Deformation of a layered half-space due to a very long tensile fault     

Sarva Jit Singh  Mahabir Singh 《Journal of Earth System Science》2004,113(2):235-246

The problem of the coseismic deformation of an earth model consisting of an elastic layer of uniform thickness overlying an elastic half-space due to a very long tensile fault in the layer is solved analytically. Integral expressions for the surface displacements are obtained for a vertical tensile fault and a horizontal tensile fault. The integrals involved are evaluated approximately by using Sneddon’s method of replacing the integrand by a finite sum of exponential terms. Detailed numerical results showing the variation of the displacements with epicentral distance for various source locations in the layer are presented graphically. The displacement field in the layered half-space is compared with the corresponding field in a uniform half-space to demonstrate the effect of the internal boundary. Relaxed rigidity method is used for computing the postseismic deformation of an earth model consisting of an elastic layer of uniform thickness overlying a viscoelastic half-space.  相似文献   

Observations of the atmospheric surface layer parameters over a semi arid region during the solar eclipse of August 11th, 1999     

Praveena Krishnan  P. K. Kunhikrishnan  S. Muraleedharan Nair  Sudha Ravindran  Radhika Ramachandran  D. B. Subrahamanyam  M. Venkata Ramana 《Journal of Earth System Science》2004,113(3):353-363

This paper discusses the observations of the Atmospheric Surface Layer (ASL) parameters during the solar eclipse of August 11th, 1999. Intensive surface layer experiments were conducted at Ahmedabad (23‡21′N, 72‡36′E), the western part of India, which was close to the totality path. This rare event provided by nature is utilised to document the surface layer effects during the eclipse period using measurements of high frequency fluctuations of temperature, tri-axial wind components as well as mean parameters such as temperature, humidity, wind speed and subsoil temperature. Analysis showed that during the eclipse period, the turbulence parameters were affected leading to the suppression of the turbulence process, the main dynamic process in the atmospheric boundary layer, while the mean parameters showed variations within the natural variability of the observational period. The spectra of the wind components and temperature indicated decrease in spectral power by one order in magnitude during the eclipse period. The rate of dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy is found to decrease by more than one order during the eclipse period. The stability parameter showed a change from unstable to stable condition during the period of eclipse and back to unstable condition by the end of eclipse  相似文献   

Crustal deformation due to non-uniform slip along a long fault     

Sarva Jit Singh  Mukesh Punia  Sunita Rani 《Geophysical Journal International》1994,118(2):411-427

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Static deformation of two welded half-spaces due to dip-slip faulting     

Sunita Rani  Sarva Jit Singh 《Journal of Earth System Science》1992,101(3):269-282

Closed-form expressions for the displacements and stresses at any point of either of two elastic half-spaces in welded contact caused by a dip-slip line source obtained earlier are integrated analytically to derive the elastic residual field due to a long dip-slip fault of finite width. The results are valid for an arbitrary dip of the fault. The variation of the displacement field with the distance from the fault as well as with the distance from the interface is studied numerically. It is found that the displacement field is heavily dependent on the dip angle. Contour maps showing the residual elastic field in the two half-spaces caused by a vertical dip-slip fault located in one of the half-spaces are also obtained.  相似文献   

Deformation of a homogeneous gravitating sphere by internal dislocations     

Sarva Jit Singh  Ari Ben-Menahem 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1969,76(1):17-39

Summary An explicit solution is obtained for the system of equations describing the spheroidal motion in a homogeneous, isotropic, gravitating, elastic medium possessing spherical symmetry. This solution is used to derive the Green's dyad for a homogeneous gravitating sphere. The Green's dyad is then employed to obtain the displacement field induced by tangential and tensile dislocations of arbitrary orientation and depth within the sphere.Notation G Gravitational constant - a Radius of the earth - A _o =4/3 G - Perturbation of the gravitational potential - Circular frequency - V _p ,V _s Compressional and shear wave velocities - k _p =/V _p - k _s =/V _s - k _p [(2.8)] - , [(2.17)] - f _l ⁺ Spherical Bessel function of the first kind - f _l ^– Spherical Hankel function of the second kind - x =r - y =r - x _o =r _o - y _o =r_o - x =r k _s - y =r k _p - x _o =r _o k _s - y _o =r _o k _p - =a - =a - [(5.17)] - _{m, l}   相似文献   

Rayleigh wave group velocity in a spherically symmetric gravitating earth model     

Sarva Jit Singh 《Journal of Earth System Science》1982,91(3):241-245

Expressions for kinetic energy, elastic potential energy and gravitational potential energy for the spheroidal oscillations of a spherically symmetric, self-gravitating, elastic earth model have been obtained. Some inconsistencies in the expressions given by earlier authors have been pointed out. The principle of equipartition of energy and the Rayleigh principle have been used to derive a formula for Rayleigh wave group velocity in terms of energy integrals. This formula can be used to compute the group velocity without the numerical differentiation implied in its definition  相似文献   

Quasi-static deformation of a viscoelastic half-space by a displacement dislocation     

Sarva Jit Singh  Martin Rosenman 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》1974,8(1):87-101

The correspondence principle is used to get the Laplace transformed solution of the problem of the quasi-static deformation of a viscoelastic half-space by a shear displacement dislocation from the corresponding static elastic results. The transformed solution is inverted for the Voigt and the Maxwell viscoelastic models. It is shown that, for a vertical dip-slip fault, the surface displacements for the viscoelastic case are identical with the elastic displacements. In the case of a vertical strike-slip fault, detailed numerical results are obtained for both a point source and a finite rectangular source. It is found that the results for the viscoelastic models differ significantly from the corresponding elastic results.  相似文献   

Displacements and stresses due to a single force in a half-space in welded contact with another half-space     

Sarva Jit Singh  Gulshan Kumari  & Kuldip Singh 《Geophysical Journal International》1999,139(2):591-596

Closed-form analytical expressions for the displacements and stresses induced by a single force of arbitrary orientation located in an elastic half-space in welded contact with another elastic half-space are obtained. These expressions are valid for arbitrary values of the Poisson's ratio and for arbitrary source and observer locations. The final results are given in a form that makes numerical computation straightforward and accurate.  相似文献   

Consolidation of a poroelastic half-space with anisotropic permeability and compressible constituents by axisymmetric surface loading   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sarva Jit Singh  Raman Kumar  Sunita Rani 《Journal of Earth System Science》2009,118(5):563-574

The fully coupled Biot quasi-static theory of linear poroelasticity is used to study the consolidation of a poroelastic half-space caused by axisymmetric surface loads. The fluid and solid constituents of the poroelastic medium are compressible and its permeability in the vertical direction is different from its permeability in the horizontal direction. An analytical solution of the governing equations is obtained by taking the displacements and the pore pressure as the basic state variables and using a combination of the Laplace and Hankel transforms. The problem of an axisymmetric normal load is discussed in detail. An explicit analytical solution is obtained for normal disc loading. Detailed numerical computations reveal that the anisotropy in permeability as well as the compressibilities of the fluid and solid constituents of the poroelastic medium have significant effects on the consolidation of the half-space. The anisotropy in permeability may accelerate the consolidation process and may lead to a dilution in the theoretical prediction of the Mandel-Cryer effect. The compressibility of the solid constituents may also accelerate the consolidation process.  相似文献   

Stability Behavior and Thermodynamic States of Iron and Manganese in Sandy Soil Aquifer,Manukan Island,Malaysia     

Chin Yik Lin  Mohd. Harun Abdullah  Baba Musta  Sarva Mangala Praveena  Ahmad Zaharin Aris 《Natural Resources Research》2011,20(1):45-56

A total of 20 soil samples were collected from 10 boreholes constructed in the low lying area, which included ancillary samples taken from the high elevation area. Redox processes were investigated in the soil as well as groundwater in the shallow groundwater aquifer of Manukan Island, Sabah, Malaysia. Groundwater samples (n = 10) from each boreholes were also collected in the low lying area to understand the concentrations and behaviors of Fe and Mn in the dissolved state. This study strives to obtain a general understanding of the stability behaviors on Fe and Mn at the upper unsaturated and the lower-saturated soil horizons in the low lying area of Manukan Island as these elements usually play a major role in the redox chemistry of the shallow groundwater. Thermodynamic calculations using PHREEQC showed that the groundwater samples in the study area are oversaturated with respect to goethite, hematite, Fe(OH)₃ and undersaturated with respect to manganite and pyrochroite. Low concentrations of Fe and Mn in the groundwater might be probably due to the lack of minerals of iron and manganese oxides, which exist in the sandy aquifer. In fact, high organic matters that present in the unsaturated horizon are believed to be responsible for the high Mn content in the soil. It was observed that the soil samples collected from high elevation area (BK) comprises considerable amount of Fe in both unsaturated (6675.87 mg/kg) and saturated horizons (31440.49 mg/kg) compared to the low Fe content in the low lying area. Based on the stability diagram, the groundwater composition lies within the stability field for Mn²⁺ and Fe²⁺ under suboxic condition and very close to the FeS/Fe²⁺ stability boundary. This study also shows that both pH and Eh values comprise a strong negative value thus suggesting that the redox potential is inversely dependent on the changes of pH.  相似文献