电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定锡矿石中锡钨钼铜铅锌   总被引：5，自引：5，他引：0  

杨惠玲  夏辉  杜天军  白露  秦九红  铁锦林 《岩矿测试》2013,32(6):887-892

锡矿石是难分解的矿物,共生与伴生元素多,其中的锡钨钼在单一盐酸溶液中易沉淀,准确测定锡矿石中的主次量元素一直是分析技术难点。本文以过氧化钠为熔剂,高温熔融样品,在酒石酸-盐酸-双氧水体系中进行酸化,选用该矿种中仅含有少量的钴作为内标,建立了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱同时测定锡矿石中锡钨钼铜铅锌的分析方法。方法线性范围为0.00~40.0 mg/L;方法检出限为锡10 mg/kg,钨30 mg/kg,钼3.3 mg/kg,铜12 mg/kg,铅15 mg/kg,锌40 mg/kg;方法精密度(n = 9)小于5.0%,实际样品的测定值与传统化学方法及国家标准方法的测定值吻合较好。本方法采用过氧化钠碱熔锡矿石,溶样彻底,并省去了氢氟酸挥发硅的蒸酸过程,节约了样品处理时间;采用酒石酸-双氧水-盐酸体系溶解熔融物,有利于溶液中的锡钨钼形成稳定的络合物,避免了单纯盐酸体系下产生钨酸、钼酸和锡酸沉淀导致测定结果偏低的问题。  相似文献   

Study on the characteristics and formation mechanism of the typical post-fire debris flow in Lushan area of Xichang City: A case study of 3^# branch on the left bank of Xiangshuigou     

TIE Yongbo  XU Ruge  LIU Hong  WANG Jiazhu  BA Renji  XIANG Anping  YANG Jian  OUYANG Yuan  ZHANG Yu  WANG Hong 《中国地质调查》2014,7(3):82-88

On March 30, 2020, a forest fire broke out in Liangshan area of Xichang City in Sichuan Province. After the fire, the ash and burnt soil easily developed into debris flow in case of heavy rainfall, which brought potential geological hazard risks to the ecological environment of Lushan and safety of local people's lives and properties in Qionghai and Lushan areas. Taking 3^# branch on the left bank of Xiangshuigou in Anha Town as an example, the authors conducted field investigation, UAV aerial photography, geophysical exploration, field and indoor experiments to study the fluid characteristics, dynamic parameters and genetic mechanism of the post-fire debris flow on May 1, 2020. The features of movement, provenance scale and deduced precipitation were also systematically analyzed. This achievement could provide some reference for the study of the development trend of the post-fire debris flow and the mitigation of disasters in this area.  相似文献   

A prediction model for debris flows triggered by a runoff-induced mechanism     

Bin Yu  Yuan Zhu  Tao Wang  Yuanjing Chen  Yunbo Zhu  Yongbo Tie  Ke Lu 《Natural Hazards》2014,74(2):1141-1161

Many debris flows were triggered within and also outside the Dayi area of the Guizhou Province, China, during a rainstorm in 2011. High-intensity short-duration rainfall was the main triggering factor for these gully-type debris flows which are probably triggered by a runoff-induced mechanism. A revised prediction model was introduced for this kind of gully-type debris flows with factors related to topography, geology, and hydrology (rainfall) and applied to the Wangmo River catchment. Regarding the geological factor, the “soft lithology” and “loose sediments” in the channel were added to the list of the average firmness coefficient for the lithology. Also, the chemical weathering was taken into account for the revised geological factor. Concerning the hydrological factor, a coefficient of variation of rainfall was introduced for the normalization of the rainfall factor. The prediction model for debris flows proposed in this paper delivered three classes of the probability of debris flow occurrence. The model was successfully validated in debris flow gullies with the same initiation mechanism in other areas of southwest China. The generic character of the model is explained by the fact that its factors are partly based on the initiation mechanisms and not only on the statistical analyses of a unique variety of local factors. The research provides a new way to predict the occurrence of debris flows initiated by a runoff-induced mechanism.  相似文献   

气溶胶对云中水成物粒子荷电情况的影响     

王宁宁  谭涌波  师正  郭秀峰 《南京气象学院学报》2013,5(4):331-335

利用已有的二维雷暴云起电模式,加入气溶胶模块,建立一个完善的雷暴云起电模式.结合SEET个例,初步探讨了气溶胶浓度对雷暴云内各种水成物粒子荷电情况的影响.发现气溶胶的浓度与雷暴云内云滴、霰粒、冰雹以及雨滴等水成物粒子在空间所携带的最大电荷面密度值以及电荷量有很好的正相关性;同时气溶胶粒子浓度的增加使得雨滴在空间携带电荷量达到峰值的时间有一定提前.  相似文献   

线状特征约束下基于四元数描述的LiDAR点云配准方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王永波  杨化超  刘燕华  牛晓楠 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2013,(9):1057-1062

针对经典的基于同名点状特征匹配的LiDAR点云配准算法存在计算量大,点状特征提取精度低,以及基于七参数转换模型的LiDAR点云配准算法中方程线性化过程对配准精度影响较大的特点,提出了以线状特征作为LiDAR点云配准的基元,利用四元数法来表达旋转矩阵,进而形成线状特征约束下基于四元数描述的LiDAR点云配准方法,给出了线状特征约束下三维相似变换的相似性测度表达方法,推导并论证了以线状特征作为配准基元时同名线状特征需要满足的条件。根据四元数与旋转变换矩阵之间的对应关系,求解了基于四元数法的旋转矩阵,并根据旋转矩阵求解了平移及缩放系数。  相似文献   

明、清、民国时期地图要素视觉表达方法分析     

韩朝阳  马晨燕  刘樯漪  李永波 《地球信息科学学报》2016,18(1):68-76

自明代杰出的地图学家罗洪先（1504-1564年）所编制的《广舆图》（1541年）和利玛窦带来西方精确地图测绘技术开始,中国的地图制图技术已经迈入了近代地图学的门槛,因此,明-清-民国是中国近代地图学从雏形走向成熟的完整阶段^[1]。随着现代地图的应用与发展广泛、深入,抽象的概括型地图符号及普通的二维平面地图已不能满足读图者的需求,制图者开始探索虚拟现实、三维地图等表达方法,这与中国近代传统制图的写景法有异曲同工之处。所以,对中国近代地图制图技术及表现方法的研究,对于现代地图学的发展具有重要作用。本文通过阅读大量的中国近代（即明、清、民国时期）的地图资料,查阅前人的研究资料,总结和提炼了中国明、清、民国3个不同时期地图制图的技术,分别阐述了3个时期地图要素、表示方法及其制图技术的发展。  相似文献   

陆地沉积物对大洋缺氧事件的响应：六盘山群黑色页岩地球化学特征及其意义     

戴霜  刘学  赵杰  张明震  刘俊伟  孔立  朱强  黄永波 《地学前缘》2012,19(4):255-259

通过对六盘山群中上部湖相沉积中一层黑色页岩年代（113.45~112.98 Ma）及其下部泥灰岩的元素地球化学特征研究发现,黑色页岩形成于干热而相对湿润气候背景下的缺氧还原环境中,与典型缺氧事件黑色页岩的地球化学特征基本一致,说明该黑色页岩记录了六盘山地区对全球白垩纪大洋缺氧事件OAE1b (约113～111 Ma)的响应,可能指示该期大洋缺氧事件是一次全球性的气候变化事件。  相似文献   

公路施工中预防水泥混凝土路面断板措施探讨     

帖金鑫 《安徽地质》2005,15(4):316-317

路面发生断板,致使水泥混凝土路面使用性能下降,严重影响了公路运输的效益和行车安全,本文根据多年施工经验,提出在施工中预防断板的有效措施,供水泥混凝土路面施工参考。  相似文献   

农业最佳管理措施在全分布式水文模型中的表达——以罗玉沟流域为例(英文)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴辉  刘永波  刘军志  朱阿兴 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2014,5(2):179-184

农业最佳管理措施(BMPs)是为了减少由农业活动引起的非点源污染,防止污染物进入受纳水体的一系列措施。分布式水文模型是流域非点源污染模拟和BMPs评估的重要工具。利用分布式水文模型评估BMPs在水土保持、拦沙减污的有效性,首先要在模型中对BMPs进行刻画和表达。但是,在全分布式水文模型中,如何进行BMPs表达的研究比较缺乏。本文以黄土高原丘陵沟壑区典型小流域罗玉沟流域为例,基于一个全分布式模型,SEIM(Spatially Explicit Integrated Modeling)模型,逐步介绍如何在该模型中进行BMPs的表达,以及评估它们的水文响应。罗玉沟流域面积约为73 km2,流域内侵蚀严重,其中暴雨侵蚀占年平均输沙量的60%以上。本研究选择了3种BMPs,分别是退耕还林、梯田和免耕耕作,并在模型中对这些管理措施进行表达。措施表达的方法是通过修改该措施所在地块的主要物理参数,以此来描述其对流域水文过程的影响。通过在一个暴雨事件的情景模拟,结果表明梯田的减沙效益较高,最大到达97.3%,免耕措施的平均减沙率最小,约为9.5%,退耕还林的平均减沙率介于这两者之间,为75.6%。  相似文献   

CLDASSD: Reconstructing Fine Textures of the Temperature Field Using Super-Resolution Technology     

Ruian TIE  Chunxiang SHI  Gang WAN  Xingjie HU  Lihua KANG  Lingling GE 《大气科学进展》2022,39(1):117-130

Before 2008,the number of surface observation stations in China was small.Thus,the surface observation data were too sparse to effectively support the High-resolution China Meteorological Administration’s Land Assimilation System(HRCLDAS)which ultimately inhibited the output of high-resolution and high-quality gridded products.This paper proposes a statistical downscaling model based on a deep learning algorithm in super-resolution to research the above problem.Specifically,we take temperature as an example.The model is used to downscale the 0.0625°×0.0625°,2-m temperature data from the China Meteorological Administration’s Land Data Assimilation System(CLDAS)to 0.01°×0.01°,named CLDASSD.We performed quality control on the paired data from CLDAS and HRCLDAS,using data from 2018 and 2019.CLDASSD was trained on the data from 31 March 2018 to 28 February 2019,and then tested with the remaining data.Finally,extensive experiments were conducted in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region which features complex and diverse geomorphology.Taking the HRCLDAS product and surface observation data as the"true values"and comparing them with the results of bilinear interpolation,especially in complex terrain such as mountains,the root mean square error(RMSE)of the CLDASSD output can be reduced by approximately 0.1℃,and its structural similarity(SSIM)was approximately 0.2 higher.CLDASSD can estimate detailed textures,in terms of spatial distribution,with greater accuracy than bilinear interpolation and other sub-models and can perform the expected downscaling tasks.  相似文献