Epiphytic Diatoms along Environmental Gradients in Western European Shallow Lakes          下载免费PDF全文

Saúl Blanco  Cristina Cejudo‐Figueiras  Irene Álvarez‐Blanco  Ellen van Donk  Elisabeth M. Gross  Lars‐Anders Hansson  Erik Jeppesen  Timo Kairesalo  Brian Moss  Tiina Nõges  Eloy Bécares 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(3):229-235

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Results of UHF radar observation of the nocturnal low-level jet for wind energy applications     

Saïdou Madougou  Frederique Saïd  Bernard Campistron  Marie Lothon  Cheikh F. Kebe 《Acta Geophysica》2012,60(5):1413-1453

We use two series of eight-month UHF radar observations collected during the dry and wet seasons of AMMA field campaign. The ultimate goal is to do preliminary work to know whether the lowest layers are suitable for wind energy applications. Surface wind is usually weak in West Africa, but the regular occurrence of a nocturnal low level jet (NLLJ) could provide interesting conditions for wind energy. This work is two-fold: it first aims at improving our knowledge about the NLLJ in West Africa regarding its structure and its variability during the year. Then, special attention is paid to the first 200 m agl, to study the possibility to use the sub-jet wind as a source of energy. A set of enhanced radio-soundings is taken to help to understand the dynamics and thermodynamics and to find a way to extrapolate the wind at low level, where the UHF radars do not provide data.  相似文献   

Deblending of Simultaneous-source Seismic Data using Fast Iterative Shrinkage-thresholding Algorithm with Firm-thresholding     

Shan Qu  Hui Zhou  Renwu Liu  Yangkang Chen  Shaohuan Zu  Sa Yu  Jiang Yuan  Yahui Yang 《Acta Geophysica》2016,64(4):1064-1092

In this paper, an improved algorithm is proposed to separate blended seismic data. We formulate the deblending problem as a regularization problem in both common receiver domain and frequency domain. It is suitable for different kinds of coding methods such as random time delay discussed in this paper. Two basic approximation frames, which are iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm (ISTA) and fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm (FISTA), are compared. We also derive the Lipschitz constant used in approximation frames. In order to achieve a faster convergence and higher accuracy, we propose to use firm-thresholding function as the thresholding function in ISTA and FISTA. Two synthetic blended examples demonstrate that the performances of four kinds of algorithms (ISTA with soft- and firm-thresholding, FISTA with soft- and firm-thresholding) are all effective, and furthermore FISTA with a firm-thresholding operator exhibits the most robust behavior. Finally, we show one numerically blended field data example processed by FISTA with firm-thresholding function.  相似文献   

Evolution of Çamlık fissure-ridge travertines in the Başkale basin (Van,Eastern Anatolia)     

Azad Sağlam Selçuk  M. Korhan Erturaç  Serkan Üner  Erman Özsayın  Edwige Pons-Branchu 《Geodinamica Acta》2017,29(1):1-19

Fissure-ridge travertines (FRTs) are of great importance for the determination and comparison of tectonic deformation in a region. The coeval development of these travertines with active fault zones supplies significant information about regional dynamics in terms of deformation pattern and evolution. In this paper, the characteristics of FRTs of the Ba?kale basin (eastern Turkey) and responsible regional tectonism are discussed for the first time. The Ba?kale basin is located between the Ba?kale Fault Zone (BFZ) characterised by Çaml?k fault and I??kl?–Zirani? fault. It is located between dextral Yüksekova Fault Zone and southern end of dextral Guilato–Siahcheshmeh–Khoy Fault system (Iran). Various morphological features indicating recent activity are exposed along the BFZ, including offsetting rivers, fissure-ridge travertine and fault scarps. The Çaml?k fissure-ridge travertine composing of three different depositions is observed along the eastern edge of the BFZ with approximately parallel orientations. The Çaml?k fissure-ridge travertine has been formed and developed on fault zone related to strike-slip or oblique movements. We explain how kinematic changes of faults can influence the fissure-ridge development.  相似文献   

Mapping and assessment-based modeling of soil fertility differences in the central and eastern parts of the Black Sea region using GIS and geostatistical approaches     

M. Arif Özyazici  Orhan Dengiz  Mustafa Sağlam  Aylin Erkoçak  Ferhat Türkmen 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(2):45

This study was carried out on arable lands of the central and eastern Black Sea regions including eight provinces (Artvin, Giresun, Gümü?hane, Ordu, Rize, Samsun, Sinop, and Trabzon). The present study aims to generate a soil fertility map for agricultural lands in the central and eastern parts of the Black Sea region. The main objective of this research is to quantify soil fertility by developing a soil fertility index (SFI) model at the regional level. The related objectives were to map the spatial distribution of soil fertility by using auxiliary variables and to model soil fertility within the study region. To accomplish this, a data set for soil fertility differences was collected and a model was developed to predict the spatial distribution of differences across the region. The study area was divided into 2.5 × 2.5-km grid squares. A total of 3400 soil samples were collected from the surface (0–20 cm) of each grid intersection point. The geostatistical method was used to generate the SFI distribution map of the study area for surface soils. Of the total study area, 93.76% had good (S1) or moderately fertile (S2) soil while 6.15% of the area had marginally fertile (S3) soil. Only a very small area (N) had low-fertility soil.  相似文献   

基于Contourlet域Hausdorff距离和粒子群的多源遥感图像匹配   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈飒  吴一全 《测绘学报》2010,39(6):599-604

为了进一步提高多源遥感图像的匹配精度和运算效率,本文提出了一种利用Contourlet变换、Hausdorff距离和改进粒子群的遥感图像匹配算法。在分别对目标图像和参考图像进行Contourlet分解的基础上,采用小波模极大值法提取低频图像的边缘信息,以LTS-HD作为图像匹配的相似性度量准则,并利用一种带极值扰动的简化粒子群优化算法对低频边缘图像进行匹配操作,得到粗匹配点;然后根据粗匹配点的位置反演计算到原始图像,进行精匹配,最终实现全分辨率情况下遥感图像的匹配。实验结果表明,该算法与目前常用的遥感图像匹配算法相比,不仅具有更高的匹配精度和运算效率,还有较强的鲁棒性。  相似文献   

Trace metals and dissolved organic carbon in an estuary with restricted river flow and a brown tide bloom   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Eric Breuer  Sergio A. Sañudo-Wilhelmy 《Estuaries and Coasts》1999,22(3):603-615

This study was designed to establish the distributions of trace metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and inorganic nutrients (PO₄ and H₄SiO₄) in the water column of the small, relatively pristine Peconic River estuary. We were also able to examine the effects of a harmful microalgal bloom, known as the brown tide, which occurred in the area during our study. Because river inflow to the Peconic estuary is restricted by a small dam at the head of the estuary, direct evaluation of the relative importance of riverine inputs on estuarine metal distributions was possible. The simultaneous analyses of geochemical carrier metals (Al, Fe, and Mn), an indicator of sewage (Ag), and other ancillary parameters (e.g., suspended particulate matter, dissolved O₂, chlorophylla) were used to describe the major processes controlling metal concentrations in the dissolved phase. The trace metal distributions indicated two distinct biogeochemical regimes within the estuary: an anthropogenically perturbed region with high metal levels (e.g., Ag, 165 pM; Cu, 51 nM; Zn, 57 nM) at the head (Flanders Bay), and a larger outer region with relatively low metal concentrations. The very similar distributions of some metals (e.g., Mn, Ni) in the Peconic estuary compared to those in estuaries having much higher river flow demonstrated the dominant role of internal processes (e.g., diagenetic remobilization) in controlling these metal patterns. An inverse relationship between dissolved Fe and DOC with cell counts of the brown tide microalgaeAureococcus anophagefferens in our field study suggested a close association with the bloom, although a similar relationship was observed between dissolved Al and brown tide cell counts, implying that removal of Fe could be due to particle scavenging rather than biological uptake.  相似文献   

暴雨站数预报在暴雨落点预报中的应用   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李昌义  顾润源  张飒  孙兴池  张少林  邹树峰 《气象》1999,25(8):26-30

采用暴雨站数预报与站点降水量预报相结合的方法预报暴雨落点,在１９９８年７月￣８月的暴雨落点预报中,ＴＳ评分达到２２．４％,超过了ＨＬＡＦＳ和主观预报。进一步的研究的分析表明：这种方法可充分利用降水量预报的空间分布信息,预报准确率还在较大的可提高空间,是一种较为有效的暴雨落点客观预报方法。  相似文献   

深海石油平台及其锚固基础形式评述     

李飒  韩志强  王圣强  董艳秋  要明伦 《海洋工程》2008,26(2):147-154

随着全球对能源需求量的不断增加,海上石油开发逐渐向深海甚至超深海范围发展,传统的海洋平台已经不能满足海洋油气开发的需要。顺应式塔式平台(CT或CPT)、张力腿式平台(TLP)、迷你张力腿式平台(Mini-TLP)、Spar平台、水下生产系统(Subsea System)、浮式生产系统(FPS)和浮式生产储油装置(FPSO)等各种结构形式被用于深海的开发。随着水深的发展,系泊系统(含锚固基础)成为平台的关键部分。深入了解这些结构各自的特点、使用情况以及锚固方法,将有助于我国深海石油事业的发展。  相似文献   

High spatial resolution sampling of metals in the sediment and water column in Port Jefferson Harbor, New York     

Vincent T. Breslin  Sergio A. Sañudo-Wilhelmy 《Estuaries and Coasts》1999,22(3):669-680

Eighteen sediment samples and six water-column samples were collected in a small (6 km²), coastal embayment (Port Jefferson Harbor, New York) to define a high-resolution spatial distribution of metals and to elucidate sources of contaminants to the harbor. Sediment metal (Ag, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) concentrations varied widely, reflecting differences in sediment grain size, with higher metal concentrations located in the fine-grained inner harbor sediments. Calculated enrichment factors for these sediments show that Ag, Pb, Cu, and Zn are elevated relative to both crustal abundances and their respective abundances in sediments in central Long Island Sound. Metal concentrations were 1.2 to 10 fold greater in water from the inner harbor compared to water from Long Island Sound collected outside the mouth of the harbor. Spatial variations in trace metals in surface waters within the bay parallel the spatial variations of trace metals in sediments within the harbor. Elevated water-column metal concentrations appear to be partially derived from a combination of diagenetic remobilization from contaminated sediments (e.g., Ag) and anthropogenic sources (e.g., Cu and Zn) within the southern portions of the harbor. Although the National Status and Trends Program had reported previously that sediment metal concentrations in Port Jefferson Harbor were low, the results of this study show sediment metals have high spatial variability and are enriched in the inner harbor sediments at levels comparable to more urbanized western north shore Long Island harbors.  相似文献