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Malick Wade Guy Caniaux Yves duPenhoat Marcus Dengler Hervé Giordani Rebecca Hummels 《Ocean Dynamics》2011,61(1):1-20
A one-dimensional model is used to analyze, at the local scale, the response of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean under different
meteorological conditions. The study was performed at the location of three moored buoys of the Pilot Research Moored Array
in the Tropical Atlantic located at 10° W, 0° N; 10° W, 6° S; and 10° W, 10° S. During the EGEE-3 (Etude de la circulation
océanique et de sa variabilité dans le Golfe de Guinee) campaign of May–June 2006, each buoy was visited for maintenance during
2 days. On board the ship, high-resolution atmospheric parameters were collected, as were profiles of temperature, salinity,
and current. These data are used here to initialize, force, and validate a one-dimensional model in order to study the diurnal
oceanic mixed-layer variability. It is shown that the diurnal variability of the sea surface temperatures is mainly driven
by the solar heat flux. The diurnal response of the near-surface temperatures to daytime heating and nighttime cooling has
an amplitude of a few tenths of degree. The computed diurnal heat budget experiences a net warming tendency of 31 and 27 W m−2 at 0° N and 10° S, respectively, and a cooling tendency of 122 W m−2 at 6° S. Both observed and simulated mixed-layer depths experience a jump between the nighttime convection phase and the
well-stabilized diurnal water column. Its amplitude changes dramatically depending on the meteorological conditions occurring
at the stations and reaches its maximum amplitude (~50 m) at 10° S. At 6° and 10° S, the presence of barrier layers is observed,
a feature that is clearer at 10° S. Simulated turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) dissipation rates, compared to independent microstructure
measurements, show that the model tracks their diurnal evolution reasonably well. It is also shown that the shear and buoyancy
productions and the vertical diffusion of TKE all contribute to the supply of TKE, but the buoyancy production is the main
source of TKE during the period of the simulation. 相似文献
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A low cost electronic apparatus is presented, which increases considerably the useful frequency range of mechanical floating type tide-gauges. The detection and the measurement of sea level oscillations in the range of 5 to 60 min is then possible. In a preliminary application, the presence in the Gulf of Genoa of shelf oscillations, predicted by a numerical model, have been detected. 相似文献
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L. Papa 《Geophysical Journal International》1983,75(3):659-667
Summary. A depth-integrated hydrodynamical model of the Ligurian Sea has shown the existence of a seiche motion of the basin with a 5.8 hr period. This result was obtained by using an open model boundary from Nice, France to Calvi, Corsica and an artificial solid boundary from Corsica to Elba and the Italian mainland. This seiche has been identified with a 5.8 hr period wave which was revealed in the sea-level variations at Genoa and Imperia. 相似文献
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Two mathematical models of surface gravity wave refraction were applied to a coastal area of the northern Ligurian Sea. A series of refraction patterns was computed by means of wave data recorded at a moored platform operating 1.5 miles off the harbour of Genoa. The numerical calculations provided an effect of wave energy concentration near Chiavari and Lavagna where coastal structures and beaches are often damaged during storm surges. 相似文献
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Climate change is a serious threat to all nations. This raises the question of why continuous treaty negotiations for more than two decades have failed to create a viable or adequate international climate regime. The current strategy of addressing climate change misdiagnoses the issue as a pollution problem by focusing on symptoms (emissions) and not on underlying causes (unsustainable development). In short, the wrong treaty is being negotiated. Drawing on negotiation analysis, it is argued that the existing and proposed climate treaties fail to meet the national interests of any party. An alternative strategy for addressing climate change is proposed that reframes the overall approach to reflect all countries’ development needs and links climate protection goals to the development structure of the treaty. The current deadlock over emissions reductions might be overcome and a mutual gains agreement reached by directing international cooperation towards promoting the provision of clean energy services for development and ensuring universal access to those services as part of an ‘early action’ agenda that will complement efforts to utilize forests and reduce other GHGs from multiple sectors. 相似文献
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Chaitanya Akurathi Venkata Sai Vialard Jérôme Lengaigne Matthieu d’Ovidio Francesco Riotte Jean Papa Fabrice James Rathinam Arthur 《Ocean Dynamics》2021,71(11-12):1113-1139
Ocean Dynamics - We use satellite-derived currents and a Lagrangian approach to investigate the redistribution of the precipitation minus evaporation (P-E) and river freshwater inputs into Bay of... 相似文献
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A theoretical model is proposed to describe the evolution of damage in brittle materials, such as concrete and masonry, subjected to increasing or sustained stresses of relatively high intensity. The model is based on the introduction of suitable damage variables in a rheological model. In this way, it is possible to describe the material behaviour under stresses either increasing or constant in time. The capabilities of the model in describing the mechanical response of material elements subjected to different stress histories are illustrated. Some correlations with experimental data from tests performed on masonry and concrete specimens are presented, to assess the reliability of the theoretical predictions. The results of some numerical applications to non‐proportional stress paths are also illustrated. Finally, the limitations of the proposal are discussed and possible further improvements are envisaged. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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