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Spatial and temporal variation of organic carbon in the northern South China Sea revealed by sedimentary records 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jianfang Hu Xuesong Sun Ping'an Peng Gan Zhang Allan R. Chivas 《Quaternary International》2009,206(1-2):46
Three sediment cores were taken from the Pearl River estuary and adjacent northern South China Sea (SCS). These sediment cores span the time interval 1900–2000 AD. The stratigraphy of the concentration, the ratio of total organic carbon (TOC) to total nitrogen (TN) and stable isotope (δ13Corg) of organic carbon (OC) from three high-resolution sediment cores were analyzed. The stratigraphic profiles of OC concentration, TOC/TN ratios and δ13Corg for the near past 100 yrs indicate that terrestrial organic matter decreases from 68.3% to 27.4% of the TOC in the Pearl River estuary, while Dapeng Bay (offshore east of Hong Kong) apparently had throughout little terrestrial organic matter input. The highest deposited OC occurs at the Humen River mouth and the OC concentrations are higher in the outer estuary than in the inner shelf of the northern SCS. The deposited OC at the River mouth increased with time, which could be caused by the high precipitation of land-derived organic matter and the high input of terrestrial organic matter, which is likely related to the rapid urbanization and industrial development in the Pearl River Delta since the 1970s. The OC concentrations did not exhibit an obvious increase with time in most areas of the Pear River estuary and adjacent inner shelf of the SCS, but the algal-derived OC concentration inferred from the δ13Corg values increased with time especially from 1980 to 2000 in the outer Pearl River estuary and Dapeng Bay. This increase is presumably caused by enhanced primary marine productivity supported by higher anthropogenic nutrient inputs. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTThis review article discusses the climate, water resources and historical droughts of Africa, drought indices, vulnerability, impact of global warming and land use for drought-prone regions in West, southern and the Greater Horn of Africa, which have suffered recurrent severe droughts in the past. Recent studies detected warming and drying trends in Africa since the mid 20th century. Based on the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), both northern and southern Africa are projected to experience drying, such as decreasing precipitation, runoff and soil moisture in the 21st century and could become more vulnerable to the impact of droughts. The daily maximum temperature is projected to increase by up to 8°C (RCP8.5 of CMIP5), precipitation indices such as total wet day precipitation (PRCPTOT) and heavy precipitation days (R10 mm) could decrease, while warm spell duration (WSDI) and consecutive dry days (CDD) could increase. Uncertainties of the above long-term projections, teleconnections to climate anomalies such as ENSO and the Madden-Julian Oscillation, which could also affect the water resources of Africa, and capacity building in terms of physical infrastructure and non-structural solutions are also discussed. Given that traditional climate and hydrological data observed in Africa are generally limited, satellite data should also be exploited to fill the data gap for Africa in the future.
Editor D. Koutsoyiannis; Associate editor N. Ilich 相似文献
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凤凰山花岗闪长岩与凤凰山铜矿床在成因上关系密切,通过对未蚀变花岗闪长岩中的角闪石和斜长石进行岩石学观察及详细的矿物成分分析,并利用角闪石-斜长石矿物平衡温压计反演角闪石、斜长石结晶时的温压条件,进一步探讨花岗闪长岩的形成条件及其成岩成矿意义。电子探针分析结果显示,角闪石分子中Si=6.37~7.16p.f.u.(p.f.u.为每单位晶胞),Mg/(Fe2++Mg)=0.63~0.76,Al(Ⅳ)T=0.84~1.63p.f.u.,属于镁角闪石和镁钙闪石。斜长石牌号An变化范围为:23~36,主要为更长石和中长石。通过角闪石-斜长石温压计的计算,得出早期角闪石结晶压力为446MPa~474MPa,对应的岩体侵位深度为14.72km~15.63km,结晶温度为1 066.39℃~1 070.55℃;晚期角闪石结晶压力为100MPa~191MPa,对应的岩体侵位深度为3.32km~6.32km,结晶温度为784.26℃~822.7℃。综合分析表明凤凰山花岗闪长岩是来自于深部幔源的岩浆沿断裂上侵至中下地壳(约15km),形成深部岩浆房,并发生结晶分异和同化混染作用,随后在构造扰动下,深部岩浆房中的岩浆沿构造薄弱面再次上侵至近地表(3km~6km),经冷凝固结形成的。矿物温压计算结果和区域地层学资料显示,自141 Ma以来,凤凰山矿区遭受剥蚀的主要是地层,岩体以及矿床的剥蚀程度较小,属于保存条件较为完好的成矿系统,而当前凤凰山铜矿勘探和开采深度不足1km,因此,深部具有较好的找矿前景。 相似文献
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采用再力花和菖蒲构建湿地床,以考察其对污染河水的净化效果。6个月的连续试验表明:在水力负荷为0.24 m3/(m2.d)、植物种植密度大于158株/m2的条件下,2种植物存活率均大于93%,说明植物能适应低污染负荷、高种植密度的无土培养环境;再力花和菖蒲湿地床月均去除率分别为:总氮(TN),48.22%~78.53%和43.23%~72.42%;总磷(TP),77.62%~85.67%和58.07%~80.77%。再力花湿地床对TN、TP的净化效果好于菖蒲湿地床;2种植物吸收N、P含量分别占去除总量的比例:N为44.14%、37.75%,P为73.43%、62.05%。湿地床技术可有效去除来水中的TN、TP,通过植物吸收作用累积N、P含量较高,不同种类的植物构建湿地床对污染河水中N、P去除效果存在显著差异,且硝化反硝化和植物吸收是去除N的主要途径,而植物吸收是去除P的有效手段。 相似文献
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深圳地区中生代火山地层分布区是我国东南沿海浙闽粤港火山活动带的一个重要组成部分,是我国沿海地区侏罗纪—白垩纪火山地层较有代表性地段,也是研究我国东南沿海侏罗纪—白垩纪火山活动的天然博物馆。近期通过野外观察,测制火山地层剖面,进行锆石同位素激光定年测试,对大鹏半岛国家地质公园中生代火山地层的时代提出新的认识,将原划分为上侏罗统高基坪群划分为早—中侏罗世塘厦组(181.8 Ma?)、中侏罗世吉岭湾组(165.8 Ma)、晚侏罗世梧桐山组(156.9~145.6 Ma)、晚侏罗世—早白垩世七娘山组(146.3~131.0 Ma)、早白垩世官草湖群等。 相似文献