shamsuddin  Wan Nor Azmin Sulaiman  Saim Suratman  Mohamad Pauzi Zakaria  Kamarudin Samuding 《Hydrogeology Journal》2014,22(3):543-564

Bank infiltration (BI) is one of the solutions to providing raw water for public supply in tropical countries. This study in Malaysia explores the use of BI to supplement a polluted surface-water resource with groundwater. Three major factors were investigated: (1) contribution of surface water through BI to the resulting abstraction, (2) input of local groundwater, and (3) water-quality characteristics of the resulting water supply. A geophysical method was employed to define the subsurface geology and hydrogeology, and isotope techniques were performed to identify the source of groundwater recharge and the interaction between surface water and groundwater. The physicochemical and microbiological parameters of the local surface-water bodies and groundwater were analyzed before and during water abstraction. Extracted water revealed a 5–98 % decrease in turbidity, as well as reductions in HCO₃ ^?, Cl^?, SO₄ ^2?, NO₃ ^?, Ca²⁺, Al³⁺ and As concentrations compared with those of Langat River water. In addition, amounts of E. coli, total coliform and Giardia were significantly reduced (99.9 %). However, water samples from test wells during pumping showed high concentrations of Fe²⁺ and Mn²⁺. Pumping test results indicate that the two wells used in the study were able to sustain yields.  相似文献   

Evaluation of heavy metal contamination in groundwater samples from Kapas Island,Terengganu, Malaysia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Noorain Mohd Isa  Ahmad Zaharin Aris  Wan Ying Lim  Wan Nor Azmin Wan Sulaiman  Sarva Mangala Praveena 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(3):1087-1100

An attempt has been made to delineate the hydrochemistry for a small island based on the major ions and heavy metal concentrations. In this investigation, six sampling campaigns were conducted to measure the concentrations of major ions (Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO₃, Cl, and SO₄) and heavy metals (Zn, Cr, Pb, Mn, As, and Cu) in groundwater samples collected from seven sampling stations (boreholes) located on Kapas Island, Terengganu, Malaysia. The distribution of major ions is illustrated by a piper plot where Ca–HCO₃ is the dominant type. In addition, the concentrations of heavy metals demonstrate that Mn shows as being the highest concentrated heavy metal in the groundwater sampled in the sampling campaigns; the average Mn content in groundwater sampled was 54.05 μg/L. However, a comparison of the heavy metal (Mn, Cr, Zn, As, Pb, and Cu) concentrations in groundwater samples with the Drinking Water Quality Standard prescribed by World Health Organization reveals that none of these heavy metals exceeded the recommended threshold limits. The principal component analyses (PCA) extracted four components that control the groundwater chemistry. Components 1 and 2 from the PCA analyses extracted approximately 52.11 % of the total variance, which represent the heavy metals (As and Mn) and physical parameters (pH, redox potential, electrical conductivity, temperature, and total dissolved solids). Based on the output of the PHREEQC hydrogeochemical software, several species of heavy metals exist, in which the dominant species found are Mn²⁺, PbCO₃, Cu(OH)₂, and Zn⁺.  相似文献   

A numerical comparison of enhancing horizontal resolution (EHR) technique utilizing 2D resistivity imaging     

M. M. Nordiana  S. Rosli  M. N. M. Nawawi 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(1):299-309

The effectiveness of inversion apparent resistivity data to determine accurately the true resistivity distribution over 2D structures has been investigated using a common inversion scheme based on smoothness-constrained nonlinear least-squares optimization with enhancing horizontal resolution (EHR) technique by numerical simulation. The theoretical model generates in RES2DMOD software at specific distance and depth using Wenner, Wenner–Schlumberger, and pole–dipole arrays were inverted. The inversion model was compared with the original 2D model in RES2DINV software. The study model includes horizontal layering, vertical resolution, and horizontal two layers with different resistivity. Also, the response to variations in data density of these arrays was investigated. The study shows the best array suitable to be used in the survey was chosen for real data acquisition at the actual site. Subsequently, the results from borehole were used to verify the results of 2D resistivity imaging method with and without EHR technique. Saturated zone (0–40 Ω-m) was found scattered at the depth of 10–20 m. The borehole is located at 63 m at 2D resistivity imaging survey which shows at depth 10–20 m is sandy silt. Highly weathered sandstone was found at 6 m depth with resistivity value of 800 Ω-m and SPT N value of 20. The bedrock was found at 27 m depth with resistivity value of 3,000 Ω-m and SPT N value of 50. The application of 2D resistivity imaging with EHR technique indicate the ability of the proposed approach in terms of density, depth, and resistivity value of anomalous and layer in a computationally and numerically efficient manner and to exhibit good performance in the data inversion.  相似文献   

Long-Wavelength Elastic Wave Propagation Across Naturally Fractured Rock Masses   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Mohd Mustaqim Mohd-Nordin  Ki-Il Song  Gye-Chun Cho  Zainab Mohamed 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2014,47(2):561-573

Geophysical site investigation techniques based on elastic waves have been widely used to characterize rock masses. However, characterizing jointed rock masses by using such techniques remains challenging because of a lack of knowledge about elastic wave propagation in multi-jointed rock masses. In this paper, the roughness of naturally fractured rock joint surfaces is estimated by using a three-dimensional (3D) image-processing technique. The classification of the joint roughness coefficient (JRC) is enhanced by introducing the scan line technique. The peak-to-valley height is selected as a key indicator for JRC classification. Long-wavelength P-wave and torsional S-wave propagation across rock masses containing naturally fractured joints are simulated through the quasi-static resonant column (QSRC) test. In general, as the JRC increases, the S-wave velocity increases within the range of stress levels considered in this paper, whereas the P-wave velocity and the damping ratio of the shear wave decrease. In particular, the two-dimensional joint specimen underestimates the S-wave velocity while overestimating the P-wave velocity. This suggests that 3D joint surfaces should be implicated to obtain the reliable elastic wave velocity in jointed rock masses. The contact characteristic and degree of roughness and waviness of the joint surface are identified as a factor influencing P-wave and S-wave propagation in multi-jointed rock masses. The results indicate a need for a better understanding of the sensitivity of contact area alterations to the elastic wave velocity induced by changes in normal stress. This paper’s framework can be a reference for future research on elastic wave propagation in naturally multi-jointed rock masses.  相似文献   

Wind energy potential assessment using Weibull distribution with various numerical estimation methods: a case study in Mersing and Port Dickson,Malaysia     

Safari  Muhammad Aslam Mohd  Masseran  Nurulkamal  Majid  Muhammad Hilmi Abdul 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2022,148(3-4):1085-1110

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - In this study, the Weibull distribution with various numerical estimation methods is utilized for the assessment of wind energy potential in Mersing and Port...  相似文献   

Arsenite removal from water by electro-coagulation on zinc–zinc and copper–copper electrodes     

I. Ali  Mohd. Asim  T. A. Khan 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2013,10(2):377-384

Removal of arsenite from aqueous solution was carried out using electro-coagulation method. The experiments were conducted using copper–copper and zinc–zinc electrodes. The optimized experimental parameters were 2.0 mg/L initial concentration, 16.0-min processing time, 6.0 pH, 3.0-V applied voltage and 30 °C temperature for zinc–zinc electrodes while these values for copper–copper electrodes were 2.0 mg/L initial concentration, 20.0-min processing time, 7.0 pH, 5.0-V applied voltage and 30 °C temperature. The results demonstrated that zinc–zinc and copper–copper electrodes removed arsenite up to 99.89 and 99.56 %, respectively. The treated water was clear, colorless and odorless without any secondary contamination. There was no change in water quality after the removal of arsenite. The reported method is capable to remove arsenite from water at 6–7 pH range, which is a pH range of natural water. Therefore, this method may be the choice of arsenite removal from natural ground water.  相似文献   

Computerised development control and approval system for City Hall of Kuala Lumpur     

Ahris Yaakup  Yazid Bakar  Mohd Kadir  Susilawati Sulaiman 《地球空间信息科学学报》2013,16(1):39-49

This paper will discuss the computerised development control and approval system being developed for the Planning and Development Control Department. City Hall of Kuala Lumpur, with stress on the GIS architecture developed within the system. The prospects and challenges towards implementation of the system are also discussed.  相似文献   

Effect of Ozone and Ozone/Fenton in the Advanced Oxidation Process on Biodegradable Characteristics of Semi‐aerobic Stabilized Leachate     

Salem S. Abu Amr  Hamidi Abdul Aziz  Mohd Nordin Adlan  Shuokr Qarani Aziz 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2013,41(2):148-152

This study investigated the effects of O₃ and O₃/H₂O₂/Fe²⁺ in the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) on the biodegradable and soluble characteristics of semi‐aerobic stabilized solid waste leachate. The biodegradability (BOD₅/chemical oxygen demand, COD) ratio improved from 0.034 to 0.05 and 0.1 following O₃ and O₃/H₂O₂/Fe²⁺, respectively. Fractions of biodegradable COD_(bi) (24%), non‐biodegradable COD_(ubi) (76%), soluble COD_(s) (59%), biodegradable soluble COD_(bsi) (38%), non‐biodegradable soluble COD_(ubsi) (62%), and particulate COD (PCOD) (41%) in stabilized leachate were also investigated. The fraction of COD_(bi) increased to 28 and 36% after applying O₃ and O₃/AOPs, respectively. COD_(S) increased to 59% after O₃ and to 72% after O₃/AOPs, whereas COD_(bsi) increased to 38 and 51% after O₃ and O₃/AOPs, respectively. The removal efficiency of COD_(S) was obtained at 5% after O₃ alone and improved to 51% following ozone‐based AOPs, whereas the removal efficiency of PCOD improved from 25% after O₃ to 71% after ozone‐based AOPs.  相似文献   

Identification of the Phytoremediation Potential of Indian mustard Genotypes for Copper,Evaluated from a Hydroponic Experiment     

Mohd. Kafeel Ahmad Ansari  Elif Oztetik  Altaf Ahmad  Shahid Umar  Muhammad Iqbal  Gary Owens 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2013,41(8):789-796

The effectiveness of 10 Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) genotypes (viz. Agrani, BTO, Kranti, Pusa Bahar, Pusa Basant, Pusa Bold, Pusa Jai Kisan, Vaibhav, Vardhan, and Varuna) were evaluated for their potential to phytoremediate copper from contaminated waters under laboratory controlled conditions. The genotypes were grown for 20 days in aqueous solutions containing various concentrations of copper sulfate (0–50 µM) in a hydroponic chamber. Throughout plant development, changes in growth variables, biomass accumulation, and total Cu content were evaluated. The results suggested that Indian mustard cv. Pusa Jai Kisan possesses the best capacities of Cu sequestration and tolerance amongst all the genotypes studied. Thus, Pusa Jai Kisan has the greatest potential to become a viable candidate in the development of practical phytoremediation technologies for Cu contaminated sites.  相似文献   

Malaysia's Three Major Ethnic Group Preferences in Creating a Malaysian Garden Identity     

Mina Kaboudarahangi  Osman Mohd Tahir  Mustafa Kamal M.S. 《The Australian geographer》2013,44(2):197-213

Malaysia has a complex multiracial population, predominantly defined by three major ethnic groups: Malay, Chinese and Indian races, with diverse cultural backgrounds. Despite this, the country has a vision to be the most beautiful garden nation, and its National Landscape Policy (NLP) puts emphasis on creating a unique landscape and garden identity. Because of ethnic and cultural differences, there are differences between preferences for developing a garden identity for Malaysia. Hence, this study focused on the visual quality of gardens. Representative images of four well-established gardens of the world including Persian-Islamic, English, Japanese and Chinese gardens were presented to the study's respondents through preference photo surveys. Respondents from the three major ethnic groups in Malaysia were asked to rate their preferred garden types, elements and scenes that they would like to see in Malaysian gardens. The results pinpointed expectations of the visual quality of gardens. These highlighted some similarities and differences between the three major ethnic groups in their preferences for the scenes and elements that they sought in gardens. Diverse factors must be considered when creating Malaysian gardens that will be accepted by Malaysians of different ethnic groups. Garden development reveals preferences attached to visual qualities and emphasises cultural differences between garden users.  相似文献