Modeling of Oblique Load Test on Batter Pile Group Based on Support Vector Machines and Gaussian Regression     

Tanvi Singh  Mahesh Pal  V. K. Arora 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2018,36(3):1597-1607

This paper evaluates the potential of two machine learning approaches i.e. Support vector machine (SVR) and Gaussian processes (GP) regression to model the oblique load capacity of batter pile groups. Linear regression was used to compare the performance of both SVR and GP based regression approaches to model the oblique load. Data set used consists of 147 samples obtained from the laboratory experiments. Out of the total sample size, 105 randomly selected samples were used for training whereas remaining 42 were used for testing the models. Input data set consist of angle of oblique load, pile length, sand relative density, number of vertical piles, number of batter piles where as oblique load was considered as output. Two kernel functions i.e. Polynomial and radial based kernel function were used with both SVR and GP regression. A comparison of results suggest that radial basis function based SVR approach works well in comparison to GP and linear regression based approaches and it could successfully be employed in modelling the oblique load capacity of batter pile groups. Parametric analysis and sensitivity analysis suggest that loading angle, pile length and number of batter pile were important in prediction of oblique load.  相似文献   

Textures and compositions of cobalt pentlandite and cobaltian mackinawite from the Madan-Kudan copper deposit,Khetri Copper Belt,Rajasthan, India     

Abu Saeed Baidya  Atlanta Sen  Dipak C Pal 《Journal of Earth System Science》2018,127(4):56

The Khetri Copper Belt (KCB), a part of the Proterozoic Delhi–Aravalli fold belt in western India, hosts several Cu deposits, which are known to contain considerable Au, Ag, Co and Ni. Although many Co-bearing phases have been reported from the KCB and adjacent areas, detailed textural and geochemical data are either unavailable or scant except for mackinawite. In this study, we describe the textures and compositions (determined by EPMA) of two very rare Co-rich phases, namely cobaltian mackinawite (containing up to 12.68 wt.% Co, 1.90 wt.% Ni and 2.52 wt.% Cu) and cobalt-pentlandite (containing up to 49.30 wt.% Co and 10.19 wt.% Ni), identified based on composition, from the Madan-Kudan deposit. To the best of our knowledge, neither cobalt-pentlandite nor such highly Co-rich mackinawite have previously been reported from this area. The common sulphide minerals viz. chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite and rare pyrite occur in chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite ± pyrite-magnetite-chlorite-blue amphibole (Cl-rich hastingsite-pargasite-sadanagaite) ± marialitic scapolite ± allanite ± uraninite veins in amphibole-bearing feldspathic quartzite and garnetiferous chlorite schist. Cobaltian mackinawite is invariably associated with chalcopyrite and occurs as exsolution and inclusion within chalcopyrite or outside, but at the contact of chalcopyrite. On the other hand, cobalt-pentlandite is invariably associated with pyrrhotite and shows similar textural relation with pyrrhotite as that of mackinawite with chalcopyrite. Mineralogically diverse undeformed sulphide veins comprising Cl-rich amphibole and locally Cl-rich marialitic scapolite suggests epigenetic hydrothermal mineralization involving Cl-rich saline fluid in the Madan-Kudan deposit. Transport of metals, derived from a mafic source rock with high intrinsic Ni:Co ratio, by Cl-rich fluid can suitably explain the high Co:Ni ratio of the studied ore minerals. Presence of such highly Co-rich phases and other circumstantial evidences, enumerated in this work, are consistent with variants of Fe oxide (–Cu–Au) (IOCG) style mineralization, at least for some stages of mineralization in the Madan-Kudan deposit.  相似文献   

Investigation of the principal vectors of wetland loss in Barind tract of West Bengal     

Rajib Tarani Das  Swades Pal 《GeoJournal》2018,83(5):1115-1131

In last few decades flood plain wetland loss in the Barind tract of West Bengal has become a serious threat to the hydro-ecological setup and livelihood security. Out of total study area (6790.38 km²), only < 1% is covered with riparian wetland of different kinds. Moreover there is no definite wetland map in meso and micro spatial scale which is crucial for managing wetland. Therefore, present paper attempts to systematic mapping of riparian wetland, monitoring, estimating loss and investigating associated vectors of wetland loss. The result demonstrates that since 1988–2016, about 65% wetland has either lost or at the verge of loss. Heavy anthropogenic pressures like reclamation of 4% wetland to agriculture land, 35–50% dwindling of peak flow in Tangon, Punarbhaba and Atreyee rivers, average 3–4 m lowering down of ground water level, delinking of Tista system from off shoots channel as mentioned are the prime vectors of wetland transformation. Such disappointing incidents may invite shrinking of valuable biodiversity rich natural capital and precious habitat.  相似文献   

The influence of El Niño on the Indian summer monsoon rainfall anomaly: a diagnostic study of the 1982/83 and 1997/98 events     

Sutapa Chaudhuri  Jayanti Pal 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2014,124(3-4):183-194

The Indian summer monsoon of 1982 and 1997 depicts disparities, however, maximum sea surface temperature anomaly over Niño 3 region is observed in the following winter of both the years. The inter-annual variation of sea surface temperature anomaly shows maximum peak during 1982/83 and 1997/98 El Niño events. The inter-annual variation of multivariate ENSO index also supports the above observation. The analyses of the entire tropical Pacific basin including the equatorial region reveal an anomalous behavior of the mean sea level pressure (MSLP) and the convective activities. The observations further reveal that the negative anomaly in monsoon rainfall over India prevails throughout the monsoon season except for the month of August in 1982, while in the year 1997 the monsoon rainfall anomaly shows random variations. The comparison between the summer monsoon rainfall of 1982 and 1997 depicts that the magnitude of the positive anomaly is same in the month of August. The condition over tropical Pacific during 1982/83 and 1997/98 has been investigated through the variation of outgoing long wave radiation (OLR), MSLP and pressure vertical velocity. The time–longitude plots of OLR and MSLP reveal the changes in pressure distribution and convective pattern over the tropical equatorial Pacific. The zonal and meridional cross section of pressure vertical velocity over the tropical Pacific and tropical Indian Ocean facilitates to understand the strength of the vertical motion during the monsoons of 1982 and 1997.  相似文献   

Cloud–aerosol coupled index in estimating the break phase of Indian summer monsoon     

Sutapa Chaudhuri  Jayanti Pal 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2014,118(3):447-464

The Indian summer monsoon (ISM) is largely influenced by intra-seasonal variability like break and active phases of monsoon. In the present study, different cloud and aerosol parameters are considered and analyzed to formulate a cloud–aerosol coupled index (CACI) that can aid in forecasting the break phase of ISM. The method of principal component analysis is implemented to identify the significant cloud and aerosol parameters during break and active phases of ISM. The threshold ranges of each parameter are evaluated by using the normal probability density function. The result reveals that for break phase, the significant parameters are cloud water path (CWP), cloud optical depth, aerosol index, zonal wind (ZW), and meridional wind (MW) at 850 hPa pressure level whereas for active phase, the parameters found to be important are aerosol optical depth, CWP, ZW, and MW at 850 hPa pressure level. The significantly correlated (p?相似文献   

Track prediction of Indian Ocean cyclones using Lagrangian advection model     

Sanjeev Kumar Singh  C. M. Kishtawal  P. K. Pal 《Natural Hazards》2012,62(3):745-778

A new model has been developed for track prediction of Indian Ocean cyclones. The model utilizes environmental steering flow using the forecasts from a high-resolution global model and the effect due to earth??s rotation (the beta-effect) to determine the future movement of cyclone. A new approach based on vertical profile of potential vorticity is used to determine weights for different vertical levels for computation of mean steering current. Despite the fact that the model is based on the dynamical framework, the operational cost and time for running the model is only a fraction of what is needed by a normal numerical weather prediction model. This new approach will enhance flexibility in defining the initial position of the cyclone in the model, and also, it is possible to create a large ensemble of predicted tracks to assess the impact of the uncertainty of initial cyclone position on the predicted tracks. The performance of the model for ten cyclones, viz. GONU (02?C08 Jun, 2007), SIDR (11?C16 November, 2007), NARGIS (27 Apr?C04 May, 2008), RASHMI (25?C27 October, 2008) KHAI-MUK (14?C16 November, 2008), NISHA (25?C27 November, 2008), SEVEN (04?C08 December, 2008), BIJLI (14?C18 April, 2009), AILA (23?C26 May, 2009), and PHYAN (09?C11 November, 2009), have been tested in the present study. The forecast errors of the present model have been computed with respect to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center best track analysis positions. The forecast skill improvement (mean of ten cyclones) of the model with respect to the Climatology and Persistence (CLIPER) statistical model varies from 7 to 67?% between 12 and 72?h.  相似文献   

Response of lakes in Eastern Fennoscandia and Eastern Antarctica to climate changes     

N. N. Filatov  A. P. Georgiev  T. V. Efremova  L. E. Nazarova  N. I. Pal’shin  L. A. Rukhovets  A. V. Tolstikov  A. N. Sharov 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2012,444(2):752-755

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Conditions of formation of Cr-pyrope and escolaite during mantle metasomatism: Experimental modeling     

Yu. V. Bataleva  Yu. N. Pal’yanov  A. G. Sokol  Yu. M. Borzdov  N. V. Sobolev 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2012,442(1):76-80

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Apurba Kanta Choudhury (1938–2012)     

A. K. Majumdar  Chinmoy Pal 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2012,80(5):740-740

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Generation of emissivity and land surface temperature maps using MODIS TIR data for lithological mapping over the Singhbhum-Orissa Craton     

T. J. Majumdar  S. K. Pal  Amit K. Bhattacharya 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2012,80(5):685-699

The present study was undertaken with four fold objectives, namely, (i) to estimate land surface temperature using MODIS TIR data; (ii) to calculate relative emissivities from MODIS TIR data; (iii) to identify various lithologies based on relative emissivity and land surface temperature estimation; and finally, (iv) to carry out comparative assessment analysis between the prepared lithological map and the published lithological map. The land surface temperatures for different pixels were estimated using two methods, viz., Reference Channel and Emissivity Normalization; whereas, relative emissivities were calculated by applying three methods, viz., Reference Channel, Emissivity Normalization and Alpha Residual. Lithological maps were subsequently prepared based on the estimated land surface temperatures and relative emissivity values. The present study shows that the Emissivity Normalization method gives the best results for land surface temperature estimation and also for lithological discrimination based on emissivity estimation. Twenty-four lithounits demarcated by the present study match with those of the published map, while four lithounits of the published map could not be identified in the present study. On the other hand, six additional unclassified lithounits could be demarcated in the present study, which need to be crosschecked by field study.  相似文献