Paleolithic hunting in a southern Moravian landscape: The case of Milovice IV,Czech Republic     

Ji&#x;í Svoboda  Zbigniew M. Boche&#x;nski  Vra ulíkov  Alena Dohnalov  Srka Hladilov  Martin Hloek  Ivan Hor ek  Martin Ivanov  Miroslav Krlík  Martin Novk  Alexander J.E. Pryor  Sandra Szelov  Rhiannon E. Stevens  Jaros&#x;aw Wilczy&#x;nski  Piotr Wojtal 《Geoarchaeology》2011,26(6):838-866

The Dolní Věstonice–Pavlov–Milovice area (Czech Republic) on the slopes of the Pavlov Hills provides an opportunity for correlating the geomorphology of the Dyje River valley with Gravettian settlement patterns. Although the sites vary in size and complexity, they create a regular chain of strategic locations at elevations between 200 m and 240 m asl. In 2009, a road collapsed into deserted cellars inside the village of Milovice and revealed a complex of archaeological layers deep within loess, at an elevation of only 175 m asl. This paper presents an analysis of this atypical archaeological site location and compares the results with the other sites. We argue that this location allowed direct contact with mammoth herds concentrated on the floodplain, while the aquatic environment offered possibilities for gathering plants and fishing. This site represents a new aspect of organized settlement, hunting strategies, and short‐distance human movements during the Gravettian within this area. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

The caranto paleosol and its role in the early urbanization of Venice     

Sandra Donnici  Rossana Serandrei‐Barbero  Claudio Bini  Maurizio Bonardi  Alberto Lezziero 《Geoarchaeology》2011,26(4):514-543

As rising sea level threatens Venice, there is a need to construct a historical framework for interpreting modern environmental changes. Environmental conditions that would later help support Venice's urbanization were established during the Late Glacial period when calcic soils began to develop in the Venetian alluvial paleoplain. A calcic paleosol, buried by Middle to Late Holocene marine transgressive deposits, represents a subsurface layer long known in the Venice area as “caranto.” Referenced in the ancient chronicles of architects and builders, the caranto exhibits relatively high compressive and shear strength, making it an important substrate for supporting building foundations, some dating back to the Gothic era (12th–15th centuries A.D.). Hence, the caranto paleosol documents local post‐glacial environmental changes while playing an important role in Venetian building construction and human settlement. Here we provide geochemical, sedimentological, paleoecological, and chronological analyses of the caranto paleosol and related deposits based on recent coring of the Venetian Lagoon. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

The COVID-19 pandemic and global environmental change: Emerging research needs     

Robert Barouki  Manolis Kogevinas  Karine Audouze  Kristine Belesova  Ake Bergman  Linda Birnbaum  Sandra Boekhold  Sebastien Denys  Celine Desseille  Elina Drakvik  Howard Frumkin  Jeanne Garric  Delphine Destoumieux-Garzon  Andrew Haines  Anke Huss  Genon Jensen  Spyros Karakitsios  Jana Klanova  Iida-Maria Koskela  Francine Laden  Paolo Vineis 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2010

The outbreak of COVID-19 raised numerous questions on the interactions between the occurrence of new infections, the environment, climate and health. The European Union requested the H2020 HERA project which aims at setting priorities in research on environment, climate and health, to identify relevant research needs regarding Covid-19. The emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 appears to be related to urbanization, habitat destruction, live animal trade, intensive livestock farming and global travel. The contribution of climate and air pollution requires additional studies. Importantly, the severity of COVID-19 depends on the interactions between the viral infection, ageing and chronic diseases such as metabolic, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and obesity which are themselves influenced by environmental stressors. The mechanisms of these interactions deserve additional scrutiny. Both the pandemic and the social response to the disease have elicited an array of behavioural and societal changes that may remain long after the pandemic and that may have long term health effects including on mental health. Recovery plans are currently being discussed or implemented and the environmental and health impacts of those plans are not clearly foreseen. Clearly, COVID-19 will have a long-lasting impact on the environmental health field and will open new research perspectives and policy needs.  相似文献   

Erratum to: Precise U–Pb zircon–baddeleyite age of the Jinchuan sulfide ore-bearing ultramafic intrusion, western China     

Mingjie Zhang  Sandra L. Kamo  Chusi Li  Peiqing Hu  Edward M. Ripley 《Mineralium Deposita》2010,45(2):215-215

  相似文献   

Depth-dependent sampling to identify short-circuit pathways to public-supply wells in multiple aquifer settings in the United States   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

Matthew K. Landon  Bryant C. Jurgens  Brian G. Katz  Sandra M. Eberts  Karen R. Burow  Christy A. Crandall 《Hydrogeology Journal》2010,18(3):577-593

Depth-dependent water-quality and borehole flow data were used to determine where and how contamination enters public-supply wells (PSWs) at study sites in different principal aquifers of the United States. At each of three study sites, depth-dependent samples and wellbore flow data were collected from multiple depths in selected PSWs under pumping conditions. The chemistry of these depth-dependent samples, along with samples of the surface discharge from the PSWs, was compared to that of adjacent nested monitoring wells. The results of depth-dependent analyses from sites in Modesto (California), York (Nebraska), and Tampa (Florida) are summarized and compared. Although the exact mechanisms for transport of contaminants to the PSWs varied among these hydrogeologic settings, in all three settings the presence of wells or boreholes or natural preferential flow paths allowed water and contaminants to bypass substantial portions of the aquifer and to reach PSWs or depths in the aquifer more quickly than would have occurred in the absence of these short-circuiting flow paths. The chemistry and flow data from multiple depths was essential to developing an understanding of the dominant flow paths of contaminants to PSW in all three settings. This knowledge contributes to developing effective strategies for monitoring and protection.  相似文献   

Geochemical Control of Heavy Metal Concentrations and Distribution Within Bahia Blanca Estuary (Argentina)     

Jorge Marcovecchio  Sandra Botté  Melisa Fernández Severini  Federico Delucchi 《Aquatic Geochemistry》2010,16(2):251-266

Chromium and lead concentrations and distribution have been fully studied within Bahía Blanca estuary inner area, which is strongly influenced by urban and industrial stress. Not only metals dissolved in estuarine water but also those included in sediments and suspended particulate matters (SPM) were measured. In all cases, internationally standardized protocols were applied to metal measurements, including analytical quality check test through analysis of certified reference materials. Total metal contents from surface sediments and SPM were compared with those from a historical database of the area, as well as with values representing the natural geochemical baseline within the system. Results showed that heavy metal pollution is mainly localized in the areas close to both industrial effluents discharge system and urban sewage outfall discharge. Data from sequential extractions indicate that metals from anthropogenic sources (i.e., Pb) are potentially more mobile than those inherited from geological parent material (i.e., Cr). The influences of other potential sources of metals (i.e., streams, runoff) were also considered. SPM was clearly identified as the main carrier of the studied heavy metals within the system, and its significance to metals input into sediments and/or biota was verified. Finally, the normalization of measured metal concentrations against background reference elements (i.e., Al or Fe) has allowed to identify that most of the measured Cr was lithogenic, while a significant percentage of Pb was from anthropogenic origin within Bahía Blanca estuary.  相似文献   

Characteristics of collisional orogens with low topographic build‐up: an example from the Carpathians     

Liviu Matenco  Csaba Krézsek  Sandra Merten  Stefan Schmid  Sierd Cloetingh  Paul Andriessen 《地学学报》2010,22(3):155-165

  相似文献   

Moisture Movement Through Cracked Clay Soil Profiles   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Delwyn G. Fredlund  Sandra L. Houston  Quan Nguyen  Murray D. Fredlund 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2010,28(6):865-888

A continuum mechanics approach is used for the formulation of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity functions and the water storage functions for fractured or cracked clay soils in this parametric study. Suggested procedures are based on available research literature related to the behavior of cracked unsaturated porous media. The soil–water characteristic curve, hydraulic conductivity and water storage functions take on the character of bi-modal unsaturated soil property functions. The bimodal character arises out of the independent behavior of the cracks and the intact clay soil. Matric suction changes beneath a slab-on-grade foundation placed on a cracked clay soil profile are modeled for varied surface flux conditions using the proposed unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and water storage functions. The impact of various levels of surface cracking on soil suction distributions is discussed. Suction distribution patterns are dependent on the initial soil surface suction. In particular, the results are dependent upon whether the initial matric suction is less than or greater than the air entry of the cracked clay. There is an extremely wide range of possible conditions that could be modeled but the parametric study results presented in this paper are limited to a series of selected crack widths and densities for an exfiltration case and an infiltration case.  相似文献