XVIth INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING     

C. D. Burnside  Secretary  I. J. Dowman    D. W. Proctor    J. E. Farrow    K. B. Atkinson    D. A. Tait    J. A. Allan    R. A. Baldwin   《The Photogrammetric Record》1989,13(73):3-25

The XVIth International Congress of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, organised by the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, was held in the Kyoto International Conference Hall from 1st to 10th July, 1988. The activities of the seven technical commissions of ISPRS were described at a meeting of the Photogrammetric Society on 18th October, 1988. The meeting also heard about the Congress Exhibition and the deliberations of the General Assembly during the Congress. Papers from the Congress were published in the International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 27.  相似文献   

Dielectric constants of topaz,orthoclase and scapolite and the oxide additivity rule     

Robert D. Shannon  Robert A. Oswald  George R. Rossman 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1992,19(3):166-170

The dielectric constants and dissipation factors of topaz, scapolite and orthoclase were determined at 1 MHz using a two-terminal method and empirically determined edge corrections. The results are: topaz κ′ _a =6.61 tan δ=0.0005 κ′ _b =6.82 tan δ=0.0007 κ′ _c =6.81 tan δ=0.0007 orthoclase κ′ _a =4.69 tan δ=0.0007 κ′ _b =5.79 tan δ=0.0007 κ′ _c =5.63 tan δ=0.0011 κ′ ₁₁ =4.72 κ′ ₂₂ =5.79 κ′ ₃₃ =5.76 scapolite κ′ _a =6.74 tan δ=0.0004 κ′ _c =8.51 tan δ=0.0004 The deviation (Δ) between measured dielectric polarizabilities as determined from the Clausius-Mosotti equation and those calculated from the sum of ion polarizabilities according to α _D (mineral)=∑α_D (ions) for topaz is 2.5%. The large deviations of orthoclase and scapolite from the oxide additivity rule with δ=+7.2 and + 17.6%, respectively, are attributed to “rattling” K ions in orthoclase and “rattling” (Na,K,Ca) ions and disordered O⁼ and Cl^- ions in scapolite.  相似文献   

Climatological and hydrographic influences on nearshore food webs off the southeastern United States: bacterioplankton dynamics     

Roger B. Hanson  Lawrence R. Pomeroy  Jack O. Blanton  B.A. Biddanda  S. Wainwright  S.S. Bishop  J.A. Yoder  L.P. Atkinson 《Continental Shelf Research》1988,8(12)

Bacterioplankton productivity, numbers, and cell specific activity were studied in nearshore waters of the southeastern U.S. continental shelf during seasons of maximum freshwater discharge. In April 1984, coastal waters were stratified from normal spring discharge and typical northeastward wind stress. In April 1985, shelf waters were vertically homogeneous due to below normal runoff and southwestward wind stress. In 1984, nearshore bacterial productivity ranged from 7.0 to 14.7 × 10⁶ cells l⁻¹ h⁻¹ and midshelf rates were 40–50% less. In 1985, nearshore productivity ranged from 0.9 to 2.4 × 10⁶ cells 1⁻¹ h⁻¹, and productivity was extremely patchy over the entire shelf. The cell-specific activity (thymidine incorporation per cell) suggests that although productivity was high in 1984, only a fraction of the bacterioplankton was actively growing or incorporating thymidine (0.9–2.9 × 10⁻²¹ mol cell⁻¹ h⁻¹). In 1985, a higher percentage of cells appeared to be active and incorporating thymidine (5–13 × 10⁻²¹mol cell⁻¹h⁻¹) even though productivity was low. Hydrographic conditions along the southeastern coastline may have had a significant impact on the overall community structure and carbon flow through the microbial food web. When coastal waters were stratified in 1984, bacterial biomass was a significant percentage (35–320%) of the phytoplankton biomass. During vertically homogeneous conditions of 1985, bacterial production and biomass were a small percentage (2–13%) of the phytoplankton production and biomass across the shelf. The interannual variation in the microbial food web was attributed to the interannual variability of the southeastern U.S. hydrology due to changes in freshwater discharge and wind direction and intensity. The ecological implications of these results extend to the potential impact of seasonal microbial food webs on nearshore allochothonous and autochothonous organics before removal from the southeastern U.S. coastline.  相似文献   

Documentation of soil conditions at liquefaction and non-liquefaction sites from 1999 Chi–Chi (Taiwan) earthquake     

Daniel B. Chu  Jonathan P. Stewart  Shannon Lee  J. S. Tsai  P. S. Lin  B. L. Chu  Raymond B. Seed  S. C. Hsu  M. S. Yu  Mark C. H. Wang 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2004,24(9-10):647

The 1999 Chi–Chi, Taiwan, earthquake provides case histories of ground failure and non-ground failure that are valuable to the ongoing development of liquefaction susceptibility, triggering and surface manifestation models because the data occupy sparsely populated parameter spaces (i.e. high cyclic stress ratio and high fines content with low to moderate soil plasticity). In this paper, we document results from several large site investigation programs conducted in Nantou, Wufeng and Yuanlin, Taiwan. The seismic performance of the investigated sites include non-ground failure building and free-field sites, building sites with partial foundation bearing failures, free-field lateral spread sites, and free-field level ground sites with sediment boils. Field and laboratory investigation protocols for the sites are described, including cone penetration testing (some with pore pressure and shear wave velocity measurements) and rotary wash borings with standard penetration testing (including energy measurements). Implications of the SPT energy measurements with respect to established guidelines for the estimation of SPT energy ratio (including short rod corrections) are presented. Finally, data for three example sites are shown that illustrate potential applications of the data set, and which also demonstrate a condition where existing liquefaction analysis procedures fail to predict the observed field performance.  相似文献   

New Insight Into The Step-Drawdown Test In Fractured-Rock Aquifers   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lee C. Atkinson  John E. Gale  Collin R. Dudgeon 《Hydrogeology Journal》1994,2(1):9-18

Review of the historical development of the step-drawdown pumping test and interpretations of well test data using the step-drawdown method indicates considerable differences in the importance attributed to head losses in the artificial environment (e.g., the gravel pack and screen) in the immediate vicinity of the wellbore and the losses resulting from non-laminar flow in the aquifer itself. These differences appear to be greatest when attempts have been made to apply the step-drawdown analysis to data from wells in fractured rock aquifers. The empirical flow-head loss relationship for a single, hydraulically-rough, open fracture have been incorporated into a mathematical expression for two-regime, radial, convergent flow. The resulting equation estimates the laminar and non-laminar head losses resulting from flow to a well over a range of flow rates. Combining these head loss components yields a non-linear relationship between production, Q, and drawdown, s, that is similar to those observed for actual step-drawdown tests in fractured rock aquifers. These test data are well approximated by: s = BQ + CQⁿ where both B and C are assumed to be constants and n is typically in the range of 2.0 to 3.0.  相似文献   

Atmospheric chemistry of the monoterpene reaction products nopinone,camphenilone, and 4-acetyl-1-methylcyclohexene     

Roger Atkinson  Sara M. Aschmann 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1993,16(4):337-348

Rate constants for the gas-phase reactions of OH radicals with nopinone (6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-2-one) and camphenilone (3,3-dimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one) and for the reactions of 4-acetyl-1-methylcyclohexene with OH and NO₃ radicals and O₃ have been measured at 296±2 K. The rate constants (cm³ molecule^–1 s^–1 units) obtained were, for reaction with the OH radical: nopinone, (1.43±0.37)×10^–11; camphenilone, (5.15±1.44)×10^–12; and 4-acetyl-1-methylcyclohexene, (1.29±0.33)×10^–10; for reaction with the NO₃ radical: 4-acetyl-1-methylcyclohexene, (1.05±0.38)×10^–11; and for reaction with O₃: 4-acetyl-1-methylcyclohexene, (1.50±0.53)×10^–16. These data are used to calculate the tropospheric lifetimes of these monoterpene atmospheric reaction products.  相似文献   

Exploring the Digital Divide in an Australian Regional City: a case study of Albury     

John Atkinson  Rosemary Black  Allan Curtis 《The Australian geographer》2008,39(4):479-493

The ‘digital divide’ is generally considered to be the gap between people who have access to information and communication technologies (ICT) and those who do not, and an issue of significant social justice. This paper presents findings from research that explored the digital divide within the regional city of Albury. The study focused on assessing whether there was a digital divide; identifying strategies to address any divide; and developing a methodology that could be used to explore the digital divide in other contexts. Data were gathered using semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and a telephone survey of city residents. Findings demonstrated that a digital divide existed in that there were differences in computer access in relation to income and different locations within the city, and for access to the Internet by age, education and income levels. Overall, the patterns indicated that those with lower education and income and the elderly reported lower levels of access to ICT. Drawing on the research findings we suggest some practical ways of addressing the digital divide that could be applied to other similar locations where a digital divide exists, such as providing technical support and training, improved access to and awareness of ICT services, and facilitating access to ICT services such as the provision of appropriate hardware and software for disadvantaged groups. Our view is that the mixed-method approach we employed provided helpful, reliable information at reasonable cost and could be considered by other researchers and local governments.  相似文献   

Ground-motion prediction equations for interface earthquakes of M7 to M9 based on empirical data from Japan     

Hadi Ghofrani  Gail M. Atkinson 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2014,12(2):549-571

Ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) have a major impact on seismic hazard estimates, because they control the predicted amplitudes of ground shaking. The prediction of ground-motion amplitudes due to mega-thrust earthquakes in subduction zones has been hampered by a paucity of empirical ground-motion data for the very large magnitudes (moment magnitude (M) $>$ 7) of most interest to hazard analysis. Recent data from Tohoku M9.0 2011 earthquake are important in this regard, as this is the largest well-recorded subduction event, and the only such event with sufficient data to enable a clear separation of the overall source, path and site effects. In this study, we use strong-ground-motion records from the M9 Tohoku event to derive an event-specific GMPE. We then extend this M9 GMPE to represent the shaking from other M $>$ 7 interface events in Japan by adjusting the source term. We focus on events in Japan to reduce ambiguity that results when combining data in different regions having different source, path and site effect attributes. Source levels (adjustment factors) for other Japanese events are determined as the average residuals of ground-motions with respect to the Tohoku GMPE, keeping all other coefficients fixed. The mean residuals (source terms) scale most steeply with magnitude at the lower frequencies; this is in accord with expectations based on overall source-scaling concepts. Interpolating source terms over the magnitude range of 7.0–9.0, we produce a GMPE for large interface events of M7–M9, for NEHRP B/C boundary site conditions (time-averaged shear-wave velocity of 760 m/s over the top 30 m) in both fore-arc and back-arc regions of Japan. We show how these equations may be adjusted to account for the deeper soil profiles (for the same value of $\hbox {V}_\mathrm{S30})$ in western North America. The proposed GMPE predicts lower motions at very long periods, higher motions at short periods, and similar motions at intermediate periods, relative to the simulation-based GMPE model of Atkinson and Macias (2009) for the Cascadia subduction zone.  相似文献   

Magnitude Estimation for the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake Based on Ground Motion Prediction Equations     

Attieh Eshaghi  Kristy F. Tiampo  Hadi Ghofrani  Gail M. Atkinson 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2015,172(8):2139-2155

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Slow Slip History for the MEXICO Subduction Zone: 2005 Through 2011     

Shannon Graham  Charles DeMets  Enrique Cabral-Cano  Vladimir Kostoglodov  Baptiste Rousset  Andrea Walpersdorf  Nathalie Cotte  Cécile Lasserre  Robert McCaffrey  Luis Salazar-Tlaczani 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2016,173(10-11):3445-3465

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