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221.
222.
Application of MK-PRISM for interpolation of wind speed and comparison with co-kriging in South Korea 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jongchul Park 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2016,53(4):421-443
The spatial distribution of wind speed is important information required to understand climate-related regional phenomena. This paper presents the Modified Korean Parameter-elevation Regression on Independent Slopes Model (MK-PRISM) as a method for spatial interpolation of monthly wind speeds. A database of gridded monthly mean wind speeds with a spatial resolution of 1 km for the period of March 2011–February 2014 is constructed by MK-PRISM. Wind speed observation data collected from the 529 to 641 meteorological stations in South Korea were utilized as the input data for interpolation. The wind speed distribution estimated by co-kriging is used for comparison with the MK-PRISM results. Research demonstrates that the efficiency difference between the two models, MK-PRISM and co-kriging, is insignificant. The Kling and Gupta efficiencies of both models were 0.68-0.78 and the root mean square errors (RMSEs) were 0.44-0.68 m/s. The spatial distribution of wind speeds, however, differs between MK-PRISM and co-kriging, which can be considered a reflection of the influence of topographic features such as terrain convexity, aspect, and coastal proximity. MK-PRISM can perform more appropriately to represent the phenomena where similar wind speeds appear continuously along ridges and coastlines. This suggests that a knowledge-based approach that considers topographic features can be successfully applied to the interpolation of monthly or seasonal wind speeds, similar to temperature and precipitation. The wind speed distribution generated by MK-PRISM can be utilized as important data for different geographical studies. 相似文献
223.
The geometry and internal structures of modern sediments on the inner shelf off the southeastern coast of Korea were investigated by means of analysing high-frequency (3.5 kHz) seismic records. The records reveal a wedge-shaped sediment body, tapering off toward the sea. On the basis of reflection patterns, the sediments can be classified into two units; foreset (prodelta) unit and bottomset unit, consisting of sandy muds and clays, respectively. The lateral transition from foreset to bottomset deposits suggests a prograding delta system of the Nakdong River since the late Holocene. 相似文献
224.
225.
Kim IC Chang SY Williams TD Ja Kim Y Yoon YD Lee YS Park EH Lee JS 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):687-691
We cloned the vitellogenin gene from the self-fertilizing fish Rivulus marmoratus, and sequenced 12,326 bp. The number of exons of R. marmoratus and rainbow trout vitellogenin genes were different, and also the splicing junctions are different throughout most of the exons and introns but the amino acid similarity of R. marmoratus vitellogenin gene to other species was rather high. In promoter region of R. marmoratus vitellogenin gene, there were several E2 binding sites and the estrogen response element (ERE). We discuss here the gene structure and expression of R. marmoratus vitellogenin gene. 相似文献
226.
Soon-Sup Lee Jong-Kap Lee Beom-Jin Park Dong-Kon Lee Soo-Young Kim Kyung-Ho Lee 《Ocean Engineering》2006,33(13):1814-1828
In this paper, internet-based ship technical information management system has been developed as a means to accumulate, manage, share and utilize various distributed applications and information used for ship design and building. The information managed in the system is documents from the whole life cycle including concept design, basic design, detailed design, construction, operation and maintenance. In addition, using the developed system, integrated system framework is also proposed to integrate applications and database in concurrent engineering environment. 相似文献
227.
Numerical flow analysis of single-stage ducted marine propulsor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The present work has solved 3D incompressible RANS equations on a rotating, non-orthogonal multi-blocked grid to efficiently analyze a ducted marine propulsor with rotor–stator interaction. To handle the interface boundary between a rotor and a stator, the sliding multi-block technique using the cubic spline interpolation and the bilinear interpolation was applied. To validate the present code, the flow of a single stage turbine flow was simulated. Time averaged pressure coefficients were compared with experiments and good agreements were obtained. After the code validation, the flowfield around a single-stage ducted marine propulsor having a single stage of rotor and stator was successfully simulated and the hydrodynamic performance coefficients were computed. 相似文献
228.
The process of embryogenesis and larval development of the asteroid sea star Asterias amurensis (Lütken) was observed, with
special attention paid to morphological change and larval duration. In reproductive season, mature sea stars were collected
under floating net cages, located in Tongyeong, southern Korea. The mature eggs are 138 μm in average diameter, semi-translucent
and orange in color, sperms in good condition appear light cream to white-gray in color. Embryos develop through the holoblastic
equal cleavage stage and a wrinkled blastula stage that lasts about 9 hours after fertilization. Gastrulae bearing an expanded
archenteron hatch from the fertilization envelope 22 hours after fertilization. At the end of gastrulation, rudiments of the
left and right coelom are formed. By day 2, larvae possess complete alimentary canal and begin to feed. At this stage, the
larva is called early bipinnaria. In 6day-old larvae, the pre- and post- oral ciliated bands form complete circuits and the
bipinnarial processes start to develop. By day 12, the lateral and anterior projection of the larval wall processes along
the ciliated bands begins to thicken and curl, and the ciliated bands become more prominent. By day 32, early brachiolaria
are presented with three pairs of brachiolar arms. Advanced brachiolaria with a well-developed brachiolar complex (three pairs
of brachia and central adhesive disc) occur 6 weeks after fertilization. In the field, spawning of the sea star was observed
in April to May, settlement form larvae and just settlements seem to occur from June to July, and early juveniles occur from
August to September. Although we had not described the end of brachiolaria stage, it can be tentatively estimated that the
duration of the pelagic stage of A. amurensis is 40 to 50 days. 相似文献
229.
Young-Hyang Park 《Progress in Oceanography》1986,17(3-4)
Water characteristics of the Yellow Sea Warm Current and its movement in summer are examined from the analysis of the recent hydrographic data collected in adjacent seas of Cheju Island. It is suggested that the Yellow Sea Warm Current water in the northeastern China Sea is a mixture of Western North Pacific Central Water and the Yellow Sea Bottom Cold Water in the ratio of 7 to 3. It is characterized by salinities of 34.2 < S < 34.5% and temperatures of 13 < T < 15°C at depths below 50 m. The Yellow Sea Warm Current does not seem to extend into the Yellow Sea as previously believed, at least in summer, but instead it turns eastward around Cheju. 相似文献
230.
Saúl Alvarez-Borrego Louis I. Gordon Lynn B. Jones P. Kilho Park Ricardo M. Pytkowicz 《Journal of Oceanography》1972,28(2):71-93
The vertical distribution of density, salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, apparent oxygen utilization, nutrients, preformed phosphate, pH, alkalinity, alkalinity: chlorinity ratio, in situ partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and percent saturation of calcite and aragonite, for the Southeastern Bering Sea, is studied and explained in terms of biological and physical processes. Some hydrological interactions between the Bering Sea and the North Pacific Ocean are explained. The horizontal distribution of dissolved oxygen at 2000 and 2500 m depths, throughout the Bering Sea, indicates that deep water is flowing from the Pacific, through the Kamchatka Strait, and then northward and eastward in the Bering Sea. Based on the dissolved oxygen distribution we estimate roughly that it takes 20 years for the deep waters to move from the Kamchatka Strait to the Southeastern part of the eastern basin. The surface concentration of nutrients is higher in the Bering Sea than in the North Pacific Ocean, probably because of upwelling and intense vertical mixing in the Bering Sea. A multivariable regression analysis of dissolved oxygen as a function of phosphate concentration and potential temperature was applied for the region where the potential temperature-salinity diagram is straight, and the confidence interval of the PO4 coefficient, at the 95% probability level, was found consistent with theRedfield biochemical oxidation model. The calcium carbonate saturation calculations show that the Bering Sea is supersaturated with aragonite in the upper 100 m, and with calcite in the upper 200 m. Below these depths seawater is undersaturated with respect to these two minerals. 相似文献