Changes in zoobenthic community structure after pollution abatement from fish farms in the Archipelago Sea (N. Baltic Sea)     

Kraufvelin P  Sinisalo B  Leppäkoski E  Mattila J  Bonsdorff E 《Marine environmental research》2001,51(3):229-245

Long-term changes in sediment macrofauna communities at two sites affected by fish farming in the Archipelago Sea, south-west Finland have been investigated. Sampling stations in the S?rk?nsalmi Strait and Kaukolanlahti Bay, previously investigated 1982-1991, were revisited in 1994, 1995 and 1998 to detect signs of recovery following a decrease in organic load since 1990 and 1991, respectively. The results indicate a partial recovery in S?rk?nsalmi during post-pollution years, whereas no improvement has taken place in Kaukolanlahti. The improvement in S?rk?nsalmi is shown by a significant increase in the number of species and total abundance, and by the community structures becoming more similar over time. On the other hand, a significantly decreased number of species, abundance and biomass values over time as well as the occurrence of defaunated anoxic sediments, are clear signs of continued deterioration in Kaukolanlahti. Differences in the recovery potential of the two water areas are interpreted as consequences of topography and water exchange patterns causing differences in oxygen saturation.  相似文献   

Measurement of a Peak in the Cosmic Microwave Background Power Spectrum from the North American Test Flight of Boomerang     

Mauskopf PD  Ade PA  de Bernardis P  Bock JJ  Borrill J  Boscaleri A  Crill BP  DeGasperis G  De Troia G  Farese P  Ferreira PG  Ganga K  Giacometti M  Hanany S  Hristov VV  Iacoangeli A  Jaffe AH  Lange AE  Lee AT  Masi S  Melchiorri A  Melchiorri F  Miglio L  Montroy T  Netterfield CB  Pascale E  Piacentini F  Richards PL  Romeo G  Ruhl JE  Scannapieco E  Scaramuzzi F  Stompor R  Vittorio N 《The Astrophysical journal》2000,536(2):L59-L62

We describe a measurement of the angular power spectrum of anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at scales of 0&fdg;3 to 5 degrees from the North American test flight of the Boomerang experiment. Boomerang is a balloon-borne telescope with a bolometric receiver designed to map CMB anisotropies on a long-duration balloon flight. During a 6 hr test flight of a prototype system in 1997, we mapped more than 200 deg(2) at high Galactic latitudes in two bands centered at 90 and 150 GHz with a resolution of 26&arcmin; and 16&farcm;5 FWHM, respectively. Analysis of the maps gives a power spectrum with a peak at angular scales of 1 degrees with an amplitude 70 μK(CMB).  相似文献   

The Discovery of a Second Field Methane Brown Dwarf from Sloan Digital Sky Survey Commissioning Data     

Tsvetanov ZI  Golimowski DA  Zheng W  Geballe TR  Leggett SK  Ford HC  Davidsen AF  Uomoto A  Fan X  Knapp GR  Strauss MA  Brinkmann J  Lamb DQ  Newberg HJ  Rechenmacher R  Schneider DP  York DG  Lupton RH  Pier JR  Annis J  Csabai I  Hindsley RB  Ivesic Z  Munn JA  Thakar AR  Waddell P 《The Astrophysical journal》2000,531(1):L61-L65

We report the discovery of a second field methane brown dwarf from the commissioning data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The object, SDSS J134646.45-003150.4 (hereafter SDSS 1346-00), was selected because of its very red color and stellar appearance. Its spectrum between 0.8 and 2.5 μm is dominated by strong absorption bands of H2O and CH4 and closely mimics those of Gliese 229B and SDSS 162414.37+002915.6 (hereafter SDSS 1624+00), two other known methane brown dwarfs. SDSS 1346-00 is approximately 1.5 mag fainter than Gliese 229B, suggesting that it lies about 11 pc from the Sun. The ratio of flux at 2.1 μm to that at 1.27 μm is larger for SDSS 1346-00 than for Gliese 229B and SDSS 1624+00, which suggests that SDSS 1346-00 has a slightly higher effective temperature than the others. Based on a search area of 130 deg2 and a detection limit of z*=19.8, we estimate a space density of 0.05 pc-3 for methane brown dwarfs with Teff approximately 1000 K in the 40 pc3 volume of our search. This estimate is based on small-sample statistics and should be treated with appropriate caution.  相似文献   

Clump Giant Distance to the Magellanic Clouds and Anomalous Colors in the Galactic Bulge     

Popowski P 《The Astrophysical journal》2000,535(1):L9-L12

Weak gravitational lensing observations probe the spectrum and evolution of density fluctuations and the cosmological parameters that govern them, but they are currently limited to small fields and subject to selection biases. We show how the expected signal from large-scale structure arises from the contributions from and correlations between individual halos. We determine the convergence power spectrum as a function of the maximum halo mass and so provide the means to interpret results from surveys that lack high-mass halos either through selection criteria or small fields. Since shot noise from rare massive halos is mainly responsible for the sample variance below 10&arcmin;, our method should aid our ability to extract cosmological information from small fields.  相似文献   

秦岭-大别-苏鲁造山带白垩纪以来的抬升冷却史——低温年代学数据约束   总被引：11，自引：4，他引：11  

胡圣标 郝杰付明希  吴维平汪集旸 《岩石学报》2005,21(4):1167-1173

总计100个新的磷灰石裂变径迹数据提供了从整体上探讨晚中生代以来抬升冷却史的年代学数据。这些切过东秦岭至黄陵背斜、穿过桐柏至扬子前陆冲断带以及大别和苏鲁超高压变质岩带,南秦岭的裂变径迹年龄与扬子内的黄陵背斜相似,而北秦岭则与桐柏-大别-苏鲁相当。从北秦岭到大别,裂变径迹年龄趋于减小,但过郯庐断裂到苏鲁则略有增加。与我国西部造山带裂变径迹年龄格局相较,桐柏-大别-苏鲁带与西部各造山带显然不是处于同一挤压变形体制下。相对于超高压岩石早期快速的阶段性抬升,即岩浆活动期(～120Ma)后的抬升要和缓得多;相对于其它地质单元,扬子前陆冲断带、黄陵背斜和南秦岭在岩浆活动期后即抬升冷却到了磷灰石裂变径迹封闭温度(～110℃)对应的深度。基于裂变径迹数据和相关Ar/Ar 和 K-Ar 数据进行的冷却史模拟结果显示:全区均表现为相似的三阶段冷却过程:(1)白垩纪早期开始快速抬升至磷灰石裂变径迹退火带的冷却阶段;(2)随后的处于部分退火带的缓慢冷却阶段;(3)上新世以来的加速抬升过程。现今的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄格局基本上受控于白垩纪的快速抬升冷却事件,但最后为晚期活动断裂所定格。  相似文献   

奥斯特/GPS掩星与地面雷达联合观测电离层电子密度的初步结果   总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7  

张训械  P.Hoeg  G.B.Larsen  Stig Syndergaard  Martin B.S  Jakob G.R  S.Fukao  Kiyoshi lgarashi  Seiji Kawamura 《全球定位系统》2000,(3)

1999年2月丹麦发射了一颗奥斯特小卫星,它装载了两台GPS接收机,其中一台用于电离层和中性大气掩星测量,另一台用于自主定位。本文给出了1999年10月奥斯特/GPS掩星与日本MU雷达和数字测高仪的联合观测结果。奥斯特掩星反演得到的电子密度剖面与地面雷达观测的进行了比较,结果表明:天基和地基雷达观测的电子密度是一致的。文章还给出利用GPS的单频信号反演电离层电子密度剖面技术和3维射线追踪技术模拟掩星结果。  相似文献   

ROCESSES OF EPHEMERAL GULLY EROSION   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Javier Casali 《国际泥沙研究》2000,(1)

IINTRoDUCTIONEphemeralgulliesaresmallerosionalchannelsonagriculturalIandscapescausedbytheconcentrationofoverlandflowtypicallybetweentwoopposingslopes(ahollow),oftenformedduringasingIerainfaIlevent.Sincethescouredsoilvolumeisnotverylargewithinthesegullies,farmerscaneasilyrefillthem.Ingeneral,ephemeralgulliescanreappearatornearthesamelocationonayearlybasisbecausethesurfacetopograPhyofthefielddoesnotchangeappreciably.Mostephemeralgulliesoccuroncultivatedfieldswithhighlyerodiblesoils,withlit…  相似文献   

SEDIMENT TRANSPORT PROCESSES IN AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS     

Roger A. Kuhnle  Sean J. Bennett  Carlos V. Alonso  Ronald L. Bingner  Eddy Langendoen 《国际泥沙研究》2000,(2)

lINTR0DUCTI0NTheerosion,transportanddep0siti0nofsedimentinawatershedarepallofthenaturalsystemofwatershedprocesses.InanundistUrbedwatershed,s0ilsinuplandareasaregraduallyeroded,transportCdforsomedistanceandeventuallydepositedatlowereIevations.WhenwatershedsaredistUrbedbyhumanactivitiessuchasclearingofvegetation,urbaniZati0n,orotherchangesthataffectthelandscaPe,unstablechannelswithlocallyhighratesoferosion,transport,0rdepositionofsedimentoftenaretheresult.Theimpact0fer0sionisespeciallyhigh…  相似文献   

SHRIMP U-Pb Dating of Zircons of a Dark Eclogite and aGarnet-bearing Gneissic Granitic Rock from Bixiling, EasternDabie Area, Anhui Province: Isotope Chronological Evidenceof Neoproterozoic UHP Metamorphism     

CHENG Yuqi  LIU Dunyi  I.S. WILLIAMS  JIAN Ping  ZHUANG Yuxun  GAO Tianshan Institute of Geology  Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences  Barwanzhuang Rd.  Beijing  China Research School of Earth Sciences  Australian National University  G.P.O Box  Canberr  A.C.T.  Australia Anhui Geological Survey  Changjiangdong Rd.  Hefei  Anhui  China 《《地质学报》英文版》2000,74(4):748-765

The paper reports SHRIMP U-Pb zircon data of a dark eclogite and a post-eclogite garnet-bearing gneissic granitic rock from the Bixiling area, Yuexi County, Anhui Province, in the eastern Dabie Mountains. The eclogite, which is metamorphosed basic tuff, contains very scarce zircons in omphacite or garnet, but more zircons in quartz. They usually exhibit a double-layered texture, as shown clearly in cathodoluminescence images. Their inner main parts give a 206Pb/238U age of 757±7 Ma, representing the approximate age of the high-pressure (HP)- ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic event during which the eclogite was formed. The outer peripheral parts of the zircons, which have been modified by late-stage fluids, give an age of 223±3 Ma. The granitic rock contains more zircons of anatectic origin found mostly in feldspar and quartz and usually also showing a similar composite texture. The inner main parts of the anatectic zircons with oscillatory zoning give a 206Pb/238U age of 727±15 Ma for the approxim  相似文献   

Uraniferous Black Shale and Related Uranium Mineralization Features in South China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHANG Qiuying Bureau of Geology  China National Nuclear Corporation  P.O. Box  Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2000,74(3):602-604

: Black shales are marine sediments with argillaceous, silty and siliceous compositions and high contents of organic materials, disseminated pyrite and uranium. Uraniferous black shale has uranium content of more than 20 ppm.Black shales are widely distributed in 17 provinces or autonomous regions in northwestern and southern-central China. Their sedimentary ages are from the Sinian to the Tertiary and uraniferous black shales are mainly exposed in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, and Zhejiang provinces and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the economically significant uranium deposits associated with black shale occur in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Uranium mineralization associated with black shale has the following main features: (1) forming stratabound deposits; (2) controlled by structures such as interlayer and intersected faults and fractures; (3) associated with different ore-forming processes such as leaching and hydrothermal reworking; (4)  相似文献