Redox processes and occurrence of arsenic in a volcanic aquifer system of Kumamoto Area,Japan     

Shahadat Hossain  Takahiro Hosono  Kiyoshi Ide  Midori Matsunaga  Jun Shimada 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(9):740

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Benefits of flood-prone land use and the role of coping capacity,Candaba floodplains,Philippines     

Andrea M. Juarez-Lucas  Kelly M. Kibler  Miho Ohara  Takahiro Sayama 《Natural Hazards》2016,84(3):2243-2264

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Pb-Sr isotopic evidence for contribution of deep crustal fluid to the Hishikari epithermal gold deposit, southwestern Japan     

Takahiro Hosono 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2004,222(1):61-69

The gold-bearing quartz-adularia veins of the world-class Hishikari mine in southwestern Japan occur in a geological regime where the rocks of the upper to middle crust are simple and their chemical and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions are well studied. Detailed comparison of Pb and Sr isotopic data of the Hishikari veins with those of all possible source materials demonstrates that metals in the veins were essentially derived from a mixture of magmatic fluid with a deep crustal fluid that originated near the boundary between the Shimanto middle crust and the underlying subcontinental crustal materials. We propose that the release of the deep crustal fluid was triggered by intrusion of the Shishimano rhyodacite magma related to timing of the mineralization. This fluid mixture carried metals to the brittle upper crust along fissures created by extensional stress forming the ore deposits. Although the deep crustal fluid has not been paid much attention, it may be distributed over a large scale in the deep crust from the continent to the arc system and play an important role in the genesis of magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits and in the generation of flow-induced deep tremor.  相似文献   

The hydrogeology of granitic rocks in deep boreholes used for compressed air storage     

Takumi Shidahara  Takahiro Oyama  Kameichiro Nakagawa 《Engineering Geology》1993,35(3-4):207-213

The compressed air energy storage(CAES) is a much-awaited new system for load leveling power supply. An economical system must be developed, preventing leakage of stored air (with pressures of more than 20 atm) using groundwater pressure surrounding an unlined cavern in hard rock. The air tightness of the rock around the cavern must be confirmed. In this study, the hydrogeology of the test site was examined prior to field air tightness tests in the borehole. The results indicate that, when evaluating the hydrogeology of the test site related to the air tightness of rocks, it is necessary to understand the geological structure and fracture characteristics of the site. This is done by means of a field survey, investigations and tests in and between the boreholes, and the examination of the distribution of permeability and pore water pressures.  相似文献   

Pyroclastic flows from the 1991 eruption of Unzen volcano,Japan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Takahiro Yamamoto  Shinji Takarada  Shigeru Suto 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1993,55(3):166-175

Pyroclastic flows from Unzen were generated by gravitational collapse of the growing lava dome. As soon as the parental lobe failed at the edge of the dome, spontaneous shattering of lava occurred and induced a gravity flow of blocks and finer debris. The flows had a overhanging, tongue-like head and cone- or rollershaped vortices expanding outward and upward. Most of the flows traveled from 1 to 3 km, but some flows reached more than 4 km, burning houses and killing people in the evacuated zone of Kita-kamikoba on the eastern foot of the volcano. The velocities of the flows ranged from 15 to 25 m/s on the gentle middle flank. Observations of the flows and their deposits suggest that they consisted of a dense basal avalanche and an overlying turbulent ash cloud. The basal avalanche swept down a topographic low and formed to tongue-like lobe having well-defined levees; it is presumed to have moved as a non-Newtonian fluid. The measured velocities and runout distances of the flows can be matched to a Bingham model for the basal avalanche by the addition of turbulent resistance. The rheologic model parameters for the 29 May flow are as follows: the density is 1300 kg/m³, the yield strength is 850 Pa, the viscosity is 90 Pa s, and the thickness of the avalanche is 2 m. The ash cloud is interpreted as a turbulent mixing layer above the basal avalanche. The buoyant portions of the cloud produced ash-fall deposits, whereas the dense portions moved as a surge separated from the parental avalanche. The ash-cloud surges formed a wide devastated zone covered by very thin debris. The initial velocities of the 3 June surges, when they detached from avalanches, are determined by the runout distance and the angle of the energy-line slope. A comparison between the estimated velocities of the 3 June avalanches and the surges indicates that the surges that extended steep slopes along the avalanche path, detached directly from the turbulent heads of the avalanches. The over-running surge that reached Kita-Kamikoba had an estimated velocity higher than that of the avalanche; this farther-travelled surge is presumed to have been generated by collapse of a rising ash-cloud plume.  相似文献   

Differential geometric approach to the stress aspect of a fault: Airy stress function surface and curvatures     

Kazuhito Yamasaki  Takahiro Yajima 《Acta Geophysica》2012,60(1):4-23

We considered the two-dimensional stress aspect of a fault from the viewpoint of differential geometry. For this analysis, we concentrated on the curvatures of the Airy stress function surface. We found the following: (i) Because the principal stresses are the principal curvatures of the stress function surface, the first and the second invariant quantities in the elasticity correspond to invariant quantities in differential geometry; specifically, the mean and Gaussian curvatures, respectively; (ii) Coulomb’s failure criterion shows that the coefficient of friction is the physical expression of the geometric energy of the stress function surface; (iii) The differential geometric expression of the Goursat formula shows that the fault (dislocation) type (strike-slip or dip-slip) corresponds to the stress function surface type (elliptic or hyperbolic). Finally, we discuss the need to use non-biharmonic stress tensor theory to describe the stress aspect of multi-faults or an earthquake source zone.  相似文献   

Distribution of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers, alkenones and polyunsaturated fatty acids in suspended particulate organic matter in the East China Sea     

Takahiro Nakanishi  Masanobu Yamamoto  Tomohisa Irino  Ryuji Tada 《Journal of Oceanography》2012,68(6):959-970

We investigated the spatial distribution of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs), alkenones, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in particulate organic matter collected at four sites along a depth transect from the continental shelf to the Okinawa Trough in the East China Sea during the spring bloom in 2008. The maximum alkenone concentration appeared in the top 25?m at all sites and the $ U_{37}^{{{\text{K}}'}} $ values were consistent with in situ water temperatures in the depth interval, suggesting that the alkenones were produced mainly in surface water. At the slope and shelf sites, GDGTs in the water column showed a concentration maximum at 74?C99?m depth, and the $ {\text{TEX}}_{86}^{\text{H}} $ agreed with in situ water temperatures, suggesting the in situ production of GDGTs in the depth interval. The low-salinity surface water above 20?m depth was characterized by low GDGT concentrations and low $ {\text{TEX}}_{86}^{\text{L}} $ -based temperatures, suggesting either the production of GDGTs in winter season or the lateral advection of GDGTs by an eastward current. At the slope and Okinawa Trough sites, TEX₈₆-based temperatures were nearly constant in the water column deeper than 300?m and corresponded to temperatures at the surface and near-surface waters rather than in situ temperatures. This observation is consistent with a hypothesis that Thaumarchaeota cells produced in surface waters are delivered to deeper water and also indicates that the residence time of suspended GDGTs in the deep-water column is large enough to mix the GDGTs produced in different seasons.  相似文献   

Effects of environmental regulations on heavy metal pollution decline in core sediments from Manila Bay   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Takahiro Hosono  Chih-Chieh Su  Atsuko Amano 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(5):780-1745

We investigated the high-resolution heavy metal pollution history of Manila Bay using heavy metal concentrations and Pb isotope ratios together with ²¹⁰Pb dating to find out the effects of environmental regulations after the 1990s. Our results suggested that the rate of decline in heavy metal pollution increased dramatically from the end of the 1990s due to stricter environmental regulations, Administrative Order No. 42, being enforced by the Philippines government. The presented data and methodology should form the basis for future monitoring, leading to pollution control, and to the generation of preventive measures at the pollution source for the maintenance of environmental quality in the coastal metropolitan city of Manila. Although this is the first report of a reduction in pollution in Asian developing country, our results suggest that we can expect to find similar signs of pollution decline in other parts of the world as well.  相似文献   

Observations of wind-driven deepening of the surface mixing layer in the Tsushima strait     

Takahiro Endoh  Takeshi Matsuno  Yutaka Yoshikawa  Yasuto Tatsuyama  Joji Ishizaka 《Journal of Oceanography》2009,65(2):273-279

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A near-infrared survey of Miras and the distance to the Galactic Centre     

Noriyuki Matsunaga †  Takahiro Kawadu  Shogo Nishiyama †  Takahiro Nagayama  Hirofumi Hatano †  Motohide Tamura  Ian S. Glass  Tetsuya Nagata 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,399(4):1709-1729

We report the results of a near-infrared survey for long-period variables in a field of view of 20× 30 arcmin² towards the Galactic Centre (GC). We have detected 1364 variables, of which 348 are identified with those reported in Glass et al. We present a catalogue and photometric measurements for the detected variables and discuss their nature. We also establish a method for the simultaneous estimation of distances and extinctions using the period–luminosity relations for the JHK _s bands. Our method is applicable to Miras with periods in the range 100–350 d and mean magnitudes available in two or more filter bands. While J band means are often unavailable for our objects because of the large extinction, we estimated distances and extinctions for 143 Miras whose H - and   K _s  -band mean magnitudes are obtained. We find that most are located at the same distance to within our accuracy. Assuming that the barycentre of these Miras corresponds to the GC, we estimate its distance modulus to be  14.58 ± 0.02 (stat.) ± 0.11 (syst.) mag  , corresponding to  8.24 ± 0.08 (stat.) ± 0.42 (syst.) kpc  . We have assumed the distance modulus to the Large Magellanic Cloud to be 18.45 mag, and the uncertainty in this quantity is included in the above systematic error. We also discuss the large and highly variable extinction. Its value ranges from 1.5 mag to larger than 4 mag in     except towards the thicker dark nebulae and it varies in a complicated way with the line of sight. We have identified mid-infrared counterparts in the Spitzer /IRAC catalogue of Ramírez et al. for most of our variables and find that they follow rather narrow period–luminosity relations in the 3.6–8.0 μm wavelength range.  相似文献