Impact of Montmorillonite and Calcite on Release and Adsorption of Cyanobacterial Fatty Acids at Ambient Temperature   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘邓  杨小芬  王红梅  李继红  苏念 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2008,19(5):526-533

Minerals might act as important sorbents of sedimentary organic matter and reduce biodegradation, which favors the formation of hydrocarbon source rocks in the earth's history. Since most organic matter is degraded during the sinking process, at ambient temperature, it is important to investigate the adsorption capacity of different minerals during this process, to assess the organic loss from primary productivity to sedimentary organic matter. In this study, montmorillonite and calcite have been selected to study the impact of different minerals on the release, adsorption, and deposition of cyanobacterial (Synechococcus elonpata) fatty acids (FAs) at ambient temperature. Gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) have been utilized to detect the variation in fatty acids. Primary results suggest that minerals have a different impact on dissolved organic matter. Montmorillonite can specifically enhance the release of fatty acids from cyanobacterial cells by lowering the pH values of the solution. The adsorption of the dissolved organic matter by montmorillonite will also be enhanced under a lower pH value. Conjunction of fatty acids with montmorillonite to form a complex will favor the sinking and preservation of these organics. Selective adsorption is observed among fatty acids with different carbon numbers. In contrast, calcite does not show any impact on the release and adsorption of organic matter even though it is reportedly capable of acting as a catalyst during the transformation of organic matter at high temperature. The primary data bridge a link between primary productivity and sedimentary organic matter, suggesting the relative importance of claystones in the formation of hydrocarbon source rocks in the earth's history.  相似文献   

Simulation experiment on hydrocarbon generating potential of various source rocks on the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin,Qinghai, China     

Xin Li  Dongliang Wang  Baoquan Liu  Chunling Ren  Jianying Guo  Xuefeng Su  Jian Wang 《中国地球化学学报》2008,27(4):412-419

The northern margin of the Qaidam Basin is one of the main oil-gas exploration areas in western China, where source rocks are composed mostly of Middle and Lower Jurassic dark mud shale, carbargillite and coal. A large number of subsurface and outcrop samples differing in lithology with different types of organic matter were selected for resource evaluation, research and calculation. And among them, 13 samples were used for simulation experiment on hydrocarbon generating potential of various source rocks. At first, two kinds of heating modes were compared through simulation experiment, including single temperature-step heating and continual heating. Perhaps, the process of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion occurred naturally between a close system and an open system. In addition, the first heating mode was convenient, and all its reaction products were involved in the whole thermal evolution, and the final simulation experimental results were basically in consistency with the natural evolution trend Therefore, the first heating mode was adopted and the hydrocarbon yield of every sample was worked out. According to the type and lithology of organic matter and the hydrocarbon yield of samples for simulation experiment, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion mode with three kinds of lithology and five types of source rock has been established to provide the basis for hydrocarbon generation evaluation, research and resource calculation.  相似文献   

呼伦贝尔市煤矿矿区地质环境保护与综合治理     

葛佐  高速 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2008,19(4)

通过对呼伦贝尔市煤矿地质环境敏感性的综合评价,结合当地实际情况,提出了以修筑拦挡建筑物、支撑与坡面防护、锚固、排水、选择更合理的开采工艺等技术手段,对该地区地质灾害进行防治的方案。方案对海拉尔河河道治理、生物措施、井下回填工程、加固边坡、抽排水、发展煤矸石砖厂、移民避让、招商引资8个部分提出了防治方法,促进地质环境治理工作的进行。  相似文献   

Groundwater quality evaluation and its application based on index classification     

ZENG Yu-chao  DAI Yun  LIU Na  JIANG Yu  YANG Xiao-ying  YUE Ying 《世界地质》2008,27(3)

  相似文献   

TCA2003全站仪监测数据处理新方法     

魏娜  苗艳妮  孙宏飞 《地理空间信息》2008,6(4):138-141

在微震颤状态下,TCA2003智能全站仪的垂直自动补偿器不能正常工作,因此由持续监测过程中的温度变化而引起的仪器竖轴周期性倾斜摆动不能通过自动补偿来改正。本文提出了一种新的非线性坐标转换方法,该方法用于TCA2003变形监测数据处理可以消除竖轴倾斜的影响,提取高精度的变形量,而且适用于大角度的三维坐标转换并且不依赖于初值。  相似文献   

海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷与松辽盆地孤店C02气田含片钠铝石砂岩的岩石学特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

高玉巧  刘立  曲希玉  刘娜 《古地理学报》2008,10(2)

海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷南屯组与松辽盆地孤店CO2气田泉头组发育大量含片钠铝石砂岩.通过偏光显微镜、扫描电镜、茜素红-S染色、X射线衍射、电子探针与INCA能谱分析等,对含片钠铝石砂岩的骨架碎屑组分、胶结物与自生矿物、成岩共生序列等岩石学特征进行了系统研究.研究表明,含片钠铝石砂岩的岩石类型为长石砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩,粒度以细粒、细-中粒为主,分选差-中等.砂岩中胶结物主要为次生加大石英、自生石英、片钠铝石、铁白云石和牯土矿物.其中,片钠铝石最高可达砂岩总体积的22%,在砂岩中或以放射状、束状、菊花状、杂乱毛发状、毛球状、板状等集合体充填孔隙,或呈束状和板状交代长石和岩屑.电子探针与INCA能谱综合分析表明,片钠铝石主要由Na、AI、O、C等组成.在含片钠铝石砂岩中,成岩共生序列依次为牯土矿物包壳-次生加大石英、自生石英、自生高岭石-油气充注-CO2充注-片钠铝石-铁白云石.其中,CO2注入前形成的自生矿物组合主要为次生加大石英、自生石英和自生高岭石,C02注入后形成的自生矿物组合主要为片钠铝石和铁白云石.  相似文献   

海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷与松辽盆地孤店CO₂气田含片钠铝石砂岩的岩石学特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

高玉巧  刘立  曲希玉  刘娜 《古地理学报》2008,10(2):111-123

海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷南屯组与松辽盆地孤店CO₂气田泉头组发育大量含片钠铝石砂岩。通过偏光显微镜、扫描电镜、茜素红-S染色、X射线衍射、电子探针与INCA能谱分析等,对含片钠铝石砂岩的骨架碎屑组分、胶结物与自生矿物、成岩共生序列等岩石学特征进行了系统研究。研究表明,含片钠铝石砂岩的岩石类型为长石砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩,粒度以细粒、细-中粒为主,分选差-中等。砂岩中胶结物主要为次生加大石英、自生石英、片钠铝石、铁白云石和粘土矿物。其中,片钠铝石最高可达砂岩总体积的22％在砂岩中或以放射状、束状、菊花状、杂乱毛发状、毛球状、板状等集合体充填孔隙,或呈束状和板状交代长石和岩屑。电子探针与INCA能谱综合分析表明,片钠铝石主要由Na、Al、O、C等组成。在含片钠铝石砂岩中,成岩共生序列依次为粘土矿物包壳-次生加大石英、自生石英、自生高岭石-油气充注-CO₂充注-片钠铝石-铁白云石。其中,CO₂注入前形成的自生矿物组合主要为次生加大石英、自生石英和自生高岭石,CO₂注入后形成的自生矿物组合主要为片钠铝石和铁白云石。  相似文献   

四川宝鼎盆地晚三叠世层序地层与聚煤作用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

邵龙义  鲁静  冉隆明  苏时才  魏克敏  孙应珠  陈江峰  于晓辉 《古地理学报》2008,10(4):355-361

运用钻井岩心、测井及层序地层学的有关理论、方法,对位于扬子地块西缘、四川攀枝花地区的宝鼎盆地的含煤岩系进行了层序地层学与聚煤作用研究。在主要含煤段大荞地组发育12个层序界面和11个四级层序,其中在40#煤层以上地层发育层序Ⅳ到层序Ⅺ等8个四级层序。伴随着宝鼎盆地由断陷盆地(大荞地组沉积时期)向大型拗陷盆地(宝鼎组沉积时期)演化,盆地基底沉降速率减小,可容空间增加速率降低,聚煤作用在垂向上先增强再减弱。断陷盆地发育早期,聚煤作用较弱;断陷盆地发展中期(层序Ⅳ-层序Ⅷ),主要煤层多发育于低位体系域、初始湖泛面附近和高位体系域中晚期,平面上聚煤中心位于可容空间增加速率中等的三角洲平原相带;至盆地发展晚期(层序Ⅸ-层序Ⅺ),主要煤层的发育位置逐渐向四级层序最大湖泛面靠近,平面上聚煤中心向可容空间增加速率最大的盆地沉积中心迁移。  相似文献   

电子政务空间信息服务应用模型的适用性评价     

周娜  刘纪平  董春  王勇 《测绘通报》2008,(12):64-67

在总结国内外相关模型评价方法和分析电子政务空间信息服务应用模型的基础上,提出一种基于多层次、可扩展评价指标体系的适用度评价模型,并给出适用度计算的方法和流程。最后,以三种地震灾害评估模型在震灾评估中的应用为例对其进行基于适用度的模型适用性评价。  相似文献   

基于iPhone的WebGIS应用系统的研究与实现     

陈娜  吴信才  张发勇  罗晟 《测绘通报》2008,(12):56-59

在分析iPhone特性的基础上,结合工程实践,对面向iPhone基于WebGIS应用系统的实现进行研究,主要是对功能设计及布局、Ajax、canvas绘图等一系列关键技术进行研究并形成相关的应用技术和解决方案。该系统满足了大众对于在iPhone上实现WebGIS应用系统的需求,同时,该系统的实现对面向iPhone的Web应用有一定的借鉴作用。  相似文献