Spatial aspects of organochlorine contamination in northern fur seal tissues     

Loughlin TR  Castellini MA  Ylitalo G 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,44(10):1024-1034

Northern fur seals from the Pribilof Islands, Alaska (St. George Is. and St. Paul Is.) were examined for organochlorine contamination (OC) and whether the organochlorine levels differed between the populations and were at levels that may adversely affect their health. Fur seal blubber and milk samples were obtained from pups, sub-adult males, and adult females on both Pribilof Islands. These samples were analyzed for organochlorine contaminants including dioxin-like PCBs and other selected PCBs and pesticides by high performance liquid chromatography/photodiode array. Results showed that there are clear differences between the two islands in the patterns of fur seal OC distribution. Generally, these differences are confined to the PCBs with only minimal differences in the DDTs. There are also clear biological differences in the levels shown between milk, pup blubber, and sub-adult male blubber. When considering blubber, St. George Is. fur seals show higher OC levels than St. Paul Is., for both pups and sub-adults. On the other hand, milk samples from St. Paul Is. showed higher PCB levels than St. George Is. For the milk, the overall OC levels may impact the immune function of the pups, but are probably of only minimal impact to humans. However, for blubber, the overall toxic equivalency shows levels exceeding those levels recommended for human consumption at St. George Is. and approaching those levels at St. Paul Is. The concentration curves suggest that the movement of OC in and out of milk follows a complex set of reactions dependent on how the OC compounds on a congener level are associated with lipid. In fact, there is some evidence that they may not follow the lipid as closely as we had thought and that lipid levels can vary without impacting the total OC level in the milk.  相似文献   

宝石刻面的六边形构图：抓住这转瞬即逝的灵感源     

Stacy.TR  曹志敏 《国外地质(成都)》1990,(1):14-19

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Shock-heated NH3 in a Molecular Jet Associated with a High-Mass Young Star     

Zhang Q  Hunter TR  Sridharan TK  Cesaroni R 《The Astrophysical journal》1999,527(2):L117-L120

We present the discovery of shock-excited NH3 in a well-collimated jet associated with the extremely young high-mass star IRAS 20126+4104. The NH3 (3, 3) and (4, 4) emission is dominated by three clumps along the SiO jet. At the end of the jet, there exists strong and broad (+/-10 km s-1) NH3 (3, 3) emission. With typical brightness temperatures greater than 500 K, the overall emission indicates a weakly inverted population and appears in an arc, consistent with the excitation by bow shocks. There are two bright spots in the NH3 (3, 3) emission with brightness temperatures of approximately 2000 K. The narrow line width (1.5 km s-1 FWHM), the small sizes (<0&farcs;3), and the unusually high brightness temperature of the features are indicative of maser emission. Our observations provide clear evidence that NH3 (3, 3) masers are excited in shock regions in molecular outflows.  相似文献   

有限球面上的重力中间层改正公式     

孟令顺 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1981,(4)

众所熟知,在重力测量结果的各项外部改正中,中间层改正是一项很重要的内容,以往的中间层改正是把测点与总基点之间的物质层当作密度均匀,厚度为h的无限大水平层来处理,这一水平层在外部空间任意点所产生的重力值△g=2πGσh,这样相应的中间层改正公式为:  相似文献   

The infrared emission bands. II. A spatial and spectral study of the Orion Bar     

Bregman JD  Allamandola LJ  Tielens AG  Geballe TR  Witteborn FC 《The Astrophysical journal》1989,344(2):791-798

We have studied the spectral and spatial distribution across the Orion Bar of the 3-14 micrometers emission, including hydrogen Brackett alpha and 12.8 micrometers [Ne II] emission lines and several "dust" emission features. The data indicate that the "dust" consists of three components; (1) "classical" dust with a temperature of approximately 60 K accounting for emission longward of 20 micrometers, (2) amorphous carbon particles or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) clusters (approximately 400 C atoms) which produce broad emission features in the 6-9 and 11-13 micrometers bands, and (3) free PAHs which emit in sharper bands (most strongly at 3.3, 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, and 11.3 micrometers). The 3.3 and 11.3 micrometers features, which are due to C-H modes, are well correlated spatially, while the 7.7 micrometers band, due to C=C modes, has a different distribution than the 3.3 and 11.3 micrometers bands. We conclude that the sharp emission bands arise in the photodissociation transition region between the H II region and the molecular cloud and are not present in the H II region. The broad continuum feature extending from 11-13 micrometers is strong in both regions. Previous broad-band observations of the 10 and 20 micrometers flux distributions, which show that the 10 micrometers radiation extends farther into the neutral gas to the south than the 20 micrometers radiation, suggest that some of the 10 micrometers flux is supplied via a nonthermal mechanism, such as fluorescence.  相似文献   

Titan's 5 micrometers spectral window: carbon monoxide and the albedo of the surface     

Noll KS  Geballe TR  Knacke RF  Pendleton YJ 《Icarus》1996,124(2):625-631

We have measured the spectrum of Titan near 5 micrometers and have found it to be dominated by absorption from the carbon monoxide 1-0 vibration-rotation band. The position of the band edge allows us to constrain the abundance of CO in the atmosphere and/or the location of the reflecting layer in the atmosphere. In the most likely case, 5 micrometers radiation is reflected from the surface and the mole fraction of CO in the atmosphere is qCO=10(+10/-5) ppm, significantly lower than previous estimates for tropospheric CO. The albedo of the reflecting layer is approximately 0.07(+0.02/-0.01) in the 5 micrometers continuum outside the CO band. The 5 micrometers albedo is consistent with a surface of mixed ice and silicates similar to the icy Galilean satellites. Organic solids formed in simulated Titan conditions can also produce similar albedos at 5 micrometers.  相似文献   

Phosphorus and nitrogen effects on microbial euendolithic communities and their bioerosion rates     

Carreiro-Silva M  Kiene WE  Golubic S  McClanahan TR 《Marine pollution bulletin》2012,64(3):602-613

Cages and fertilizers were used at Glover's Atoll, Belize to test the relative importance of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to microbial euendolithic communities (bacteria, algae and fungi) and their bioerosion rates of Strombus gigas shells after 56-days of exposure. By the end of the experiment, the abundance of green algae was higher than cyanobacteria and fungi in N and N+P treatments, although green algae did not increase proportionally with increasing N concentrations, suggesting that green algae were co-limited by P and N. In contrast, cyanobacteria abundance increased with increasing P concentration, suggesting that cyanobacteria were P-limited. Fungi were not significantly affected by the addition of nutrients. Microbioerosion rates in the N and N+P treatments were 2-times greater than rates in the P treatment and 15-times greater than the control treatment. Results demonstrate that increased nutrient concentrations on coral reefs may increase microbioerosion rates, and variations in nutrient ratios can modify microborers community composition.  相似文献   

瞬变电磁法在山东某金矿尾矿库安全隐患排查中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张善法  孟令顺  杜晓娟 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2010,40(5):1177-1182

尾矿库是矿山安全生产的重大危险源之一,采空区的探测是尾矿库安全隐患排查治理的关键。为了验证应用瞬变电磁法探测采空区的有效性、研究其异常特征及获取此类异常的解释方法,首先选择深度为11～106 m不等的3条已知巷道和1处已知隧道进行了现场模拟试验,均取得明显的相对高阻异常反映;然后根据模拟试验结果在尾矿库区布设了总长度2 975 m 的10条探测剖面进行实测,得到了相似的高阻异常结果;最后选取数据处理后的Ⅰ、Ⅱ剖面作为实例,进行了异常解释。试验研究表明,瞬变电磁法应用于金矿尾矿库隐患查找是经济、快速、有效的,甚至对深度小于20 m塌陷危害严重的“半盲区”也有明显的反映。  相似文献   

重力异常图中的边界增强和提取技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

肖锋  吴燕冈  孟令顺 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2011,41(4):1197-1203

对比了重磁勘探领域中4种典型的边界增强方法：Tilt导数、Tilt导数的水平梯度、Theta角和归一化的标准偏差,它们都能放大与边界有关的高频异常。增强后异常幅值极大值与地质体边界对应的情况可用近似边界法自动提取,而异常幅值拐点与边界对应的情况可以引入Canny边界检测算子来提取。理论模型试验表明：用Canny算子提取Tilt导数图边界与用近似边界检测法提取其它边界增强图的边界相比,前者提取的边界位置与真实位置更吻合,虚假边界更少。应用该方法对梅山铁矿的局部重力异常进行了处理,勾画出铁矿的大致范围。  相似文献   

带状区域GPS大地高转换成正常高的研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

于小平  杨国东  许惠平  肖锋  赵震宇  刘财  孟令顺 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2007,37(1):185-189

在对GPS测高与水准测量理论及其异同分析的基础上,阐述了确定似大地水准面的原理与方法,分析了用数学模型法和少量GPS高程点与水准点重合,将GPS大地高直接转换为具有厘米量级正常高的实现方法。实验结合黑龙江省虎林地区的地形特点,提出了用线性内插法、平面模型法和二次曲面模型法等来转换GPS高程,证明在该地区可以通过少量且分布合理的水准点来直接求出具有厘米量级的正常高,且精度可以达到四等水准测量的精度要求,满足一般工程的需要。  相似文献