Tephra stratigraphy on the North Icelandic shelf: extending tephrochronology into marine sediments off North Iceland     

Esther Ruth Gudmundsdóttir  Guðrún Larsen  Jón Eiríksson 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2012,41(4):719-734

Tephra stratigraphical and tephrochronological studies of marine core MD99‐2275 on the North Icelandic shelf have revealed 58 new tephra horizons within the last 7050 cal. a BP, bringing the total number of identified tephra layers to 76. So far, over 100 tephra layers have been identified in the entire core spanning the last 15 000 years. The majority of the newly identified tephra layers are basaltic in composition and originate from the most active volcanic systems in Iceland, namely Grímsvötn, Veidivötn‐Bárdarbunga and Katla. A total of 40 tephra layer land–sea correlations have been made within this time period, of which 16 represent absolutely dated tephra markers. In addition, two tephra marker series are revealed in the marine sediments and in the terrestrial tephra stratigraphy, located between c. 2300–2600 and between 5700–5900 years. For the last 15 000 years, 21 tephra markers have been recognized. The marine tephra layer frequency (TLF) reveals two peaks, within the last 2000 years, and between 5000 and 7000 years ago. It shows the same general characteristics as the terrestrial TLF curve in Iceland, which indicates that marine sediments can yield important information about volcanism in Iceland. This is useful in time segments in which terrestrial records are poor or non‐existent. The study contributes to a high‐resolution tephrochronological framework on the North Icelandic shelf, with core MD99‐2275 representing a potential stratotype section in the area, and for the northern North Atlantic–Nordic Seas region, as well as being an important contribution to the Lateglacial–early Holocene volcanic history of Iceland.  相似文献   

Pliocene and late Pleistocene (MIS 5e) decapod crustaceans from Santa Maria Island (Azores Archipelago: Central Atlantic): systematics,palaeoecology and palaeobiogeography     

Matúš Hyžný  Carlos S. Melo  Ricardo S. Ramalho  Ricardo Cordeiro  Patrícia Madeira  Lara Baptista  A. Cristina Rebelo  Cynthia Gómez  Alfred Uchman  Markes E. Johnson  Björn Berning  Sérgio P. Ávila 《第四纪科学杂志》2021,36(1):91-109

The presence of decapod crustaceans in the Pliocene and Pleistocene (MIS 5e) fossil record of Santa Maria Island (Azores Archipelago) is herein reviewed. Our study raises the number of fossil decapods from this island from one species to 10 taxa (three for the Pliocene and seven for the Last Interglacial). Four of these 10 taxa are reported for the first time in the fossil record, worldwide. A new species of a mud shrimp is also described (Upogebia azorensis n. sp.). Our study suggests that the Plio–Pleistocene decapod assemblages of the Azores did not differ significantly from modern ones, being dominated by species that are today widespread across the Webbnesia ecoregion, the Mediterranean Sea, and the eastern Atlantic shores, including the Azores. As far as can be judged from the limited fossil record, apparently no tropical crab species with a Cabo Verdean/Senegalese provenance reached the Azores during windows of opportunity associated with Glacial Termination 2 or with the initial setting of the Last Interglacial period. This contribution increases the total number of marine taxa reported for the Pliocene and Pleistocene outcrops of Santa Maria Island to 218 and 155, respectively, highlighting the scientific relevance of its palaeontological heritage.  相似文献   

Timing of porphyry (Cu-Mo) and base metal (Zn-Pb-Ag-Cu) mineralisation in a magmatic-hydrothermal system—Morococha district,Peru     

Honza Catchpole  Kalin Kouzmanov  Aldo Bendezú  Maria Ovtcharova  Richard Spikings  Holly Stein  Lluís Fontboté 《Mineralium Deposita》2015,50(8):895-922

  相似文献   

Orbit propagation in Minkowskian geometry     

Javier Roa  Jesús Peláez 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2015,123(1):13-43

  相似文献   

Frozen-anomaly transformation for the elliptic rendezvous problem     

Javier Roa  Jesús Peláez 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2015,121(1):61-81

  相似文献   

Identifying carbon leakage sectors in the EU ETS and implications of results     

Ingmar Juergens  Jesús Barreiro-Hurlé  Alexander Vasa 《Climate Policy》2013,13(1):89-109

  相似文献   

Top-down and bottom-up modelling to support low-carbon scenarios: climate policy implications     

Patricia Fortes  Sofia Simões  Júlia Seixas  Denise Van Regemorter  Francisco Ferreira 《Climate Policy》2013,13(3):285-304

Bottom-up and top-down models are used to support climate policies, to identify the options required to meet GHG abatement targets and to evaluate their economic impact. Some studies have shown that the GHG mitigation options provided by economic top-down and technological bottom-up models tend to vary. One reason for this is that these models tend to use different baseline scenarios. The bottom-up TIMES_PT and the top-down computable general equilibrium GEM-E3_PT models are examined using a common baseline scenario to calibrate them, and the extend of their different mitigation options and its relevant to domestic policy making are assessed. Three low-carbon scenarios for Portugal until 2050 are generated, each with different GHG reduction targets. Both models suggest close mitigation options and locate the largest mitigation potential to energy supply. However, the models suggest different mitigation options for the end-use sectors: GEM-E3_PT focuses more on energy efficiency, while TIMES_PT relies on decrease carbon intensity due to a shift to electricity. Although a common baseline scenario cannot be ignored, the models’ inherent characteristics are the main factor for the different outcomes, thereby highlighting different mitigation options.

Policy relevance

The relevance of modelling tools used to support the design of domestic climate policies is assessed by evaluating the mitigation options suggested by a bottom-up and a top-down model. The different outcomes of each model are significant for climate policy design since each suggest different mitigation options like end-use energy efficiency and the promotion of low-carbon technologies. Policy makers should carefully select the modelling tool used to support their policies. The specific modelling structures of each model make them more appropriate to address certain policy questions than others. Using both modelling approaches for policy support can therefore bring added value and result in more robust climate policy design. Although the results are specific for Portugal, the insights provided by the analysis of both models can be extended to, and used in the climate policy decisions of, other countries.  相似文献   

Analytical derivation of the probability for the escape of stars from colliding galaxies     

Pablo M. Cincotta  Juan C. Muzzio  Josué A. Núñez 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1991,52(3):263-275

We use the impulse approximation to derive analytical formulae for the escape probability from a simple binary system that interacts with a third body. The binary system is made up of a mass-less body in circular orbit around a massive object, and we assume that the two massive bodies follow a Schuster (or Plummer) distribution. Within the ranges imposed by the impulsive approximation to the parameters of the encounter, we find good agreement between our results and those obtained from numerical experiments.  相似文献   

A primordial cosmological scenario with two scalar fields and matter     

Flávio Gimenes Alvarenga  Júlio César Fabris 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1995,226(1):109-124

The presence of matter in its different forms in a hexadimensional space-time, where gravitation is coupled to a conformal field, generates a class of cosmological solutions with very peculiar features: the initial proper distance between any two points of the space-time is infinite, following successive contraction and expansion phases in the evolution of the Universe. This behaviour defines a Anti-Big Bang Singular Cosmology. In this article we analyze this primordial cosmological scenario considering different matter forms and the effects of a Conformal Transformation on the metric.  相似文献   

Numerical evaluation of the dilogarithm of complex argument     

Carlos Osácar  Jesús Palacián  Manuel Palacios 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1995,62(1):93-98

A numerical algorithm to evaluate the dilogarithmic function of a complex argument is proposed. The use of the dilogarithm in celestial mechanics appears in the exact Delaunay normalization of some functions involving the equation of the centre.  相似文献