Numerical modeling of three‐phase dissolution of underground cavities using a diffuse interface model     

H. Luo  F. Laouafa  J. Guo  M. Quintard 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2014,38(15):1600-1616

Natural evaporite dissolution in the subsurface can lead to cavities having critical dimensions in the sense of mechanical stability. Geomechanical effects may be significant for people and infrastructures because the underground dissolution may lead to subsidence or collapse (sinkholes). The knowledge of the cavity evolution in space and time is thus crucial in many cases. In this paper, we describe the use of a local nonequilibrium diffuse interface model for solving dissolution problems involving multimoving interfaces within three phases, that is, solid–liquid–gas as found in superficial aquifers and karsts. This paper generalizes developments achieved in the fluid–solid case, that is, the saturated case [1]. On one hand, a local nonequilibrium dissolution porous medium theory allows to describe the solid–liquid interface as a diffuse layer characterized by the evolution of a phase indicator (e.g., porosity). On the other hand, the liquid–gas interface evolution is computed using a classical porous medium two‐phase flow model involving a phase saturation, that is, generalized Darcy's laws. Such a diffuse interface model formulation is suitable for the implementation of a finite element or finite volume numerical model on a fixed grid without an explicit treatment of the interface movement. A numerical model has been implemented using a finite volume formulation with adaptive meshing (e.g., adaptive mesh refinement), which improves significantly the computational efficiency and accuracy because fine gridding may be attached to the dissolution front. Finally, some examples of three‐phase dissolution problems including density effects are also provided to illustrate the interest of the proposed theoretical and numerical framework. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Using chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and tritium (3H) to estimate groundwater age and flow velocity in Hohhot Basin,China          下载免费PDF全文

Jun Liu  Zongyu Chen  Wen Wei  Yilong Zhang  Zhenghong Li  Fuliang Liu  Hualiang Guo 《水文研究》2014,28(3):1372-1382

The concentrations of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC‐11, CFC‐12 and CFC‐113) and tritium (³H) content in groundwater were used to date groundwater age, delineate groundwater flow systems and estimate flow velocity in the Hohhot basin. The estimated young groundwater age is fallen in the bracket of 21 ~ 50 a and indicates the presence of two different age profiles and flow systems in the shallow groundwater system. Older age waters occur under the topographically low areas, where the aquifer is double‐layer aquifer system consisting of shallow unconfined‐semi‐confined aquifer and deep confined aquifer. This reflects long flow paths associated with regional flow. Groundwater (range from 21 to 34 years) in the north piedmont and east hilly areas, where the aquifer is a single‐layer aquifer consisting of alluvial fans, are typically younger than those in the low areas. The combination of CFCs dating with hydrogeological information indicates that both local and regional flow systems are present at the basin. The regional groundwater flow mainly flows from the north and east to the southwest, the local groundwater flow system occurs nearby the Hohhot city. The mean regional groundwater flow velocity of the shallow groundwater is estimated about 0.73 km/a. These findings can aid in refining hydrogeological conceptual model of the study area. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

吉林省村域尺度下居民点空间分布特征及优化重组模式   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李静  张平宇  郭蒙 《地理科学》2021,41(5):842-850

乡村聚落的空间优化与重构是提高土地资源利用效率,改善农村生产生活条件,促进乡村可持续发展的重要手段。以吉林省为例,采用核密度估计方法和景观形状指数分析了农村居民点空间分布特征,基于农户调查数据估算了吉林省不同区域的农村宅基地闲置情况,将农村居民点长期存在的“破碎化”和日益突出的“空心化”相结合,提出了在行政村尺度下农村居民点优化重组的“整小填大”新模式。结果表明：① 吉林省农村居民点规模小且零散分布,尤其中部呈破碎化分布,形态不规则,具有较大的整治潜力;② 吉林省农村宅基地平均闲置率为18.32%,西部地区最高（24.48%）,分别高于东部和中部地区约6%和12%;③“整小填大”模式可使农村居民点数量减少44.6%,增加有效耕地面积1 046.66 km²。  相似文献   

Late Cretaceous paleoclimate and paleoenvironment in the Songliao Basin,China     

Cao  Huairen  Lei  Yan  Wang  Xiaoyu  Guo  Xuelian 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2021,66(3):313-331

Journal of Paleolimnology - The Songliao Basin, northeast China, possesses an excellent Cretaceous lake sediment record that provides an opportunity to investigate Cretaceous terrestrial climate...  相似文献   

Attribution of trends in meteorological drought during 1960–2016 over the Loess Plateau,China     

GUO Mengyao  SHE Dunxian  ZHANG Liping  LI Lingcheng  YANG Zong-Liang  HONG Si 《地理学报(英文版)》2021,31(8):1123-1139

This study uses two forms of the Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI), namely the PDSI_TH(potential evapotranspiration estimated-by the Thornthwaite equation) and the PDSI_PM(potential evapotranspiration estimated by the FAO Penman-Monteith equation), to characterize the meteorological drought trends during 1960–2016 in the Loess Plateau(LP) and its four subregions. By designing a series of numerical experiments, we mainly investigated various climatic factors' contributions to the drought trends at annual, summer, and autumn time scales. Overall, the drying trend in the PDSI_TH is much larger than that in the PDSI_PM. The former is more sensitive to air temperature than precipitation, while the latter is the most sensitive to precipitation among all meteorological factors. Increasing temperature results in a decreasing trend(drying) in the PDSI_TH, which is further aggravated by decreasing precipitation, jointly leading to a relatively severe drying trend. For the PDSI_PM that considers more comprehensive climatic factors, the drying trend is partly counteracted by the declining wind speed and solar radiation. Therefore, the PDSI_PM ultimately shows a much smaller drying trend in the past decades.  相似文献   

Dynamic Prediction Model of Overburden Settlement in Deep Mining Areas based on Space–Time Relationship     

Zhao  Kang  Zhou  Yun  Yu  Xiang  Yan  Yajing  Song  Yufeng  Wang  Junqiang  Suo  Tianyuan  Guo  Xiao 《Natural Resources Research》2021,30(5):3839-3852

Natural Resources Research - Depletion of shallow mineral resources caused by deep mining has become an inevitable trend, and deep mining can increase safety accidents and geological hazards....  相似文献   

Kinetic Characteristics of CH4 Adsorption on Coals under Variable Temperature–Pressure Coupling Interaction     

Wang  Kai  Ren  Haoyang  Wang  Zhaofeng  Ma  Shujun  Wei  Junjie  Ke  Wei  Guo  Yangyang 《Natural Resources Research》2021,30(6):4597-4620

Natural Resources Research - The accurate determination of coalbed methane (CBM) content is of great significance for its development and utilization as well as for the prevention and control of...  相似文献   

基于TRMM 3B43产品的1998—2016年黄淮海平原降水时空特征研究     

郭斌  邢文雪  李云  赵佳琪  冯凯月  黄壮壮 《地理科学》2021,41(7):1285-1294

以黄淮海平原为研究区,基于59个气象站点的逐月降水数据,采用相关系数（R）、相对误差（BIAS）和均方根误差（RMSE）对TRMM 3B43降水产品的精度进行系统评估,揭示黄淮海平原降水的时空变化规律。研究表明：① TRMM 3B43产品对研究区内大部分气象站点存在轻微高估现象,总体上TRMM产品和站点数据在黄淮海平原的拟合效果较好,且月尺度的精度较年尺度高;② 1998—2016年黄淮海平原年降水和秋季降水增加明显,其余季节降水呈不同程度的减少趋势;③ 研究区降水在空间上呈从南到北递减的趋势,且南北降水差距较大。研究结果为卫星降水产品在中纬度地区水资源评估、农业生产和洪旱灾害等研究提供一定的参考。  相似文献   

基于因子分析法的河西走廊五市旅游竞争力分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

郭艳俊  杨林娟  柴洪  陈钰 《中国沙漠》2021,41(5):238-241

在对河西走廊五市旅游业发展情况进行研究的基础上,从旅游产业发展规模、产业增长潜力和产业环境等3个方面选取了28个指标,通过因子分析法对每个指标数据进行加权,然后通过定量分析法比较各城市旅游竞争力。结果表明：河西五市中,旅游竞争力顺序依次为酒泉、武威、张掖、嘉峪关、金昌。最后对河西走廊各市旅游竞争力进行了比较分析,并针对旅游竞争力的提升提出了建议。  相似文献   

Geochemical characteristics of hadal sediment in the northern Yap Trench     

Huang  Yuhuan  Sun  Chengjun  Yang  Guipeng  Yue  Xin&#;an  Jiang  Fenghua  Cao  Wei  Yin  Xiaofei  Guo  Chaonan  Niu  Jiaohong  Ding  Haibing 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2020,38(3):650-664

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Two sediment cores were retrieved in the hadal zone of the Yap Trench, and their concentrations of six major elements Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Mn and Fe and nine trace...  相似文献