土壤碳蓄积量变化的影响因素研究现状   总被引：37，自引：2，他引：37  

王绍强  刘纪远 《地球科学进展》2002,17(4):528-534

土壤碳库的动态平衡影响作物产量和土壤肥力的高低，是土壤肥力保持和提高的重要研究内容。简要评述了土壤理化特性、温度和降水变化、大气CO₂浓度上升、人类的农业活动对土壤有机碳蓄积量的影响，介绍了当前对土壤碳蓄积量动态变化的研究进展，认为应加强气候变化和土地利用/土地覆被变化与土壤碳循环研究的结合，提高对陆地生态系统碳循环变化的认识，并需要从生态环境保护的利益和可持续发展的理论出发，进一步加强土地管理方式的改变，促进土壤有机质的积累，提高土壤对碳的固定。  相似文献   

从板块理论看辽宁大地构造轮廓   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵光慧  邵会文 《东北地震研究》1999,15(1):29-36

据近十年来１：５万区域地质调查及有关科研成果资料，应用板块构造理论对辽宁境内板块构造进行了轮廓性的讨论。划分出天山－赤峰陆缘活动带和华北陆块两个二级构造单元；辽东地块，辽西地块，泛河微地块，浑河构造接合带，下辽河裂陷等五个三级单元及清源绿岩带，辽吉夭蜇裂谷带两个可能存在的四级单元。  相似文献   

山东及邻区调制地震异常特征与短临指标研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘西林  华爱军  马玉香 《高原地震》1998,(4)

利用调制地震方法通过对山东及邻区１９７０年以来的所有定位地震进行时间空间扫描。对该研究区内１０个ＭＬ≥５．５级地震前的调制地震频度、小震调制比Ｒｍ、小震调制异常面积Ｓｒｍ和调制地震条带的异常变化进行分析。研究表明,震前调制小震频度的突跳、Ｒｍ－ｔ图出现第３次突跳和Ｓｒｍ异常区的连续多次重迭和调制地震条带交汇区可以作为中强地震时、空、强三要素短临预报指标。  相似文献   

郯庐断裂带地震活动特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

林怀存  郭爱香  华爱军 《高原地震》1994,(1)

本文较为详细地研究了郯庐断裂带及附近地区的地震活动，其主要结果为：１、郯庐断裂带地震活动由四个地震活动区段组成，该带活动的主体区段是那城─—渤海─—海城．２、郯庐断裂带地震活动的周期性是形成邦城─—海城区段中强地震活动的主要原因．３、郯庐断裂带中北段（邦城─—海城）Ｍ≥６．０级地震具有较好的迁移规律．４、郯庐断裂带近代小震活动表现出南段随机性，中段呈线性，北段具有密集区带性等特点。５、郯庐断裂带震源深度表现出南、北段浅，中段深，且散度大的特点。６、郯庐断裂带Ｑ值分布表明，沂沭带介质强度的完整性较差。  相似文献   

Influence of regional pollution and sandstorms on the chemical composition of cloud/fog at the summit of Mt. Taishan in northern China     

Yan Wang  Jia Guo  Tao Wang  Aijun Ding  Jian Gao  Yang Zhou  Jeffrey L. Collett  Wenxing Wang 《Atmospheric Research》2011,99(3-4):434-442

Cloud/fog samples were collected during spring of 2007 in the highly polluted North China Plain in order to examine the impact of pollution and dust particles on cloud water chemistry. The volume weighted mean pH of cloud water was 3.68. The cloud acidity was shown to be associated with air mass origins. Cloud water with its air mass trajectories originating from the southern part of China was more acidic than those from northern China. Anthropogenic source and dust had obvious impact on cloud water composition as indicated by the very high mean concentrations of SO₄^2? (1331.65 μeq L^? 1), NO₃^? (772.44 μeq L^? 1), NH₄⁺ (1375.92 μeq L^? 1) and Ca²⁺ (625.81 μeq L^? 1) in the observation periods. During sandstorm days, cloud pH values were relatively high, and the concentrations of all the ions in cloud water reached unusual high levels. Significant decreases in the mass concentrations of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ were observed during cloud events. The average scavenging ratio for PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ was 52.0% and 55.7%, respectively. Among the soluble ions in fine particles, NO₃^?, K⁺ and NH₄⁺ tend to be more easily scavenged than Ca²⁺ and Na⁺.  相似文献   

Research Progress on the Problem of Fluid,Heat and Energy Distribution near the Earthquake Source Area     

Yan Rui  Jiang Changsheng  Shao Zhigang  Zhou Longquan  Li Yingchun 《中国地震研究》2011,25(4):378-394

As the basic problems in seismology, fluid, heat and energy distribution near earthquake sources during earthquake generation have been the leading subjects of concern to seismologists. Currently, more and more research shows fluid around earthquake source areas, which plays an important role in the process of earthquake preparation and generation. However, there is considerable controversy over the source of fluid in the deep crust. As for the problem of heat around earthquake source areas, different models have been proposed to explain the stress heat flow paradox. Among them, the dynamic weakening model has been thought to be the key to solving the heat flow paradox issue. After large earthquakes, energy distribution is directly related to friction heat. It is of timely and important practical significance to immediately implement deep drilling in-site surveying to gain understanding of fluid, friction heat and energy distribution during earthquake generation. The latest international progress in fluid, heat and energy distribution research has been reviewed in this paper which will bring important inspiration for the understanding of earthquake preparation and occurrence.  相似文献   

关于震源附近流体、热和能量分配问题的研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

晏锐  蒋长胜  邵志刚  周龙泉  李迎春 《中国地震》2011,27(1):14-28

作为地震学的基本问题,地震发生过程中震源附近流体、热与能量的分配问题一直是地震学家关注的前沿课题.目前,越来越多的研究表明震源附近存在流体,且流体在地震的孕育、发生过程中起重要作用,但对深部流体的来源尚存较大争议.对于震源区的热问题,自应力热流佯谬提出以来,不同的模型被用于解释热流佯谬相关问题,其中动态弱化被认为可能是解决热流佯谬的关键.摩擦产生的热能与能量分配问题直接相关,大地震发生后,立即进行深钻现场测量对认识地震发生过程中震源附近的流体、摩擦热能及能量分配问题具有时效性和重要现实意义.本文回顾了国际上有关震源附近流体、热及能量分配问题的最新研究进展,这些问题的研究将对认识地震的孕育和发生过程带来重要启示.  相似文献   

Development,implementation, and skill assessment of the NOAA/NOS Great Lakes Operational Forecast System     

Philip Y. Chu  John G. W. Kelley  Gregory V. Mott  Aijun Zhang  Gregory A. Lang 《Ocean Dynamics》2011,61(9):1305-1316

The NOAA Great Lakes Operational Forecast System (GLOFS) uses near-real-time atmospheric observations and numerical weather prediction forecast guidance to produce three-dimensional forecasts of water temperature and currents, and two-dimensional forecasts of water levels of the Great Lakes. This system, originally called the Great Lakes forecasting system (GLFS), was developed at The Ohio State University and NOAA’s Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) in 1989. In 1996, a workstation version of the GLFS was ported to GLERL to generate semi-operational nowcasts and forecasts daily. In 2004, GLFS went through rigorous skill assessment and was transitioned to the National Ocean Service (NOS) Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS) in Silver Spring, MD. GLOFS has been making operational nowcasts and forecasts at CO-OPS since September 30, 2005. Hindcast, nowcast, and forecast evaluations using the NOS-developed skill assessment software tool indicated both surface water levels and temperature predictions passed the NOS specified criteria at a majority of the validation locations with relatively low root mean square error (4–8 cm for water levels and 0.5 to 1°C for surface water temperatures). The difficulty of accurately simulating seiches generated by storms (in particular in shallow lakes like Lake Erie) remains a major source of error in water level prediction and should be addressed in future improvements of the forecast system.  相似文献   

A new trend analysis for seasonal time series with consideration of data dependence     

Quanxi Shao  Ming Li 《Journal of Hydrology》2011,396(1-2):104-112

  相似文献   

渭北２０１０年７月下旬区域性大暴雨天气过程分析          下载免费PDF全文

张淑敏  李伟  周丹  杨亚丽 《陕西气象》2011,(3):7-11

应用2008年7月1日08时-20时逐3hT639数值预报产品和高低空实况场资料,对2008年7月1日阳泉市的冰雹天气过程进行综合分析,结果表明：T639的24h形势预报场误差不大,但蒙古冷涡中心位置预报略偏北;应用其物理量预报场并结合阳泉本地冰雹的预报指标,能够较为准确的预报出该次大冰雹过程,说明T639数值预报产品对本地冰雹过程有一定的预报能力。  相似文献