Permeability control and flood risk assessment of urban underlying surface: a case study of Runcheng south area,Kunming     

Xu  Tong  Xie  Zhiqiang  Zhao  Fei  Li  Yimin  Yang  Shouquan  Zhang  Yangbin  Yin  Siqiao  Chen  Shi  Li  Xuan  Zhao  Sidong  Hou  Zhiqun 《Natural Hazards》2022,111(1):661-686

Natural Hazards - Because of climate change and rapid urbanization, urban impervious underlying surfaces have expanded, causing Chinese cities to become strongly affected by flood disasters....  相似文献   

(Mis)trusting the process: how post-disaster home buyout processes can degrade public trust     

Schwaller  Nora Louise  Campbell  Leah  Nguyen  Mai Thi  Smith  Gavin 《Natural Hazards》2022,111(3):2681-2702

Natural Hazards - Federally funded housing buyout programs are the dominant method of government-supported retreat in the USA. Done correctly, buyouts can reduce pre-disaster vulnerability and...  相似文献   

Comparing the Response of Static Loading Tests on Two Model Pile Groups in Soft Clay     

V. H. L. Bach  H. M. Nguyen  A. J. Puppala  C. M. Nguyen  U. D. Patil 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2018,36(1):13-26

Static load test program was performed on a single pile and two 16-pile groups with equal and different pile lengths. The soil profile consists of sand fill to 0.5 m depth placed on a thick deposit of soft, normally consolidated and compressible clay. The closed end steel pipe piles in 60 mm diameter were installed from 1.5 m through 2.1 m depth within soft clay deposit. The center-to-center distance of piles in group is about 3 times of pile diameter. The strain gages were installed at one level above and two through four levels below ground surface. Tests were carried out about 7 days after driving by method of a series of load increments placed every 5-min until plunging failure occurred. The load at plunging failure for the single pile, the equal-length pile group and the different-length pile group were about 3, 40 and 48 kN, respectively. The movements at start of failure were about 12, 18, and 17 mm, respectively. The analysis of strain gage measurements indicates that the load distribution on piles in the different-length pile group has become significantly uniform.  相似文献   

浙江安吉上奥陶统钾质斑脱岩特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汪隆武  张建芳  陈津华  张元动  陈小友  朱朝晖  刘健  胡艳华  马譞 《地层学杂志》2015,(2):155-168

在浙江安吉杭垓地区的上奥陶统黄泥岗组和长坞组分别发现42层和5层钾质斑脱岩夹层,对其中部分斑脱岩开展的X衍射分析显示,其主要成分为石英、伊利石、蒙脱石、高岭石和极少量钠长石;该套斑脱岩具有高钾特征,为钾玄岩系列;稀土元素成分分析显示具有高∑REE含量,轻、重稀土分异明显,具较强负铕异常,球粒陨石标准化稀土配分曲线具有右倾的特征;富集Rb、Th、U、K,亏损Ba、Sr、P等。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年值为453±4~444.7±3.3 Ma。成因地球化学分析显示,这些斑脱岩主要形成于板内构造环境,为晚奥陶世凯迪期广西运动构造—岩浆事件的产物。  相似文献   

中条山地区绛县群和中条群沉积时限:夹层斜长角闪岩SIMS锆石U-Pb年代学证据   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1  

刘玄  范宏瑞  邱正杰  杨奎锋  胡芳芳  郭双龙  赵凤春 《岩石学报》2015,31(6):1564-1572

中条山地区出露大量早前寒武纪岩石,是认识华北克拉通晚太古代至早元古代大地构造演化的关键地区。绛县群变质陆缘碎屑-火山岩及中条群变质陆缘碎屑-碳酸盐岩建造是该区最主要的地层单元,同时也是一系列铜矿床的赋矿围岩。目前,对于二者的形成时代仍缺乏直接证据。本文通过高精度的二次离子质谱锆石U-Pb定年,厘定了绛县群和中条群中的斜长角闪岩夹层分别形成于~2189Ma和~2086Ma。结合已有同位素资料,我们认为绛县群变质沉积-火山岩系可能形成于ca.2160~2190Ma,而中条群中段的大理岩和黑色片岩系(余元下组和篦子沟组)形成于ca.2059~2086Ma之间。另外,岩石组合和矿化类型指示,中条山地区在ca.2090~2190Ma可能经历了两次裂谷事件。  相似文献   

基于纳米免疫磁珠快速富集4 种海洋致病性弧菌的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张璇  戴娟  王祖忠  周君  张迪骏  张春丹  李晔  苏秀榕 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(6):1478-1486

为研究海洋中常见致病性弧菌的快速分离富集方法--免疫磁珠法, 本文以副溶血弧菌、 哈维氏弧菌、创伤弧菌、灿烂弧菌为研究对象, 制备纳米免疫磁珠, 并通过一系列优化条件, 用3M 试纸计算捕获率来确定免疫磁珠最佳捕获条件。最后分别对4 种致病性弧菌的不同菌液稀释浓度、 对1 株目标菌和8 株非目标菌、4 种混合菌进行捕获, 从而评价免疫磁珠的灵敏度、特异性以及抗干 扰能力。结果表明, 4 种磁珠偶联最佳抗体量为300、600、150、150μg.最佳捕获条件: 副溶血弧菌 免疫磁珠用量3mg, 免疫反应45min, 磁分离3min, pH 7.4 缓冲液体系。哈维氏弧菌免疫磁珠用量3mg, 免疫反应45min, 磁分离1min, pH 6.0 缓冲液体系。创伤弧菌免疫磁珠用量12mg, 免疫反应60min, 磁分离5min, pH 8.0 缓冲液体系。灿烂弧菌免疫磁珠用量6mg, 免疫反应30min, 磁分离3min, pH 7.4 缓冲液体系。在纯培养情况下, 4 种免疫磁珠灵敏度均达到10 CFU/mL 数量级; 分别对9 株菌进行捕 获, 对目标菌的捕获率均达到87%以上, 对非目标菌的捕获率均低于32%; 对4 种混合菌进行捕获时, 免疫磁珠捕获率不受其它杂菌干扰。本研究证明了该免疫磁珠有较好的灵敏度、特异性和抗干扰能 力, 且与其它增菌方法相比, 大大缩短了时间, 具有较好的应用前景。  相似文献   

基于ArcGIS的海图立体修测技术          下载免费PDF全文

滕惠忠  闸旋  辛宪会  叶秋果 《海洋测绘》2015,(5):63-66

海图修测是海洋测绘的重要任务,实际生产中尚未建立采集、编辑、入库一体化的立体影像海图修测技术。分析了立体测图技术的现状和发展趋势,以及海图修测技术特点和需求,提出了基于Arc GIS的立体影像海图修测技术方案,论述了功能模块组成和软件嵌入方法,给出了软件研制的技术要求。该技术方案能够实现海图修测的立体采集、直接入库的应用要求,拓展海图修测数据源,提高作业效率,为海洋测绘航空摄影测量体系建设提供参考。  相似文献   

Extracting of six Deformation Parameters Using Improved ICP Matching Based on Terrestrial Laser Scanning Data     

Xijiang Chen  Guang Zhang  Xianghong Hua  Hao Wu  Wei Xuan 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2017,45(1):123-130

Extraction of the magnitude and direction of deformation is an important issue. Deformation is typically extracted by comparing data related to a finite number of control point. However, such a method can only extract the magnitude of deformation, but not the direction of deformation. In this paper, the improved ICP model is exploited for extracting the deformation. The main idea of this method is the construction of improved ICP and the determination of the relationship between extraction of six deformation parameters and local matching. This proposed deformation extraction method is particularly suited for scenarios where the deformation area is 3D rigid-body. The performance of the proposed method is extensively evaluated numerically and experimentally according to the 3D rigid-body board deformation. It is important to note that the conclusions were achieved under non-ideal conditions, e.g. using non-calibrated TLS point cloud and non-special targets. Besides the simulation experiment, the validation results achieved on bridge test site are briefly discussed.  相似文献   

月球表面实时温度模型     

冯绚  郭强 《遥感学报》2017,21(6):928-938

国外相关研究结果表明,月球表面的光度学稳定度可达10^-8/年,是自由空间内稳定的辐射参考源,可用于星载遥感仪器的外定标。与基于地球表面目标观测的在轨定标方法相比,最大的优势在于在轨月球观测信息中没有大气辐射的贡献,大气窗区和非窗区处理方式几乎一致。同时,作为整体发射率稳定的自然天体,月球表面的温度范围在90—390 K之间,完全满足通常对地观测探测的动态范围要求。月球复杂的表面辐射特性,是制约对月定标技术发展的主要原因之一。月球表面辐射特性与月表发射率、月表温度密切相关。月表温度分布是月球重要的热物理参数之一,是月球表面热演化模型的必要边界条件,同时也是研究月球表面发射谱的关键参数。获取月表温度的方法大致可以分为两大类：直接测量温度数据和建立物理模型预测。直接测量温度数据又可以细分为下面3种方法：地基遥感测量、绕月探测卫星遥感测量、登陆月球直接测量表面温度。地基观测的空间分辨率很低,只能反映出一大片区域的平均温度;另外两种方法花费巨大,且不能对全月的温度变化进行长期的观测。月表温度物理模型基于热传导理论,结合月壤样本的热物理参数,将月球当成半无限固体,根据Stefan-Boltzmann定律和能量守恒定律,得到月表物理温度和太阳辐照度、月球内部热流的关系。太阳辐照度是月表温度分布的最重要的因素。本文以天文计算为基础,准确描述月表有效太阳辐照度与太阳常数、太阳辐射入射角以及日月距离之间的关系,建立一个可以计算任意时刻、任意经纬度坐标点的月表温度模型,从而有助于准确描述月表辐射特性。与风云二号G星的观测结果对比,该模型可以准确描述月相的变化。阿波罗15号首次开展了一系列探索月球的科学试验,其中在登月点附近开展的月表热流试验是ALSEP（Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package）的重要组成部分。月表热流试验提供了登月点附近长时间的月表温度数据,通过与阿波罗15号实测数据进行对比,当太阳高度角大于0°时,该模型可以准确描述月球表面的温度变化;当太阳高度角在一定范围内时,模型的温度误差在1 K以内。  相似文献   

Evaluating historical simulations of CMIP5 GCMs for key climatic variables in Zhejiang Province,China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Weidong?Xuan  Chong?Ma  Lili?Kang  Haiting?Gu  Suli?Pan  Yue-Ping?XuEmail author 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2017,128(1-2):207-222

Assessing the regional impact of climate change on agriculture, hydrology, and forests is vital for sustainable management. Trustworthy projections of climate change are needed to support these assessments. In this paper, 18 global climate models (GCMs) from the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) are evaluated for their ability to simulate regional climate change in Zhejiang Province, Southeast China. Simple graphical approaches and three indices are used to evaluate the performance of six key climatic variables during simulations from 1971 to 2000. These variables include maximum and minimum air temperature, precipitation, wind speed, solar radiation, and relative humidity. These variables are of great importance to researchers and decision makers in climate change impact studies and developing adaptation strategies. This study found that most GCMs failed to reproduce the observed spatial patterns, due to insufficient resolution. However, the seasonal variations of the six variables are simulated well by most GCMs. Maximum and minimum air temperatures are simulated well on monthly, seasonal, and yearly scales. Solar radiation is reasonably simulated on monthly, seasonal, and yearly scales. Compared to air temperature and solar radiation, it was found that precipitation, wind speed, and relative humidity can only be simulated well at seasonal and yearly scales. Wind speed was the variable with the poorest simulation results across all GCMs.  相似文献