An experimental transplantation to select the optimal site for restoration of the eelgrass Zostera marina in the Taehwa River estuary     

Jung-Im Park  Jeong Bae Kim  Kun-Seop Lee  Min Ho Son 《Ocean Science Journal》2013,48(4):311-318

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Morphology and molecular characterization of the epiphytic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cf. rhathymum in temperate waters off Jeju Island, Korea     

An Suk Lim  Hae Jin Jeong  Tae Young Jang  Nam Seon Kang  Sung Yeon Lee  Yeong Du Yoo  Hyung Seop Kim 《Ocean Science Journal》2013,48(1):1-17

Prorocentrum spp. are planktonic and/or benthic species. Benthic Prorocentrum species are of primary concern to scientists and the public because some of them are toxic. We established clonal cultures of 3 strains of Prorocentrum species that were collected from the thalli of a macroalga in the coastal waters off Jeju Island, located at the southern end of Korea. The Korean strains of P. cf. rhathymum, which are morphologically almost identical to the Virgin Island strain of P. rhathymum, were different from P. mexicanum because the former dinoflagellate has one simple collar-like spine in the periflagellar area, while the latter dinoflagellate has a 2- or 3-horned spine. In addition, the sequences of the small subunit (SSU) rDNA of the Korean strains were identical to those of the Malaysian and Floridian strains of P. rhathymum, while the sequences of the large subunit (LSU) rDNA of the Korean strains were 0.1–0.9% different from those of the Iranian and Malaysian strains of P. rhathymum. In phylogenetic trees based on the SSU rDNA sequences, the Korean strains of P. rhathymum formed a clade with the Malaysian and Floridian strains of P. rhathymum and the Vietnamese and Polynesian strains of P. mexicanum. However, in phylogenetic trees based on the LSU rDNA sequences, the Korean strains of P. rhathymum formed a clade with the Iranian strain of P. rhathymum and the Spanish and Mexican strains of P. mexicanum. Therefore, the molecular characterization of the Korean strains does not allow us to clearly classify them as P. rhathymum, nor P. mexicanum, although their morphology has so far been reported to be closer to that of P. rhathymum than P. mexicanum and thus we designated them as P. cf. rhathymum.  相似文献   

Multisite statistical downscaling model for daily precipitation combined by multivariate multiple linear regression and stochastic weather generator   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

D. I. Jeong  A. St-Hilaire  T. B. M. J. Ouarda  P. Gachon 《Climatic change》2012,114(3-4):567-591

This study provides a multi-site hybrid statistical downscaling procedure combining regression-based and stochastic weather generation approaches for multisite simulation of daily precipitation. In the hybrid model, the multivariate multiple linear regression (MMLR) is employed for simultaneous downscaling of deterministic series of daily precipitation occurrence and amount using large-scale reanalysis predictors over nine different observed stations in southern Québec (Canada). The multivariate normal distribution, the first-order Markov chain model, and the probability distribution mapping technique are employed for reproducing temporal variability and spatial dependency on the multisite observations of precipitation series. The regression-based MMLR model explained 16?%?~?22?% of total variance in daily precipitation occurrence series and 13?%?~?25?% of total variance in daily precipitation amount series of the nine observation sites. Moreover, it constantly over-represented the spatial dependency of daily precipitation occurrence and amount. In generating daily precipitation, the hybrid model showed good temporal reproduction ability for number of wet days, cross-site correlation, and probabilities of consecutive wet days, and maximum 3-days precipitation total amount for all observation sites. However, the reproducing ability of the hybrid model for spatio-temporal variations can be improved, i.e. to further increase the explained variance of the observed precipitation series, as for example by using regional-scale predictors in the MMLR model. However, in all downscaling precipitation results, the hybrid model benefits from the stochastic weather generator procedure with respect to the single use of deterministic component in the MMLR model.  相似文献   

The potential of vegetation feedback to alleviate climate aridity over the United States associated with a 2×CO2 climate condition     

Chang-Eui Park  Chang-Hoi Ho  Su-Jong Jeong  Jinwon Kim  Song Feng 《Climate Dynamics》2012,38(7-8):1489-1500

This study examines the potential impact of vegetation feedback on changes in summer climate aridity over the contiguous United States (US) due to the doubling of atmospheric CO₂ concentration using a set of 100-year-long climate simulations made by a global climate model interactively coupled with a dynamic vegetation model. The Thornthwaite moisture index (I _m ), which quantifies climate aridity on the basis of atmospheric water supply (i.e., precipitation) and atmospheric water demand (i.e., potential evapotranspiration, PET), is used to measure climate aridity. Warmer atmosphere and drier surface resulting from increased CO₂ concentration increase climate aridity over most of the contiguous US. This phenomenon is due to larger increments in PET than in precipitation, regardless of the presence or absence of vegetation feedback. Compared to simulations without active dynamic vegetation feedback, the presence of vegetation feedback significantly alleviates the increase in aridity. This vegetation-feedback effect is most noticeable in the subhumid regions such as southern, midwestern and northwestern US, primarily by the increasing vegetation greenness. In these regions, the greening in response to warmer temperatures enhances moisture transfer from soil to atmosphere by evapotranspiration (ET). The increased ET and subsequent moistening over land areas result in weaker surface warming (1–2?K) and PET (3–10?mm?month^?1), and greater precipitation (4–10?mm?month^?1). Collectively, they result in moderate increases in I _m . Our results suggest that moistening by enhanced vegetation feedback may prevent aridification under climatic warming especially in areas vulnerable to climate change, with consequent implications for mitigation strategies.  相似文献   

Eruption and emplacement of a laterally extensive, crystal-rich, and pumice-free ignimbrite (the Cretaceous Kusandong Tuff, Korea)     

Y.K. Sohn  M. Son  J.O. Jeong  Y.M. Jeon 《Sedimentary Geology》2009,220(3-4):190

The Cretaceous Kusandong Tuff, Korea, is a thin (1–5 m thick) but laterally extensive (~ 200 km) silicic ignimbrite emplaced in a fluviolacustrine basin adjacent to a continental volcanic arc. The tuff has been used as an excellent key bed because of its great lateral continuity and unique lithology, characterized by the virtual absence of juvenile clasts and an abundance of quartz and feldspar crystals (up to 55–73 vol.%). The tuff is mostly massive and ungraded and locally shows crude internal layering, basal inverse grading and near-top normal grading of crystals, either erosional or non-erosional lower surfaces, and flat-lying to imbricated grain fabrics. Fragile intraformational clasts of mudstone and tuff are also included. These features provide only ambiguous information on the properties of the responsible pyroclastic density currents: i.e. whether they were dense and laminar or dilute and turbulent. The overall lateral continuity and sheet-like geometry of the tuff suggests, however, that the transport system of the currents was highly expanded, dilute, and turbulent. A plug-flow or slab-flow model cannot explain the origin of crude internal layering, imbricated grain fabrics, and the high crystal content, which is most likely the result of vigorous sorting processes within a dilute and turbulent current. Features indicative of deposition from a dense and laminar transporting medium are locally present, suggesting that a dense and laminar depositional system could develop locally at the base of the dilute and turbulent transport system. The virtual absence of juvenile clasts in the tuff is interpreted to be due to rapid ascent, sudden decompression, and full fragmentation of silicic magma into fine glass shards and crystals. Scarcity of basement-derived accidental components together with the absence of pumiceous fallout deposits beneath the tuff is interpreted to be due to shallow-level fragmentation of magma followed by immediate generation of pyroclastic density currents from shallow-level blasts at the onset of eruption. The eruption occurred through multiple vent sites in a short period of time, producing a seemingly single but actually composite ignimbrite unit. Such an eruption was probably possible because of a regional tectonic event within the basin or in its vicinity. It is proposed that a composite ignimbrite with the characteristics of the Kusandong Tuff can be an exemplary product of syntectonic volcanism that can provide an insight into the interpretation of structural and stratigraphic evolution of a sedimentary basin.  相似文献   

Hydrothermal fluid-controlled remagnetization of sedimentary rocks in Korea: Tectonic importance of pervasive Tertiary remagnetization     

Wonnyon Kim  Seong-Jae Doh  Yongjae Yu  Jeong Jick Lee  Dongwoo Suk 《Tectonophysics》2009,474(3-4):684-695

In order to better understand the tectonic environment of the Korean Peninsula since Cretaceous, a paleomagnetic study was carried out on the Jinan Basin located in southwestern Korea. From the demagnetization of 597 samples, we found that remanence is carried by pyrrhotite and/or magnetite (black siltstone) and hematite (red siltstone), which is a common magnetic mineral assemblage of the rocks remagnetized in Early Tertiary in Korea. All the rock units recorded identical ancient geomagnetic field directions. In particular, paleodirections were better clustered in geographic coordinates, indicating a secondary origin. The presence of abundant silicates as inclusions within Fe-oxides and Fe-sulfides confirms the authigenic origin of the magnetic carriers, precipitated by fluid mediated chemical processes. Compilation of the Korean Cretaceous and Tertiary poles indicates that the Jinan Basin was remagnetized in the Early Tertiary age. In addition, comparison of the Korean Cretaceous and Tertiary poles with those from adjacent major terrains including China and Siberia reveals that a dominant feature of tectonic motions in Korea was a vertical-axis rotation. Sense of vertical-axis rotation was time-dependent, with clear distinction between clockwise rotation in Cretaceous and counter-clockwise rotation in Early Tertiary. Such differences in the mode of vertical axis rotation might be caused by the activities of basin-bounding strike–slip faults in Korea, possibly driven by the changes of subduction regime of the Kula-Pacific plate in Early Tertiary.  相似文献   

Load–settlement behavior of rock-socketed drilled shafts using Osterberg-Cell tests     

Hoonil Seol  Sangseom Jeong   《Computers and Geotechnics》2009,36(7):1134-1141

Osterberg-Cell (O-Cell) tests are widely used to predict the load–settlement behavior of large-diameter drilled shafts socketed in rock. The loading direction of O-Cell tests for shaft resistance is opposite to that of conventional downward load tests, meaning that the equivalent top load–settlement curve determined by the summation of the mobilized shaft resistance and end bearing at the same deflection neglects the pile-toe settlement caused by the load transmitted along the pile shaft. The emphasis is on quantifying the effect of coupled shaft resistance, which is closely related to the ratios of pile diameter to soil modulus (D/E_s) and total shaft resistance to total applied load (R_s/Q) in rock-socketed drilled shafts, using the coupled load-transfer method. The proposed analytical method, which takes into account the effect of coupled shaft resistance, was developed using a modified Mindlin’s point load solution. Through comparisons with field case studies, it was found that the proposed method reasonably estimated the load-transfer behavior of piles and coupling effects due to the transfer of shaft shear loading. These results represent a significant improvement in the prediction of load–settlement behaviors of drilled shafts subjected to bi-directional loading from the O-Cell test.  相似文献   

The impact of considering uncertainty in measured calibration/validation data during auto-calibration of hydrologic and water quality models     

Haw Yen  Yamen Hoque  Robert Daren Harmel  Jaehak Jeong 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2015,29(7):1891-1901

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Peculiarities of the abundance of chemical elements in the atmosphere of PMMR23-red supergiant in the Small Magellanic Cloud due to interstellar gas accretion     

A. V. Yushchenko  V. F. Gopka  A. V. Shavrina  V. A. Yushchenko  S. V. Vasileva  S. M. Andrievsky  A. A. Raikov  S. Kim  P. Rittipruk  Y. Jeong  Y.-W. Kang 《Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies》2017,33(5):199-216

The chemical composition of the PMMR23 red supergiant located in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) is analyzed. The abundance of 35 chemical elements and the upper limits of abundance for Tl and U are found. The relative abundance of heavy elements is higher by 0.6–1.0 dex with respect to iron peak elements. The spectra of several SMC red supergiants PMMR27, PMMR28, and PMMR144—located in the region where the velocities of stars and interstellar gas are quite high— show the emission components in the wings of the hydrogen line. This emission is not detected for PMMR23. A possibility of interstellar gas accretion on the atmospheres of PMMR23 and other supergiants in Magellanic Clouds is discussed. The analysis is carried out using spectra measured at ESO 3.6 m telescope with the spectral resolving power R = 30000.  相似文献   

西南极利文斯顿岛百耳斯半岛中生代火山岩地球化学特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑祥身  李钟益 《岩石学报》1998,14(4):503-519

西南极利文斯顿岛百耳斯半岛中生代火山岩是晚侏罗纪至晚白垩纪三期火山活动的产物。岩石普遍贫钾,轻稀土元素略为富集,但轻重稀土分馏不强烈;Ｓｒ、Ｋ、Ｒｂ、Ｂａ、Ｔｈ等大离子亲石元素（ＬＩＬ）明显富集,Ｎｂ和Ｔａ明显亏损,过渡金属族元素Ｃｒ和Ｎｉ强烈亏损,表明它们属于火山弧环境中生成的钙碱性系列岩石。白垩纪中期和白垩纪晚期岩石的８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ比值主要在０．７０３９～０．７０５３之间变化,εＮｄ＞０,８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ相对１／Ｓｒ、Ｒｂ、Ｋ和ＳｉＯ２等的变化不大,表明其源区岩浆可能直接来自上地幔,很少受到壳源物质的混染。而晚侏罗纪火山岩的Ｓｒ同位素比值较高,说明早期岩浆可能受到少量地壳物质的混染。但在Ｔｈ／Ｔａ－Ｔｈ和Ｔｈ／Ｓｍ－Ｔｈ图解上所有岩石的投影点分布趋势相同,趋势线的斜率＞０。百耳斯半岛中生代火山岩是上地幔部分熔融生成的同源岩浆不同期的产物  相似文献