中国西北大陆岩石圈类型、岩石学结构及其意义   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

邱瑞照  李文渊  周肃  李廷栋  邓晋福  肖庆辉  陈秀法  元春华  韩九曦  王靓靓  陈玉明  陈正 《西北地质》2008,41(2)

根据西北地区的地质和地球物理特征,区分出中国西北大陆以准噶尔和塔里木为代表的克拉通型岩石圈和造山带型岩石圈,而造山带型岩石圈又可以区分为以额济纳旗为代表的古生代造山带型岩石圈(老物质新结构)和包括天山、阿尔泰山、昆仑山在内的新生代造山型岩石圈(老物质新结构);依据岩石学方法、壳幔演化模型和造山带形成过程以及地震波速与岩石化学成分之间的关系,建立相应类型岩石圈的壳幔岩石学结,讨论了不同岩石圈类型的壳幔物质结构、地壳和岩石圈地幔厚度的地质含义及其找矿意义.  相似文献   

Visible gold in arsenian pyrite at the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit, Guizhou, China: Implications for the environment and processes of ore formation   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

Wenchao Su  Bin Xia  Hongtao Zhang  Xingchun Zhang  Ruizhong Hu 《Ore Geology Reviews》2008,33(3-4):667-679

Carlin-type gold deposits are best known for the scarcity of visible gold in their ores. It has long been recognized that the majority of gold is “invisible”, such that it cannot be resolved by conventional microscopy, and resides in arsenian pyrite. Shuiyindong differs in that sub-μm to μm-sized native gold is present in arsenian pyrite veinlets and disseminations. It is also the largest (55 tonnes) and highest grade (7 to 18 ppm), stratabound, Carlin-type gold deposit in Guizhou, China and has produced 5 tonnes of gold from sulfide refractory ores extracted by underground mining methods. In this study, an electron microprobe analyzer (EMPA) was used to map the spatial distribution of “invisible” gold and sub-μm to μm-size visible gold particles in arsenian pyrite in high-grade ore samples from the Shuiyindong. The samples studied are hosted in Permian bioclastic ferroan limestone of the Longtan Formation and exhibit evidence of decarbonation, silicification and sulfidation. Arsenian pyrite with detectable Au (> 400 to 3800 ppm) is disseminated in altered limestone and was deposited in two stages separated by an episode of corrosion in a veinlet.The results show that there are two populations of native gold in arsenian pyrite. One is comprised of sub-μm size gold particles (0.1 to 0.2 μm) that are occasionally present in the gold-bearing arsenian pyrite disseminated in the host rocks. This arsenian pyrite is interpreted to have been formed by sulfidation of ferroan calcite and dolomite. Another is comprised of coarser (1 to 6 μm) native gold grains present in the arsenian pyrite veinlet, either on the first stage where it has been corroded or on the second stage. The lack of fluid inclusion or other evidence of boiling and the low iron content of fluid inclusions in quartz, suggest the veinlet formed by sulfidation of another fluid containing Fe. The Fe-bearing fluid may be a depleted ore fluid that gained Fe by dissolution of ferroan limestone after H₂S had been consumed. The association of the largest visible gold grains with an episode of corrosion suggests that fluids episodically became undersaturated with arsenian pyrite while remaining saturated with gold (e.g., pH decrease or an increase in the oxidation state). This may have resulted from incursion of relatively acidic or oxidized fluids that were able to dissolve arsenian pyrite and remain saturated with gold. In this case, sulfidation of iron from the host rock, was the most important depositional mechanism for Au-bearing arsenian pyrite with, or without, grains of native gold.  相似文献   

Contribution of syncollisional felsic magmatism to continental crust growth: A case study of the Paleogene Linzizong volcanic Succession in southern Tibet   总被引：50，自引：0，他引：50  

Xuanxue Mo  Yaoling Niu  Guochen Dong  Zhidan Zhao  Zengqian Hou  Su Zhou  Shan Ke 《Chemical Geology》2008,250(1-4):49-67

The Linzizong volcanic succession (~ 65–45 Ma) and the coeval batholiths (~ 60−40 Ma) of andesitic to rhyolitic composition represent a magmatic response to the India–Asia continental collision that began at ~ 70–65 Ma and ended at ~ 45–40 Ma with convergence continuing to present. These syncollisional felsic magmatic rocks are widely distributed along much of the > 1500 km long Gangdese Belt immediately north of the India–Asia suture (Yarlung–Zangbo) in southern Tibet. Our study of the Linzizong volcanic rocks from the Linzhou Basin (near Lhasa) suggests that syncollisional felsic magmatism may in fact account for much of the net contribution to continental crust growth. These volcanic rocks show a first-order temporal change from the andesitic lower Dianzhong Formation (64.4–60.6 Ma), to the dacitic middle Nianbo Formation (~ 54 Ma), and to the rhyolitic upper Pana Formation (48.7–43.9 Ma). The three formations show no systematic but overlapping Nd–Sr isotope variations. The isotopically depleted samples with ε_Nd(t) > 0 indicate that their primary sources are of mantle origin. The best source candidate in the broad context of Tethyan ocean closing and India–Asia collision is the remaining part of the Tethyan ocean crust. This ocean crust melts when reaching its hydrous solidus during and soon after the collision in the amphibolite facies, producing andesitic melts parental to the Linzizong volcanic succession (and the coeval batholiths) with inherited mantle isotopic signatures. Ilmenite as a residual phase (plus the effect of residual amphibole) of amphibolite melting accounts for the depletion of Nb, Ta and Ti in the melt. The effect of ocean crust alteration plus involvement of mature crustal materials (e.g., recycled terrigeneous sediments) enhances the abundances of Ba, Rb, Th, U, K and Pb in the melt, thus giving the rocks an “arc-like” geochemical signature. Residual amphibole that possesses super-chondritic Nb/Ta ratio explains the sub-chondritic Nb/Ta ratio in the melt; residual plagioclase explains the slightly depleted, not enriched, Sr (and Eu) in the melt, typical of continental crust. These observations and reasoning plus the remarkable compositional similarity between the andesitic lower Dianzhong Formation and the model bulk continental crust corroborates our proposal that continental collision zones may be sites of net crustal growth (juvenile crust) through process of syncollisional felsic magmatism. While these interpretations are reasonable in terms of straightforward petrology, geochemistry and tectonics, they require further testing.  相似文献   

基于航天远景一键快拼软件处理5D MarkⅢ无人机数据的研究     

徐娜 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(1)

介绍了利用无人机搭载佳能EOS 5D MarkⅢ影像数据在航天远景一键快拼软件下快速拼接生成DOM的方法,总结了该方法的优势和在快拼过程中需要注意的问题,可为今后的数据生产提供参考。  相似文献   

基于矿物光谱指数的蚀变信息提取——以西藏多龙铜金矿集区ASTER数据为例     

王成  郭娜  张廷斌  唐楠  伏媛 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(3)

矿物光谱指数是利用比值的方法增强Fe和含OH矿物在可见光、短波红外区间的吸收特征,进而提取蚀变矿物信息的一种方法。由于斑岩型矿床的蚀变分带特征明显,西藏多龙矿集区中集中了斑岩型、浅成低温热液型等铜、金矿床,通过矿物光谱指数的计算提取相关蚀变信息,对该区域的下一步找矿具有指导意义。本文采用矿物光谱指数(5+7)/6、(6+9)/8等方法提取了镁、铝两类羟基及铝羟基类下的高岭石等蚀变信息,采用5/4、2/1的方法提取了二价铁、三价铁的蚀变信息。经过与OLI影像采用PCA方法及野外实地勘查采样,证实了利用本文方法所提取的蚀变信息有效。  相似文献   

视频数据的地理信息提取研究     

李伟  景海涛  原世伟  曹丹  刘洋洋  万娜 《测绘科学》2017,42(11)

针对视频数据虽然能高效、逼真、详细地展现地理信息,但是因不具备地理框架而不能直接与GIS结合,参与空间分析的问题,该文通过多次真实环境条件下的尝试性实验,探索出一种从视频中提取地理信息的方案:采用运动目标检测技术自动识别出视频帧中实体的轮廓;通过半自动的处理清除提取数据的干扰轮廓;借助数据变换技术为视频帧及其提取的数据赋予准确的地理框架。基于真实环境的实验结果表明:该方案不仅可以有效地提取视频中的地理信息参与空间分析,还能够实现其空间分析结果的多视角可视化。本研究针对视频与GIS结合问题做出初步探索,为视频GIS的深层次研究提供帮助。  相似文献   

2015年春季北疆沿天山一带一次强沙尘暴过程分析     

闵月  李娜  汤浩 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2017,11(5):30-37

利用NCEP1°×1°全球格点再分析资料和常规地面观测资料,对2015年4月27日北疆沿天山一带的沙尘暴天气过程进行了诊断分析。结果表明：乌拉尔山低槽分裂短波槽与中纬度锋区上中亚低槽汇合东移是沙尘暴发生的影响系统,地面冷锋过境是沙尘暴出现的直接原因;前期高温少雨,时值春播期为沙尘暴的发生提供了丰富的沙尘源;中层400 hPa至低层700 hPa强冷平流的入侵,加大了热力不稳定;假相当位温锋区的强迫抬升作用,触发了不稳定能量的释放;300 hPa高空西风急流的增强造成锋生和动量下传,为沙尘暴提供了充足的动力。沙尘暴天气发生在地面冷锋后部西北大风区内、Δp3中心前部、850 hPa强冷平流前部以及850 hPa强上升运动区内。Δp3 ≥10.0 hPa、水平螺旋度≤ -300 m2?s-2对沙尘暴天气的预报有较好的指示意义。  相似文献   

Applicability of Kinetic Models for In Situ Combustion Processes with Different Oil Types     

Na Jia  David H.-S. Law  Paul Naccache  Marie Ann Giddins 《Natural Resources Research》2017,26(1):37-55

The in situ combustion (ISC) process is of interest as an enhanced oil recovery method because it is an alternative to traditional steam-based processes for heavy oil and bitumen recovery. ISC is a technique applicable outside the window of reservoir conditions deemed appropriate for steam injection (such as deeper and thinner reservoirs). The process involves complex chemical reactions and physical recovery mechanisms, and predicting the likelihood of successful ISC in field applications remains challenging. This paper describes a numerical investigation of the capability of different ISC kinetic models to predict the combustion behaviors of different types of oils (light oil, heavy oil, and bitumen). Three kinetic models (of Coats, Crookston, and Belgrave) were selected from literature and compared using data from four published combustion-tube experiments. The comparison procedure is as follows: (1) validate the numerical modeling of each kinetic model by matching the selected experimental results or duplicating the numerical results found in published literature; (2) adjust fluid viscosities and densities to match the fluid properties of each experiment;and (3) use each validated kinetic model to predict the performance of the other experiments without further tuning the kinetic parameters. The knowledge derived from the experiments provides guidance for choosing the appropriate kinetic model when no other data are available and for the preliminary design and screening study of a potential ISC project.  相似文献   

东南极冰盖中山站-Dome A断面表层雪中SO_4~(2–)和MSA的空间分布特征          下载免费PDF全文

于金海李院生  马红梅史贵涛马天鸣  安春雷姜苏 《极地研究》2017,29(1):45-55

中山站-Dome A断面考察是国际横穿南极科学考察计划(ITASE)的核心考察路线之一,具有重要的科学意义,在国内外产生了广泛影响。中国第31次南极科学考察内陆冰盖考察期间,采集了中山站-Dome A断面上约10 km间隔的表层雪样品,通过离子色谱实验分析,得出了断面上含硫化合物(SO_4~(2-)与MSA)的含量。在整个断面上,nssSO_4~(2-)和MSA含量表现出微弱的递减变化趋势,呈现出区域性变化趋势。在内陆高原区域(Dome A区域),nssSO_4~(2-)与MSA存在较好的线性关系([MSA]=0.1158×[nssSO_4~(2-)]–1.1497,r~2=0.75)。MSA/nssSO_4~(2-)比值在断面上的变化范围为0.04—0.47,均值为0.14,比值表现为沿海区域高于内陆区域,与低温条件下MSA/nssSO_4~(2-)比值大相矛盾,原因是由于源区的不同或风场而造成的。通过对断面上含硫化合物的研究,为进一步利用冰芯SO_4~(2-)与MSA记录研究过去气候环境提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

环渤海地区海洋产业生态系统适应性时空演变及影响因素   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李博  张志强  苏飞  韩增林 《地理科学》2017,37(5):701-708

将产业生态系统引入到海洋研究中,开展海洋产业生态系统适应性研究,界定海洋产业生态系统适应性的内涵及特征;采用均方差赋权法进行权重赋值,构建海洋产业生态系统适应性评价指标体系与评估模型,分析环渤海地区海洋产业生态系统的适应性时空演变及影响因素。结果表明： 从整体来看,环渤海地区海洋产业生态系统适应性差异较大,主要问题是环渤海地区各省市海洋产业发展参差不齐,产业基础和发展速度差异较大,海洋生态环境建设水平不一; 从空间来看,海洋产业生态系统适应性呈现山东>辽宁>天津>河北的空间分布特征;在海洋产业子系统各要素中,呈现敏感性越大,弹性越大的特征,海洋环境子系统适应性特征不明显; 从时间来看,环渤海地区海洋产业生态系统适应性在波动中不断增强,各省市适应性综合指数差距呈现逐渐扩大的趋势,这种扩大的趋势是由于海洋产业子系统年均增长的差异所致; 区域内部海洋产业生态系统适应性差异明显：天津市海洋产业子系统适应性指数最高,海洋环境子系统发展水平滞后;河北省海洋产业、环境子系统适应性指数较低,海洋产业生态系统发展水平低;辽宁省海洋产业、环境子系统适应性指数较小,海洋产业、环境子系统发育较平衡;山东省海洋产业、环境子系统适应性指数较高,海洋产业生态系统发展水平高,海洋产业子系统发展迅速。  相似文献