三道河水库浮游生物现状及其鱼产力的估算   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王卫民  谢从新  陈昌福  苏加勋  邱发绪  周维祥 《湖泊科学》1994,6(1):46-54

本文报道1990年对三道河水库浮游生物现存量和浮游植物初级生产量的凋查结果。经初步鉴定,该水库浮蝣植物有8门39属,其中以绿藻门种类最多,占总属数的49％,其次为蓝藻和硅藻;浮游动物为37属,其中原生动物12属,轮虫13属,枝角类7属,桡足类5属。经测算,三道河水库1990年4—10月浮游植物数量和生物量分别为1139ind./L和2.085mg/L,浮游动物数量和生物量则分别为1253ind./L和1.327mg/L。浮游植物初级毛生产量平均为3.950g O_2/m~2·d。根据估算,该水库鲢鳙鱼产力为15×10~4kg左右。  相似文献   

Study of crustal thickness and poisson’s ratio of the south of Erenhot area by teleseismic receiver function          下载免费PDF全文

Lei Jiang  Yonghong Duan  Yanna Zhao  Yong Qiu  Cheng Li 《地震科学（英文版）》2018,31(4):215-223

The Xing’an Mongolian Orogenic Belt (XMOB) and the northern margin of North China Craton (NCC) have undergone multistage tectonic superimposition and the tectonic evolution is extremely complicated. We collect the teleseismic data of 44 temporary broadband seismic stations deployed in the XMOB and the northern margin of NCC to calculate the P wave receiver functions. The crustal thickness and average crustal ratio as well as the Poisson’s ratios beneath 33 stations are estimated using the H-κ stacking method. The results show: (1) the crustal thickness of the study area ranges from 38.7 to 42.7 km, with an average thickness of 41.2 km. There is a great difference in crustal thickness on both sides of Solonker suture zone. The characteristics of crustal thickness support the geodynamic model that the Paleo-Asian Ocean subducted and closed at the Solonker suture zone. (2) The Poisson’s ratios in the study area are low, ranging from 0.215 to 0.277, with an average value of 0.243, suggesting that the rock composition of the area is dominated by felsic-acid rocks. (3) There exists a negative correlation between the Poisson’s ratio and the crustal thickness. Combined with the lower values of Poisson’s ratio, we speculate that the delamination is the major mechanism in crustal extension and thinning in the study area.  相似文献   

Rupture imaging of the 25 April 2015 M_W7.9 Nepal earthquake from back-projection of teleseismic P waves          下载免费PDF全文

Yong Qiu  Qiaoxia Liu 《地震科学（英文版）》2018,31(4):199-207

The M_W7.9 Nepal earthquake of 25 April 2015 had over 8, 500 fatalities and was the most destructive earthquake in Nepal since the Bihar-Nepal earthquake in 1934. In this study, we imaged the rupture process of this Nepal event by back-projecting the teleseismic P-wave energy recorded at the three regional networks in Alaska, Australia and Europe. The back-projection images of the three subarrays revealed that the Nepal earthquake propagated along the strike in a southeast direction over a distance of ~ 160–170 km with the duration of ~ 50–55 s. The rupture process was found to be a simple, unilateral event with a near constant velocity of 3.3 km/s. The beam power was mainly distributed in the geographic region just north of Kathmandu and the peak intensity for the source time function curve occurred at about 30 s. The earthquake was destructive due to its occurrence at shallow depth (~ 12–15 km) and the fact that the capital lies in a basin of soft sediment. Additionally, the resonance effect for the longer period waves that occurred in the Kathmandu valley led to destructive aggravation, impacting mainly the taller buildings.  相似文献   

Shake table study on precast segmental concrete double-column piers     

Zhanghua  Xia  Jiping  Ge  Youqin  Lin  Faqiang  Qiu 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2020,19(3):705-723

Seismic capacity, including the ultimate load-carrying capacity and ultimate deformation capacity of precast segmental concrete double-column(PSCDC) piers with steel sleeve(SS) connection or grouted corrugated-metal duct(GCMD) connection, has been verified to be similar to those of cast-in-place(CIP) piers by quasi-static tests. However, the lack of knowledge of seismic response characteristics and damage process of PSCDC piers has limited their application in high-intensity seismic areas. Therefore, shake table tests, using variable types and intensities of seismic ground motions, were performed to investigate the seismic behavior of connection joints and to evaluate the seismic performance of PSCDC piers with SS and GCMD connections. Also, a finite element analysis(FEA) model was developed to study the influence of design parameters on the seismic behavior of the piers. The results showed that the main damage in PSCDC piers was caused by the cyclic opening and closing of connection joints. Under high-intensity ground motions, the PSCDC piers had a lower seismic performance than the CIP piers due to a significant decrease of their integrity and stiffness. The seismic performance of PSCDC piers is comparable to CIP piers when using an appropriate initial stress of the prestressing tendons.  相似文献   

贵州喀斯特环境粮食生产能力及人口容量研究——以息烽县为例   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

蔡秋  卢兰 《中国岩溶》1996,15(4):391-397

本文以息烽县为代表论述了喀斯特环境农业生产的气候和土地资源特点,探讨了喀斯特生态环境粮食作物生产能力估算模型的建立、修正和应用及土地人口容量,认为限制喀斯特生态环境粮食作物生产能力的主要因子是土肥和水分条件。要改善喀斯特生态环境状况,必须增加农田投入,加强林业和水利设施建设,严格控制人口增长速度和对超载人口实行迁移   相似文献   

Shake table test and numerical study of self‐centering steel frame with SMA braces          下载免费PDF全文

Canxing Qiu  Songye Zhu 《地震工程与结构动力学》2017,46(1):117-137

Given their excellent self‐centering and energy‐dissipating capabilities, superelastic shape memory alloys (SMAs) become an emerging structural material in the field of earthquake engineering. This paper presents experimental and numerical studies on a scaled self‐centering steel frame with novel SMA braces (SMAB), which utilize superelastic Ni–Ti wires. The braces were fabricated and cyclically characterized before their installation in a two‐story one‐bay steel frame. The equivalent viscous damping ratio and ‘post‐yield’ stiffness ratio of the tested braces are around 5% and 0.15, respectively. In particular, the frame was seismically designed with nearly all pin connections, including the pinned column bases. To assess the seismic performance of the SMA braced frame (SMABF), a series of shake table tests were conducted, in which the SMABF was subjected to ground motions with incremental seismic intensity levels. No repair or replacement of structural members was performed during the entire series of tests. Experimental results showed that the SMAB could withstand several strong earthquakes with very limited capacity degradation. Thanks to the self‐centering capacity and pin‐connection design, the steel frame was subjected to limited damage and zero residual deformation even if the peak interstory drift ratio exceeded 2%. Good agreement was found between the experimental results and numerical simulations. The current study validates the prospect of using SMAB as a standalone seismic‐resisting component in critical building structures when high seismic performance or earthquake resilience is desirable under moderate and strong earthquakes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

九寨沟M_S7.0地震对巴颜喀拉块体东北缘活动断裂影响的有限元模拟     

石富强  朱琳  王莹  丁晓光  邱玉荣  石军 《中国地震》2017,33(4):463-470

在详细调研地震地质资料的基础上,构建了巴颜喀拉地块东北缘三维有限元模型。以九寨沟M_S7.0地震同震位错为荷载,模拟计算了九寨沟地震的发生对巴颜喀拉块体东北缘主要活动断裂加卸载效应的影响。模拟结果显示,九寨沟地震的发生对龙日坝断裂、虎牙断裂、青川-平武断裂西段、迭部-白龙江断裂西段和东段、临潭-宕昌断裂东段,以及处于甘青川交界危险区内的东昆仑断裂东段、塔藏断裂西段,处于六盘山南-西秦岭东危险区的西秦岭北缘断裂东段表现为库仑应力加载;对岷江断裂、塔藏断裂东段库仑应力卸载效应显著。  相似文献   

浙江省地震观测台站综合防雷系统升级     

张明  李慧峰  吕奥博  邱晓宇 《地震地磁观测与研究》2017,38(3):175-179

以2014年浙江省地震局5个地震台站进行综合防雷系统升级改造为例,阐述浙江省数字观测台站雷击隐患,从配电系统、接地系统、通信系统和综合布线等方面出发,结合台站实际情况,对地质环境特殊的台站进行针对性防护,总结此次防雷系统改造的实际效果,分析不足之处,提出后续改造建议。  相似文献   

基于GPS技术的2016年呼图壁M_S6.2地震形变特征研究     

朱治国  秦姗兰  李杰  刘代芹  李桂荣  方伟  杨磊 《内陆地震》2019,(2):97-104

利用2013~2017年3期GPS观测资料,通过结合区域构造背景分析呼图壁MS6.2地震震中及附近区域水平运动速率、主应变率、面膨胀率及最大剪应变率动态变化特征。结果表明,呼图壁地震前发震构造南部区域地壳速率高于北部区域运动速率,造成发震构造两盘运动速率不同,地壳能量积蓄。呼图壁地震释放了区域积蓄的应变能量,由于区域构造因素,影响范围较小。震前震中附近区域处于压缩环境,易于聚集应变能量;震时震中区出现面膨胀等值线密集高梯度带,是地壳应变能量交换和释放剧烈区域。震中区最大剪应变变化不大,反映呼图壁地震逆冲性质,最大剪应变高值区对地震危险性有预示作用。  相似文献   

Temporal and spatial changes of blue water and green water in the Taihang Mountain Region,China, in the past 60 years     

Junkai Du  Chunfeng Hao  Yaqin Qiu  Cunwen Niu  Huan Liu 《水文科学杂志》2019,64(16):2040-2056

ABSTRACT

Appropriate allocation of limited freshwater resources to humans and ecosystems is an important issue hampering sustainable development in mountainous regions. The Taihang Mountain Region (TMR), including the Yellow and Hai river basins, is an important water source area for the North China Plain. The distributed hydrological model Water and Energy transfer Processes in Large river basins (WEP-L) was used to simulate the water cycle processes and to summarize the temporal and spatial changes in the blue and green water in the TMR from 1956 to 2015. The results show that in the period 2011–2015 the annual average blue water decreased by 7.31 × 10⁹ m³, while the annual average green water increased by 13.60 × 10⁹ m³ compared to 1956–1960. At the inter-annual time scale, the blue water exhibited a downward trend while the green water exhibited an upward trend. The amount of seasonal blue water in the TMR is ranked in descending order: summer, autumn, spring and winter, while for green water, the rank is summer, spring, autumn and winter. The amounts of blue and green water are higher on the windward than on the leeward slopes. The blue water yield is generally higher in forests and grasslands than in farmland, while the green water exhibits the opposite response. A greater emphasis should be placed on the widening gap between blue water and green water due to climate warming, and on soil and water conservation measures.  相似文献