LARGE-SCALE CIRCULATION CONDITIONS AFFECTINGTHE TYPHOON FORMATION OVER THENORTHWEST PACIFIC   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

丁一汇  ELMAR R. RBITBr 《海洋学报(英文版)》1984,3(3):327-338

A contrasting study of the large-scale circulation features responsible for months with many typhoons and months with tew typhoons has revealed that the frequency of typhoon formation over the Northwest Pacific is related to the following conditions:Over the Northwest Pacific, a well-defined ITCZ (Intertropical Convergence Zone) extending eastward to 160°E was displaced to 20°N. At 200 mb, an extensive anomalous anticyclonic circulation prevails over the western and central Pacific. The condition characteristic of a break in the monsoon prevailed in India. The monsoon trough at 500 mb and at the surface over the Indian Peninsula was relatively weak and was accompanied by higher-than-normal rainfall in the northern part of India and lower-than-normal rainfall over the peninsula. In addition, the polar vortex tends to be weak and move to the side of the Northern Hemisphere, opposite to the North Pacific. Finally, abnormally warm water was observed over the Central and Eastern Pacific and abnormally cold  相似文献   

AN ECOSYSTEM MODEL ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF MINE TAILINGS ON THE EUPHOTIC ZONE OF A PELAGIC ECOSYSTEM   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

T. R. PARSONS  T. A. KESSLER  LI GUANGUO 《海洋学报(英文版)》1986,5(3):425-436

A computer analysis was performed on experimental results obtained when mine tailings were added to seawater. The Mixed Upper-Layer Ecotrophie Simulation (MULES) model was tested by changing the extinction coefficient and the abundance of heterotrophic zooflagellates. Increasing the extinction coefficient resulted in a delay of phytoplankton growth, an increase in zooplankton standing stock and better growth of autotrophic flagellates compared with diatoms. Zooflagellates in the ecosystem influence the growth of zooplankton; secondary production by zooplankton was markedly depressed at low levels of zooflagellates. These results are believed to be of general significance for the diagnosis of suspended sediment effects on planktonic ecosystems.  相似文献   

Assessing degradation capability of aerobic indigenous microflora in PAH-contaminated brackish sediments     

Abbondanzi F  Campisi T  Focanti M  Guerra R  Iacondini A 《Marine environmental research》2005,59(5):419-434

A study was conducted to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) distribution and microbial population changes in brackish sediments from an Italian lagoon included in the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance. The presence and level of PAH-degrading bacteria were estimated by the most probable number (MPN) enumeration technique, whereas degradation capability towards target compounds was checked against loss of spiked PAHs (Phenanthrene, Anthracene and Fluoranthene) in MPN tubes after incubation in optimal conditions. Chemical analyses and microbiological counts suggested a potential for PAHs biodegradation by natural occurring populations of sediment microorganisms, thus indicating an "optimal range" in sediment PAHs concentrations, outside of which the natural selection of the indigenous microflora did not occur. The MPN procedure here described, provided an effective and reliable way to simultaneously determine microbial population densities and subsequent confirmation of the biodegradation capability of sediment indigenous microflora when exposed to laboratory and environmental concentrations of PAHs.  相似文献   

Measuring and modelling temporal trends of 226Ra in waters of a Spanish estuary affected by the phosphate industry     

Periáñez R 《Marine environmental research》2005,60(1):35-49

The presence and temporal evolution (1990-2001) of (226)Ra in a tidal estuary affected by the phosphate industry has been investigated. Water samples collected in the course of four separate sampling campaigns were analysed for (226)Ra content using a gas flow proportional counter following Ba coprecipitation. Two (226)Ra sources have been identified: direct discharges from the industrial complex and run-off from a phosphogypsum pile. Although activity levels are similar, or even higher, than those found in other environments affected by the phosphate industry, there has been a general decrease in contamination since direct discharges ceased in 1998 due to new regulations from the EU. However, sediments are now acting as a source of Ra to the water column due to redissolution processes. A numerical model of the estuary has been developed to describe quantitatively the experimental results. The model solves the hydrodynamics and the dispersion equation of (226)Ra including interactions with sediments. Model results are, in general, in good agreement with observations.  相似文献   

渔业与埃尔—尼诺预报   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑国光  杨彩福 《海洋预报》1993,10(4):65-70

埃尔－尼诺事件，不仅仅是海洋与气象的理论问题，而且已成为有商业价值的经济问题。在渔业部门已将它作为渔业管理的参数之一。本文简略地介绍埃尔－尼诺与渔业关系；而且用中国南海西沙气象台３２年的资料，根据数理统计原理，建立预报埃尔－尼诺方程。这种预报方法，便于渔业部门使用，也是一种补充预报方法。  相似文献   

Patterns of heritability of decreased EROD activity and resistance to PCB 126-induced teratogenesis in laboratory-reared offspring of killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) from a creosote-contaminated site in the Elizabeth River,VA, USA     

Meyer J  Di Giulio R 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5):621-626

Killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) from a highly contaminated site on the Elizabeth River are resistant to the acute toxicity and the cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A)-inducing activity of both the sediments from the site and chemically pure polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). These effects are highly heritable for one generation, but heritable to a lesser degree by subsequent generations, in clean conditions in the laboratory. We show that offspring of this population of Elizabeth River killifish are also resistant to the teratogenicity and P4501A-inducing activity of PCB congener 126, a prototypical coplanar halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon (HAH). Furthermore, the pattern of greater resistance to acute toxicity and P4501A-inducing activity in the first generation and less in subsequent generations is also observed upon exposure to PCB-126.  相似文献   

第十三届海洋测绘综合性学术研讨会开幕词     

杨印本 《海洋测绘》2001,(4)

各位委员、各位代表: 中国测绘学会第六届海洋测绘专业委员会第一次全体会议暨第十三届海洋测绘综合性学术研讨会现在开幕！ 出席本次会议的有来自交通部、水利部、国家海洋局、国家测绘局、中国科学院、各大专院校、科  相似文献   

大西洋中脊的热液矿泉     

R．P.VonHerzen 《海洋地质前沿》1997,(2)

在过去10年中，通过国际合作，对大西洋中肯的热液矿泉及周围地质背景进行了研究。TAG热液矿泉位于26°N，45°W，距大西洋中脊轴数公里，它是世界卜已发现的最大热液矿泉之一．这个活动的热泉位于一直径为10m的烟囱上，该烟囱位于一直径为150－200m、高40m的椭圆形硫化矿山上．在这个硫化矿山附近几公里范围内还发现了几个不活动的热泉。TAG靠近两条转换断层之间的大西洋中脊．区域重力调查表明，TAG北部的剪切带在向北漂移．分析TAG海底玄武岩表明，源岩在10－15km深处．从旁侧声纳资料看出，TAG由两个复杂的烟囱组成．近海底地球…  相似文献   

LARGE-SCALE CIRCULATION CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE HURRICANE FORMATION OVER THE NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN     

丁一汇  ELMAR R. REITER 《海洋学报(英文版)》1985,4(1):21-34

A contrasting study of the large-scale circulation features responsible for months or seasons with many hurricanes and those with few hurricanes has revealed that the frequency of hurricane formation over the North Atlantic Ocean is enhanced by the following conditions:There exists a well-developed subtropical high-pressure belt displaced to the north; a deep Icelandic low; a stronger-than-normal polar vortex with a deep polar trough dipping far southward along the eastern part of the United States; a dominant high-pressure ridge over western Canada and the United States; and a jet stream displaced northward over these regions. At 200 hPa, an anomalous anticyclonic circulation prevails over the subtropical North Atlantic. A stronger-than-normal upper easterly flow prevails. Positive sea surface temperature anomalies prevailing on a seasonal or long-term basis tend to be favorable for the formation of hurricanes.  相似文献   

新月细柱藻（Cylindrotheca closterium）种复合体研究     

李海涛  杨官品  孙颖  吴岁寒  张秀芳 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(2):287

研究并建立采自胶州湾的11株大小存在差异的新月细柱藻单克隆培养体系。对其核编码的SSU rDNA基因和叶绿体编码的rbcL基因进行了克隆和测序。序列分析表明，11株C．closterium的SSU rDNA基因和rbcL基因存在很大的序列变异。依据rhcL基因核苷酸序列推导的氨基酸残基变异则明显小于核苷酸变异。分别通过两基因核苷酸序列构建的邻接（Neighbor joining，NJ）系统发育树将11株C．closterium分成相同的6个分支（clade）。通过SSU rDNA基因构建的NJ树将所有的细柱藻聚为一支。SSU rDNA基因NJ树将细柱藻分为2个明显的支系（lineage）：支系Ⅰ由12株C．closterium组成，包括本实验分离到的全部11株C．closterium，该支系中部分节点没有得到较高的支持率（〈50％）；支系Ⅱ包括2株C．closterium和1株C．fusiformis。在rbcL基因NJ树中细柱藻也形成2个支系，11株C．closterium组成1个支系，系统树中每个节点均得到很高的支持率（〉70％）。统计分析表明，支系Ⅰ中株系间的平均遗传距离高于其它微藻种的种内变异程度，差异极显著（P〈0．01）。上述分析结果证实C．closterium实际上是1个种复合体（species complex），可以被细分为若干个种。  相似文献