Application of nonlinear dynamical systems analysis to conditionally sampled concentration fluctuations of a passive scalar in the atmospheric boundary layer     

Eugene Yee 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1991,57(1-2):49-78

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Concentration fluctuation measurements in clouds released from a quasi-instantaneous point source in the atmospheric surface layer     

Eugene Yee  R. Chan  P. R. Kosteniuk  G. M. Chandler  C. A. Biltoft  J. F. Bowers 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1994,71(4):341-373

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Measurements of level-crossing statistics of concentration fluctuations in plumes dispersing in the atmospheric surface layer     

Eugene Yee  R. Chan  P. R. Kosteniuk  G. M. Chandler  C. A. Biltoft  J. F. Bowers 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1995,73(1-2):53-90

The statistics of level crossings and local extremes in concentration fluctuations in plumes dispersing in the atmosphere have been investigated. A set of concentration fluctuation tracer experiments has been utilized to measure the statistical propertics of the upcrossing interval (inter-arrival time between consecutive concentration bursts), excursion duration (persistence or width of concentration bursts), and concentration amplitude (difference between the maximum and minimum concentrations between successive upcrossings) with respect to a range of concentration crossing levels. In particular, the effect of downwind distance and atmospheric stratification on the level-crossing statistics has been studied in detail. It is shown that the effect of increasing atmospheric stability on level-crossing statistics is similar to the effect of increasing distance from the source in the sense that level-crossing statistics of concentration fluctuations in stable stratification resemble those in neutral stratification, but at a greater downwind distance. It is also found that the distribution of the interval between consecutive upcrossings of a concentration level, as well as the duration of an excursion across a concentration level, can be approximated by a lognormal distribution, whereas the distribution of the concentration amplitude is best characterized by a gamma distribution. Some implications of these results for the modeling of level-crossing statistics of concentration fluctuations are discussed.  相似文献   

An Analytical Model For Threshold Crossing Rates Of Concentration Fluctuations In Dispersing Plumes     

Eugene Yee 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2001,98(3):517-527

A simple analytical model is developed for the meanupcrossing rate of plume concentration fluctuations assuming that thisprocess can be well approximated by a lognormal process. The resultingexpression requires only the specification of the in-plume fluctuationintensity and in-plume Taylor micro-time scale and, hence, does notexplicitly involve the joint probability density function of theconcentration and its derivative. The analytical model provides agood fit to some field measurements of the mean upcrossing rate ina dispersing plume.  相似文献   

Search for strange attractors in magnetic field data: An example from a tertiary volcanic area near Bonn, Germany     

Sabrina Leonardi  Hans-Joachim Kümpel 《Journal of Geodynamics》1996,21(4):329-338

Spatial variations of the magnetic field, measured at the Earth's surface, are mainly due to geological inhomogeneities within the crust. The present state of the crust, in turn, reflects its past dynamical processes and evolution. We analyzed the magnetic field intensity along a few but densely sampled profiles in a Tertiary volcanic province near Bonn, Germany. The aim was to find out whether the variation of the magnetic intensity can be related to a deterministic, although chaotic, generating system or to a stochastic one. In the former case, the geodynamical history would depend on a few degrees of freedom, whereas in the latter case, the parameters to take into account were so many that a statistic approach appears to be more suitable. Since strange attractors do not emerge from the analyzed data, we exclude the presence of a chaos generating system. Autocorrelation functions and a rescaled-range analysis, on the other hand, reveal and quantify a certain degree of correlation among successive data points and allow calculation of a range of spectral exponents in log-log diagrams, which are clearly distinct from those of white noise and Brownian motion. Only one of the profiles exhibits similarity to uncorrelated or white noise. In this case, the signal variations do not result from the local geology but from a buried gas pipe-line, aligned subparallel to that profile. If self-organized crustal evolution generally produces signatures that can be described as correlated noise, within a limited bandwidth of spectral exponents, erraneous or disturbed data could eventually be discriminated from records containing purely natural data by applying analysis tools of the dynamic system theory together with autocorrelation tests.  相似文献   

Reply to the ‘comments on: The PDF of concentration fluctuations’ by Kenneth R. Mylne     

Eugene Yee 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1992,61(1-2):195-204

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Clinopyroxenes from mantle-related xenocrysts in alkaline basalts from Hannuoba (China): augite–pigeonite exsolutions and their thermal significance     

Elisabetta?Brizi  Sabrina?NazzareniEmail author  Francesco?Princivalle  Pier?Francesco?Zanazzi 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2003,145(5):578-584

Optically homogeneous augite xenocrysts, closely associated with spinel–peridotite nodules, occur in alkali basalts from Hannuoba (Hebei province, China). They were studied by electron and X-ray diffraction to define the occurrence and significance of pigeonite exsolution microtextures. Sub-calcic augite (Wo₃₄) exsolved into En_62–62Fs_25–21Wo_13–17 pigeonite and En_46–45Fs_14–14Wo_40–42 augite, as revealed by TEM through diffuse coarser (001) lamellae (100–300 Å) and only incipient (100) thinner ones (<70 Å). C2/c augite and P2₁/c pigeonite lattices, measured by CCD-XRD, relate through a(Aug)?a(Pgt), b(Aug)?b(Pgt), c(Aug)≠c(Pgt) [5.278(1) vs 5.189(1)Å] and β(Aug)≠β(Pgt) [106.55(1) vs 108.55(2)°]. Cell and site volumes strongly support the hypothesis that the augite xenocrysts crystallised at mantle depth from alkaline melts. After the augite xenocrysts entered the magma, (001) lamellae first formed by spinodal decomposition at a T_min of about 1,100 °C, and coarsened during very rapid transport to the surface; in a later phase, possibly on cooling, incipient (100) lamellae then formed.  相似文献   

Wave-photochemistry coupling and its effect on water vapor, ozone and airglow variations in the atmosphere of Mars     

Xun Zhu  Jeng-Hwa Yee 《Icarus》2007,189(1):136-150

A one-dimensional photochemical-transport model for the martian lower atmosphere has been developed to study the diurnal cycles of wave-photochemistry coupling. The model self-consistently calculates water vapor mixing ratio profiles, which exhibit strong vertical and diurnal variations mainly due to the high sensitivity of the saturation vapor pressure to temperature variation. The dynamical coupling of water vapor caused by the temperature variation induced by tidal waves, vertical transport parameterized by eddy diffusion, and linear relaxation introduced in condensation-sublimation processes all have similar timescales of diurnal variation. This leads to a significant asymmetric distribution of water vapor concentration as a function of local time. As a result, the net effect of the temperature variation by tidal waves depletes the water vapor concentration in its diurnal mean. The coupling processes also deplete the diurnally averaged HO_x concentration, which in turn leads to significant enhancements of both ozone concentration and the associated airglow emissions in the martian atmosphere. The model also shows explicitly the importance of photochemical-transport coupling to the airglow emissions and its implications in species retrievals when the photochemical times of the excited states are comparable to the timescale of diurnal variation.  相似文献   

The structure and time variability of the ring atmosphere and ionosphere     

W.-L. Tseng  W.-H. Ip  T.A. Cassidy 《Icarus》2010,206(2):382-389

The saturnian system is subject to constant bombardment by interplanetary meteoroids and irradiation by solar UV photons. Both effects release neutral molecules from the icy ring particles either in the form of impact water vapor or gas emission in the form of H₂O, O₂ and H₂. The observations of the Cassini spacecraft during its orbit insertion have shown the existence of molecular and atomic oxygen ions. Subsequent modeling efforts have led to the picture that an exospheric population of neutral oxygen molecules is probably maintained in the vicinity of the rings via photolytic-decomposition of ice and surface reactions. At the same time, ionized products O⁺ and ions move along the magnetic field lines and, depending on the optical local thickness rings, can thread through the ring plane or impact a ring particle, the ion principal sink. In addition, collisional interactions between the ions and neutrals will change the scale height of the ions and produce a scattered component of O₂ molecules and O atoms which can be injected into Saturn’s upper atmosphere or the inner magnetosphere. The ring atmosphere, therefore, serves as a source of ions throughout Saturn’s magnetosphere. If photolysis of ice is the dominant source of O₂, then the complex structure of the ring atmosphere/ionosphere and the injection rate of neutral O₂ will be subject to modulation by the seasonal variation of Saturn along its orbit. In this work, we show how the physical properties of the ring oxygen atmosphere, the scattered component, and the magnetospheric ion source rate vary as the ring system goes through the cycle of solar insolation. In particular, it is shown that the magnetopheric ions should be nearly depleted at Saturn’s equinox if O₂ is produced mainly by photolysis of the ring material.  相似文献   

A hybrid simulation of Mercury’s magnetosphere for the MESSENGER encounters in year 2008     

Y.-C. Wang  J. Mueller  W.-H. Ip 《Icarus》2010,209(1):46-52

The latest measurements from the two encounters of the MESSENGER spacecraft in year 2008 have discovered several interesting features of the magnetosphere of Mercury. We have performed high-resolution 3D hybrid model calculations to simulate the solar wind interaction with the Hermean magnetosphere during the first two Mercury encounters of the MESSENGER spacecraft in 2008. It is found that the global structure of the Hermean magnetosphere is significantly controlled by the direction of the interplanetary magnetic field. The bow shock size and shape and the magnetotail configuration have very large differences in these two encounters with northward-pointing and southward-pointing interplanetary magnetic field, respectively. Comparisons are also given with the observed magnetic field profiles and the computational results. In general, good agreement can be found including the interesting feature of the relatively thick magnetopause current layer at outbound measurements. Our work shows that 3D hybrid simulation is a promising method to study in detail the Hermean magnetosphere in parallel with the post-MOI observations of the MESSENGER spacecraft and the Bepi-Colombo mission in future.  相似文献