黄河山东段1986～1996年水沙变化特点     

吕曼 《水文》2000,20(6):45-47,36

通过对近期黄河下游山东河段来水来沙特点的分析,指出了自１９８６～１９９６年以来的枯水少沙系列,使下游河道的水沙条件发生了根本变化,年水量大幅度减少,年径流量减少了一半,水量年内分配发生变化,河道淤积持续发展,对下游的防洪保安构成了新的威胁。  相似文献   

地下水封石油洞库渗流场的数值分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘贯群  韩曼  宋涛  陈浩 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(5):819-824

对研究区水文地质条件和地下水封石油洞库、水幕系统进行了概化,利用Visual MODFLOW软件,建立了某地下水封石油洞库无水幕和有水幕条件下的三维地下水数值模拟模型,模拟了地下水封石油洞库区的渗流场。利用所建模型预报了2种条件下涌入地下水封石油洞库的涌水量、区域地下水降落漏斗扩展情况及洞库上方地下水位变化情况等。由预测结果可知,2种条件下洞库涌水量均逐渐减小并趋于稳定,而有水幕条件下的地下漏斗扩展范围和速度均比无水幕条件小;在洞库开挖初期水幕作用较小,随时间延长作用愈加明显,因此水幕系统在保证地下水封石油洞库的储油安全和保护周围地下水资源方面都起到重要作用。  相似文献   

Genesis of Geothermal Fluid in Typical Geothermal Fields in Western Sichuan,China     

ZHAO Jiayi  WANG Guiling  ZHANG Cuiyun  XING Linxiao  LI Man  ZHANG Wei 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(3):873-882

The hydrogeochemical characteristics of geothermal fluids can reveal the genesis of geothermal systems and act as important references for developing and using geothermal resources.This study presents hydrogeochemical processes and thermal cycle mechanisms of typical geothermal fields in Western Sichuan.Based on the geological conditions in Western Sichuan,29 hot springs in three geothermal fields in the Batang and Litang areas were selected for hydrochemical and isotopic (δD andδ~(18)O) analyses.Furthermore,the temperature of the thermal reservoir was calculated and the upflow cooling process of the hot springs was analyzed.Most of the subterranean hot waters in Batang and Litang are of the HCO_3-Na hydrochemical type.The ion variation in Batang is primarily affected by water-rock interactions.There is a strong positive correlation between Na~+,B~-,and Cl~-in Litang,suggesting that they have the same material source.The Na~+and metaboric acid content is relatively high,which indicates that the groundwater runoff in both areas is relatively long-lasting,with reduced flow velocity;moreover,the metasilicic acid content is relatively high,which supports this conclusion.Both hydrogen and oxygen isotopes plot near the atmospheric precipitation line,indicating that groundwater recharge is functionally obtained from precipitation.The calculated thermal storage temperatures in Batang and Litang were 88–199°C and 96–154°C,respectively.The proportion of cold water mixing in Batang was 64%–67%,while that in Litang was 60%–68%.According to the calculated results,the initial thermal cycle depth of the Batang area (4540–4780 m) was greater than that of the Litang area (3150–3960 m).The enthalpy of the deep parental geothermal fluid in Batang was 1550 J/g with a Cl~-concentration of 37 mg/L,while that in Litang was 2100 J/g with a Cl~-concentration of 48 mg/L.  相似文献   

Geochemical evidence of paleogeography and paleoclimate during deposition of the 2nd Member of Kongdian Formation in Kongnan area     

Qinghua YAN  Jing SUN  Xudong ZHANG  Qinglong MENG  Man WANG 《世界地质(英文版)》2007,10(1)

The 2nd Member of Kongdian Formation has been made up of a large number of oil shale and mudstone in the Kongnan aera of Huanghua depression around the Bohai Bay. In the Kongnan area, the lake basins were very large and deep during the deposition of the 2nd Member of Kongdian Formation. During that period,the lakes were sealed, uncommunieated with the sea water and the paleoclimate was very warm and wet in Kongnan area. Analyzing the content of the trace element and the rare earth element, carbon and oxygen isotope in the disquisition, The authors prove the two views correct.  相似文献   

利用高分辨率TerraSAR-X影像监测唐山矿地面沉降     

张晓博  赵学胜  葛大庆  刘斌  张玲  王艳  李曼 《大地测量与地球动力学》2017,37(5):507-510

利用2012-12~2014-02获取的13景高分辨率TerraSAR-X影像,采用PSI时序分析技术监测唐山矿地面沉降。该技术以短时空基线为准则生成47幅差分干涉图,选择强度稳定性和频谱相干性较高的相干目标进行时间序列分析,基于最小二乘法获取唐山矿区域相干目标的地面下沉速率和沉降时间序列。结果表明,唐山矿有两个地面沉降中心,分别位于矿区东北和西部方向,最大沉降速率达58.2 mm/a;2013-06~09矿区出现回弹现象,而在其他时间段内地面呈近似线性下沉。通过对比高程误差改正前后的直方图可以发现,本文采用的两次回归分析方法对降低地形残余误差有很好的应用效果。  相似文献   

孪井灌区主要作物节水灌溉模式的研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

刘贯群  朱新军  王淑英  陈浩  韩曼 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,36(5):809-816

根据内蒙古孪井滩灌区的自然地理、地质和水文地质条件,在室内外模拟试验的基础上,利用VS2DT模型对灌溉入渗水的运移进行了模拟,计算了现有灌溉量下的渗漏量,提出了灌区春小麦和夏玉米的节水灌溉模式。春小麦第一次灌溉的节水灌溉量为150 mm,第二次灌水的节水灌溉量为97.5 mm,以后4次灌水的灌溉量在60~75 mm之间。夏玉米第一次灌水的灌溉量也以150 mm为宜,以后5次灌溉量分别以127.5 mm,90.0 mm,97.5 mm,82.5 mm及67.5 mm为宜。此灌溉模式不仅能够节约水资源,而且能够防止土壤次生盐渍化的发展。  相似文献   

基于遥感影像的武汉市2003～2015年城区扩张及驱动力分析     

李俊  马滕  陈曼  张智颖  刘行 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(4)

以Landsat TM/OLI遥感影像为数据源,将武汉市土地利用分类情况主要分为建成区、植被、水体三类.通过统计对比2003～2015年的各类土地面积变化发现,武汉市建成区的面积呈逐年增加的趋势.结合分析各类统计数据得出影响武汉市城区扩张的驱动力因子中,地理环境、交通因素和人口因素为其扩张的基础条件,经济结构的转变是推动主城区向外扩张的内在动力,宏观规划政策的调控起着外在的引导作用.  相似文献   

新疆DOGRAFS_3km夏季预报试验与分析     

琚陈相  李曼  杜娟  李红军  李火青  刘军建 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2017,11(6):9-16

为了提升新疆区域数值天气预报模式的精细化预报能力,基于目前业务应用的沙漠绿洲戈壁区域同化预报系统(Desert Oasis Gobi Regional Assimilation Forecast System,简称DOGRAFS),搭建了DOGRAFS_3 km运行系统,将2016年7月作为预报检验月份,对比分析了目前业务化运行的DOGRAFS_9 km与新搭建的DOGRAFS_3 km系统的短期、短临预报效果,并针对7月31日—8月2日的降水过程进行对比。结果表明:(1)3 km分辨率系统的地面温度、风基本气象要素的预报效果整体要优于9 km系统;(2)从不同层次上的位势高度、温度、风要素预报结果看,3 km系统在925、850、700、500 h Pa预报效果优于9 km系统,300 h Pa和200 h Pa略差于9 km系统;(3)降水检验看,3 km分辨率系统在降水时段、落区和量级等方面的效果均好于9 km系统,尤其是对中量和大量级降水的预报,3 km分辨率系统与9 km系统的降水预报能力均有限。(4)通过用加密自动站的降水量监测值检验分析得知,对于典型降水过程的的过程降水落区、24 h降水落区、以及6 h降水落区的预报,3 km分辨率系统的预报效果更好。综合2016年夏季代表月份的预报以及一次强降水过程的对比分析结果,DOGRAFS_3 km系统在夏季的整体预报性能优于DOGRAFS_9 km,推进DOGRAFS_3 km高分辨率系统建设尤为必要。  相似文献   

Gamma emitters in Hong Kong water     

Shun-Yin Lau  Chung-Keung Man  Wai-Kwok Ng  Shui-Chun Au 《Environmental Geology》1990,16(2):129-131

Water samples, representing seawater, river water, reservoir water, drinking water, and underground water were studied through gamma-ray spectral analysis. Only gamma emitters in the²³⁸U and²³²Th series and⁴⁰K were detected. No fission product was detected with specific activity above 0.1 Bq/kg. The present data could be the baseline for future monitoring of the radioactivity released from a nuclear plant being built at a 50-km distance from Hong Kong. The variation of detected specific activities may be due to geological differences and the effect of plants.  相似文献   

三肇凹陷扶余油层致密油资源评价与参数研究          下载免费PDF全文

郑曼  王社教  王瑞  汪少勇  陈宁生 《地质科学》2016,(1):177-188

松辽盆地三肇凹陷扶余油层发育河流-浅水三角洲环境下形成的低渗透致密砂岩储集层,已发现的探明储量以常规砂岩储层中的岩性油藏为主。剩余资源以赋存于孔隙度小于10%、渗漏率小于1×10^-3 μm²储集层中的致密油为主。本文分析三肇凹陷扶余油层致密油成藏条件,采用致密油的资源评价方法(小面元容积法、资源丰度类比法及EUR类比法)对研究区源下致密油资源进行评价,并初步估算青山口组一段泥岩的生烃量,获取了泉四段致密油的地质资源量、运聚系数、最终可采资源量、可采系数、地质资源丰度和可采资源丰度等关键参数,这类参数代表了松辽盆地源下致密油资源评价的关键参数,对评价其它地区相同类型的致密油具有借鉴意义。  相似文献