Fast computation of Jacobian elliptic functions and incomplete elliptic integrals for constant values of elliptic parameter and elliptic characteristic     

Toshio Fukushima 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2009,105(1-3):245-260

In order to accelerate the numerical evaluation of torque-free rotation of triaxial rigid bodies, we present a fast method to compute various kinds of elliptic functions for a series of the elliptic argument when the elliptic parameter and the elliptic characteristic are fixed. The functions we evaluate are the Jacobian elliptic functions and the incomplete elliptic integral of the second and third kinds regarded as a function of that of the first kind. The key technique is the utilization of the Maclaurin series expansion and the addition theorems with respect to the elliptic argument. The new method is around 25 times faster than the method using the incomplete elliptic integral of general kind and around 70 times faster than the method using mathematical libraries given in the latest version of Numerical Recipes.  相似文献   

An introduction to the South China Sea throughflow: Its dynamics, variability, and application for climate   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

Tangdong Qu  Y. Tony Song  Toshio Yamagata 《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2009,47(1-3):3

The South China Sea throughflow (SCSTF) involves the inflow through the Luzon strait and the outflow through the Karimata, Mindoro, and Taiwan straits. Recent studies have suggested that the SCSTF act as a heat and freshwater conveyor, playing a potentially important role in regulating the sea surface temperature pattern in the South China Sea and its adjoining tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans. In this introductory paper, we attempt to convey the progress that has recently been made in understanding the SCSTF. We first provide an overview of existing observations, theories, and simulations of the SCSTF. Then, we discuss its interaction with the Pacific western boundary current and Indonesian throughflow. Finally, we summarize issues and questions that remain to be addressed, with special reference to the SCSTF's dynamics, variability, and implication for climate.  相似文献   

An earthquake swarm in the northern part of the Aso caldera and migration of their foci     

Akira Kubotera  Toshio Mitsunami   《Tectonophysics》1980,70(3-4):223-236

A seismicity gap was observed in the early stage of the activity of the earthquake swarm which has been taken place in the northern part of the Aso caldera during January 1975. In the following stage, small earthquakes began to occur, until at last the largest earthquake occured within the seismicity gap. The b-value appreciably increased after the largest earthquake. The above-mentioned characteristics of this earthquake swarm may be a typical example of the fracturing phenomena in relatively heterogeneous rocks. From the estimation of the ultimate strain energy that can be stored up in the seismicity gap, it may be concluded that the above-mentioned largest earthquake took place by the release of ultimate strain energy stored within the seismicity gap.  相似文献   

Transformation from Cartesian to Geodetic Coordinates Accelerated by Halley’s Method     

Toshio Fukushima 《Journal of Geodesy》2006,79(12):689-693

By using Halley’s third-order formula to find the root of a non-linear equation, we develop a new iterative procedure to solve an irrational form of the “latitude equation”, the equation to determine the geodetic latitude for given Cartesian coordinates. With a limit to one iteration, starting from zero height, and minimizing the number of divisions by means of the rational form representation of Halley’s formula, we obtain a new non-iterative method to transform Cartesian coordinates to geodetic ones. The new method is sufficiently precise in the sense that the maximum error of the latitude and the relative height is less than 6 micro-arcseconds for the range of height, −10 km ≤ h ≤ 30,000 km. The new method is around 50% faster than our previous method, roughly twice as fast as the well-known Bowring’s method, and much faster than the recently developed methods of Borkowski, Laskowski, Lin and Wang, Jones, Pollard, and Vermeille.  相似文献   

TRMM/PR资料在中尺度模式MM5中的应用     

徐枝芳  葛文忠  党人庆  Toshio IGUCHI  Takao TAKADA 《大气科学进展》2003,20(2):185-193

将中尺度非静力模式MM5中的积云参数化Grell方案作了改进，使它含有降水云的云水，即雨水含量，并用该模式对1998年6月29日08时-30日08时(北京时)和1998年7月1日08时-2日08时(北京时)发生在淮河流域的两次特大暴雨进行数值模拟研究，同时通过采用R-qr关系将TRMM／PR(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission/Precipitation Radar)得到的降水强度资料月计算出比含水量qr，然后用qv′＝qv qr取代原模式中的比湿qv。结果表明将TRMM／PR资料加入模式后，由于PR雷达具有较高的空间分辨率，能够很好地反映中小尺度系统的空间结构，能够使湿度值接近实际，缩短了中尺度系统的发展时间，使得模拟出来的降雨强度、雨量中心位置以及雨带形状更接近实况。  相似文献   

青藏高原局地因素对近地表层地温的影响   总被引：23，自引：6，他引：23  

王绍令  丁永建  赵林  小池俊雄 《高原气象》2002,21(1):85-89

青藏高原近地表层地温既受区域性因素（高度、经度、纬度）控制，同时又受局地因素的影响。观测结果表明，高原稀疏植被地段比裸地地温高，短时期薄层雪盖起降低地温的作用，南坡比北坡地温高2－7℃，黑色沥青路面年平均温度比碎石土天然的年平均地表温度高4．5℃，亦高于其它材料的路面地温。  相似文献   

Blueschist blocks at Mochimaru in the Tari-Misaka ultramafic complex: Their petrologic characteristics and significance     

Toshio Nozaka 《Island Arc》1999,8(2):154-167

Blueschist tectonic blocks occur in serpentinites at Mochimaru, Hiroshima Prefecture, Southwest Japan. They contain alkali amphibole coexisting with pumpellyite and chlorite, with or without calcic amphibole. Textural and chemical analyses reveal that the blueschists, together with other mafic schists, have similar metamorphic history. After their capture by serpentinites and before the emplacement of the serpentinites into the present geological position, the tectonic blocks were subjected to high P/T metamorphism around the boundary between the blueschist and pumpellyite–actinolite facies. The amphiboles formed by this metamorphism change from tremolite through glaucophane to ferroglaucophane with increasing FeO/MgO of whole rock compositions. The P–T conditions are estimated to be within 200–350°C and 5–7 kbar. These are higher P/T conditions than those of the regional metamorphism of Southwest Japan. The difference in the P–T conditions implies differences in tectonic situation and timing of metamorphism between the blocks and regional metamorphic rocks. In addition, the high P/T metamorphism of the tectonic blocks probably occurred in more reducing environments than the regional metamorphism. Because the ferric/ferrous iron ratios of the tectonic blocks are within a narrow range, it is stressed that oxygen fugacity was externally buffered during the high P/T metamorphism by the serpentinization process of the host ultramafic rocks. The reducing effect of serpentinization is common throughout the high P/T metamorphic terranes of Southwest Japan.  相似文献   

Preface——Solution Chemistry and the 36^th International Conference on Solution Chemistry (36 ICSC) in Xining,China          下载免费PDF全文

Toshio YAMAGUCHI 《盐湖研究》2019,27(2)

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Temporal variations of the net Kuroshio transport and its relation to atmospheric variations   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shusaku Sugimoto  Kimio Hanawa  Kumiko Narikiyo  Megumi Fujimori  Toshio Suga 《Journal of Oceanography》2010,66(5):611-619

Temporal variations of the net Kuroshio transport are investigated using long-term hydrographic data from repeat section of the 137°E meridian from the south of Japan (34°N) to New Guinea (1°S) conducted by the Japan Meteorological Agency. In this study, boundaries of the Kuroshio and the Kuroshio Counter Current (KCC) are defined based on the sea surface dynamic height distribution. Westward flows associated with the KCC and cold-core eddy north of the Kuroshio are removed from the eastward flow associated with the Kuroshio in order to estimate the net Kuroshio transport strictly. The net Kuroshio transport reveals low-frequency variations: significant signals on a decadal (about 10-year) timescale. The variations of net Kuroshio transport are predominantly caused by changes in the magnitude of oceanic current speed fields associated with a vertical movement of the main pycnocline depth around the southern boundary of the Kuroshio: deepening of the main pycnocline around the southern boundary of the Kuroshio forms a sharp northern upward-tilting slope of the isopycnal surfaces at the Kuroshio region, and eventually the net Kuroshio transport increases together with the Kuroshio eastward transport. By using a wind-driven hindcast model, it is found that the main pycnocline depth variation results from the first-mode baroclinic Rossby waves attributable to two types of Aleutian Low (AL) changes: a change in the magnitude of AL and meridional movement of AL.  相似文献   

Characteristics of coastal trapped waves along the southern and eastern coasts of Australia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kazuyuki Maiwa  Yukio Masumoto  Toshio Yamagata 《Journal of Oceanography》2010,66(2):243-258

The spatial structures and propagation characteristics of coastal trapped waves (CTWs) along the southern and eastern coasts of Australia are investigated using observed daily mean sea level data and results from a high-resolution ocean general circulation model (OGCM), and by conducting sensitivity studies with idealized numerical models. The results obtained from the sea level observations show that shortterm variations, with a typical period of 1 to 2 weeks, dominate the sea level variability in the southern half of Australia. The signal propagates anticlockwise around Australia with a propagation speed of 4.5 m/s or faster in the western and southern coasts and 2.1 to 3.6 m/s in the eastern coast. Strong seasonality of the wave activity, with large amplitude during austral winter, is also observed. It turns out that the waves are mainly generated by synoptic weather disturbances in the southwestern and southeastern regions. The numerical experiment with idealized wind forcing and realistic topography confirms that the propagating signals have characteristics of the CTW both in the southern and eastern coasts. Sensitivity experiments demonstrate that the difference in the phase speed between the coasts and reduction of the amplitude of the waves in the eastern coast are attributed to the different shape of the continental shelf in each region. The structures and the propagation characteristics of the CTWs around Australia are well reproduced in OFES (OGCM for the Earth Simulator) with dominant contribution from the first mode, although meso-scale eddies may modify the structure of the CTWs in the eastern coast. It is also found that generation or reinforcement of the waves by the wind forcing in the southern part of the eastern coast is necessary to obtain realistically large amplitude of the CTWs in the eastern coast.  相似文献