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Automatic pickings in earthquake real-time monitoring systems often contain noise bursts and/or phases of different event(s)
occurring almost simultaneously. Typically, a locator uses these picks as P and S waves arrival times coming from a single
event and, therefore, should be complemented by a distinctive phase association logic. The method we propose manages to automatically
associate data related to different events and eliminates the influence of spoiled data from single events. The method is
based on “network beamforming”, a robust and stable algorithm, which utilizes a hypocenter grid search for the stack maximum
of a set of complex exponents applied to the P phase readings. The algorithm separates the residual outliers and then uses
them for location. If successful, a hypocenter is established for the interfering event. The solutions obtained are overall
robust and independent from the estimate of origin times. The preliminary epicenter for the grid search is provided by the
intersection of perpendicular bisectors in the modified “arrival order algorithm” or by the modified “Tnow” algorithm, which uses non-arrival information. We applied this method to automatic first arrival phase readings of 915 events
registered by the Hi-net Japan seismic network and our results are statistically promising. Here, we present two interesting
and complicated examples. 相似文献
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This paper describes occurrence probabilities and patterns of trans-equatorial proton (TEP), deuteron (TED) and helium (TEH) whistler from the ISIS-2 satellite in time compressed dynamic spectra. It is shown that the TEP whistlers have high occurrence probability in an active solar period, while the TED whistler has low occurrence probability. In a quiet solar period, the TEP whistler has a relatively lower occurrence probability than the TED whistler. The TEP whistler in a quiet solar period shows a strong seasonal variation. That is a higher occurrence probability in the winter than in the summer in the Northern Hemisphere. The curve of occurrence probability of the TED whistler has a valley (no occurrence) at the noon in a solar active period. The minimum occurrence probabilities, which depend on geomagnetic activity appear at about KP = 4-5. These phenomena seem to be explained by using the bouncing surface diagram of multicomponent and inhomogeneous plasmas with various proton density. The spectral pattern of trans-equatorial ion whistlers and calculation of an approximate equation with regard to deuteron effect show that relative proton densities to electrons NP/Ne decrease with increasing solar activity. 相似文献