A history of breaking laws—Social dynamics of non-compliance in Vietnamese marine fisheries     

Wiebren J. Boonstra  Nguyen Bach Dang 《Marine Policy》2010

Whether or not fishers comply with regulation depends on the economic and social context in which they operate their vessels. This is how conventional theory explains the phenomenon of non-compliance. It treats state–community interaction processes not as direct causes for non-compliance but rather as background conditions shaping individual fishers’ perception and decisions for action. This paper argues that conventional theory fails to include the dynamics of tempo-relational processes between state and communities, which explains collective patterns of non-compliance in fisheries. The paper addresses this hiatus in the literature, using a process-sociological approach to analyse non-compliance in Vietnamese marine fisheries. The analysis highlights that Vietnamese marine fisheries are mainly regulated through informal networks of trust and mistrust, which function through their interplay with the highly centralised and formalised Vietnamese state. Based on this assessment, the paper concludes that outcomes of processes of the dynamic social interplay between state and communities are semi-dependent on individual perception and action, and as such have a causal effect of their own on patterns of non-compliance in fisheries.  相似文献   

Geoacoustic Inversions of Horizontal and Vertical Line Array Acoustic Data From a Surface Ship Source of Opportunity     

Stotts  S. A Koch  R. A. Joshi  S. M. Nguyen  V. T. Ferreri  V. W. Knobles  D. P. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2010,35(1):79-102

The application of an inversion methodology produces the first demonstration of a simultaneous solution for geoacoustic and source track parameters from acoustic data collected in a shallow-water, sandy sediment environment. Inversion solutions from data collected in the 2006 Shallow Water Experiment (SW06) are extracted from noise measurements of a surface ship source on an L-array. The methodology includes a screening algorithm to determine a set of frequencies for the inversion data. In addition, the methodology assesses the accuracy of the inversion solution and incorporates an estimation of parameter value uncertainties. The solution from the inversion of the horizontal component of the L-array data from the surface ship source before its closest point of approach (CPA) is used to construct modeled propagation loss for comparison with observed received level (RL) structure as the source departs from CPA. Inversion of the data from a single element in the vertical component of the L-array produces a solution that agrees with the solution obtained from the inversion of horizontal subaperture data. Also, modeled transmission loss (TL) structure obtained from the single-element inversion solution reproduces the depth dependence of the RL structure observed at other elements of the vertical component of the L-array.   相似文献   

Slow quasigeostrophic unstable modes of a lens vortex in a continuously stratified flow     

Hai Yen Nguyen  Richard Schopp  Xavier Carton 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(3):305-319

This work addresses the linear dynamics underlying the formation of density interfaces at the periphery of energetic vortices, well outside the vortex core, both in the radial and axial directions. We compute numerically the unstable modes of an anticyclonic Gaussian vortex lens in a continuously stratified rotating fluid. The most unstable mode is a slow mode, associated with a critical layer instability located at the vortex periphery. Although the most unstable disturbance has a characteristic vertical scale which is comparable to the vortex height, interestingly, the critical levels of the successively fastest growing modes are closely spaced at intervals along the axial direction that are much smaller than the vortex height.  相似文献   

周口店新发现距今11～1.9万年的洞穴堆积层的成因及年代学研究     

田明中  曹伯勋 《现代地质》1993,7(4):421-427

本文对周口店新发现距今11～1.9万年的东岭子洞穴堆积物进行了成因研究,认为该套堆积物并非全属岩溶堆积物,其中也有风成黄土沉积。应用古地磁、热发光及铀系法等年代学方法测定,认为这套堆积为距今11～1.9万年间沉积,弥补了周口店地区近5万年的晚更新世洞穴地层空缺,是一个含有丰富地质事件的晚更新世洞穴地层剖面。  相似文献   

江淮地区北部晚太古宙TTG质片麻岩   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

涂荫玖 《安徽地质》1994,(4)

江淮地区北部的灰色片麻岩是深成侵入的英云闪长岩－奥长花岗岩－花岗闪长岩，以高铝型为主，具弱的负Ｅｕ异常或不明显。从英云闪长岩到奥长花岗岩，ＴｉＯ＿２、ＦｅＯ、Ｃａ０、ＭｇＯ减少，而稀土元素分馏程度增加。形成于晚太古宙华北陆台南东大陆边缘挤压的构造环境下，由斜长角闪岩部分熔融而成。  相似文献   

我国月平均气温场遥相关结构的观测研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

施能  屠其璞 《南京气象学院学报》1993,16(4):479-483

研究了我国月平均气温场的遥相关结构。指出，我国冬季月份的气温场的跷跷板特征不明显。夏季月季有明显的遥相关结构。给出了各月的遥相关模态及强度。指出，月平均气温遥相关表现为从南向东北，西北方向的辐射状。在１０５°Ｅ以东呈东北－西南向。在１０５°Ｅ以西呈西北－东南向。这种遥相关结构是由环流异常造成的。而且可以在区域的月平均气温场预报中使用。  相似文献   

西南秦岭与西南贵州铀金成矿带及其与美国西部卡林型金矿床的类似性   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  

涂光炽 《铀矿地质》1990,6(6):321-325

经过野外和室内工作,作者提出,西南秦岭与西南贵州都是铀-金-汞-锑-砷(主要是雄黄雌黄,有时毒砂也重要)-铊成矿带。铀矿床的存在使这两个成矿带似乎区别于卡林成矿带,但实际上三者大同小异。本文概略讨论西南秦岭与西南贵州成矿带铀矿床与金矿床的地质背景、矿物组合、微量元素与同位素化学及成矿机制并与卡林型金矿床对比。  相似文献   

中国地势起伏度研究   总被引：58，自引：0，他引：58  

涂汉明  刘振东 《测绘学报》1991,20(4):311-319

  相似文献   

北半球增暖对我国气侯的影响     

屠其璞 《南京气象学院学报》1991,(3)

本文在分析100多年来北半球平均气温长期变化基本特征的基础上,讨论了北半球气温变化对我国气候变化的影响。结果表明,我国大范围气温距平与北半球平均气温有显著的正相关,长江中下游和华北平原的温度距平值平均为北半球平均气温距平的1.4-1.6倍。还表明,我国降水距平分布与北半球气温变化也有一定的联系。在北半球平均气温偏高和偏低年份,欧亚地区500hPa环流特征的差异是显著的。这表明,我国大范围气候距平与北半球平均气温距平的统计相关是有一定的物理基础的。  相似文献   

全球最优插值客观分析   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

屠伟铭  张跃堂 《气象学报》1995,53(2):148-156

主要叙述国家气象中心实时运行的全球资料同化系统中的客观分析方案，该方案采用最优插值统计方法，使用所有可以使用的各种类型有不同误差的观测资料和模式的６ｈ预报值，给出数值形式的全球分析值。在两年的业务运行中，为Ｔ４２中期数值预报谱模式提供了较好的初始场。  相似文献