用地面气温特征向量场探讨北半球七十年代的气候特征     

巴文伦 《大气科学》1986,10(2):189-195

本文利用自然正交展开的分析方法,对10°S—80°N地区1968年12月—1978年11月历年逐月的地面温度距平场进行了分解.从分析中得到七十年代地面气温场变化的主要特征是:温度变化趋势是以多振动为主;夏季平均变化是偏冷的,冬季是偏暖的.再者是东半球的变化大于西半球,极区与中高纬的变化是反相的.通过分析温度变化的特征,进一步探讨了七十年代异常气候频繁出现的原因,表明气候异常主要是由于中高纬地区温度梯度变化加强,致使大气斜压性产生剧烈的变化而造成的.  相似文献   

嘉峪关光化楼残损变形现状及抗震性能分析     

巴振宁  焦鹏  张龙  刘冰松  张翔 《震灾防御技术》2020,15(2):293-304

中国木结构建筑是我国宝贵的物质文化遗产和文化瑰宝，具有悠久的文化历史。以嘉峪关光化楼为依托，对光化楼进行实地调研，分析光化楼主要残损变形。采用ANSYS软件建立考虑光化楼残损变形的三维有限元精细模型，并进行模态分析与时程分析。研究结果表明，光化楼主要残损变形为油饰脱落、墙体剥蚀开裂、柱偏移等，极个别柱产生较大偏移；光化楼刚度相对稳定，前20阶振型自振频率均在10Hz以内；光化楼动力放大系数与层间位移角均较小，仍具有良好的抗震减震性能。  相似文献   

粤北花岗岩型铀矿找矿潜力及找矿方向   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄国龙  吴烈勤  邓平  朱捌  张彦春  谭正中  曹豪杰 《铀矿地质》2006,22(5):267-275,280

深部构造环境、长期活动的深大断裂和成群成组的成矿构造带、多期次构造岩浆活动和蚀变叠加、多期次地幔流体和成矿流体的频繁活动，以及花岗岩丰富的铀源、良好的还原条件和封闭成矿环境等优越的成矿条件，使粤北成为得天独厚的花岗岩型铀矿矿集区。通过分析下庄矿田330南西地区“群脉型”、中洞地区“交点型”铀矿化，以及南雄矿田坪下水地区、棉花坑-书楼丘地区“硅化碎裂岩型”铀矿化等成矿条件好、找矿线索明显的地区，表明区内有较大的铀资源潜力和找矿潜力，为下一步的工作指出了方向。  相似文献   

On the use of biorthogonalization for solving systems of linear equations in numerical weather forecasting     

Michal Baťka  Reviewer K. Segeth 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1979,23(3):275-287

Summary The paper deals with the solving of large systems of linear equations which are created when implicit and semi-implicit differential methods are used to solve the primitive equations of the atmosphere. Systems with similar properties are also created in solving boundary problems of multi-level filtered models. First, the specific properties of these systems, which are then used to construct an efficient method of solving them, are described.  相似文献   

Outline of the Pan-African geology of adrar des Iforas (Republic of Mali)     

R. Black  H. Ba  E. Ball  J. M. Bertrand  A. M. Boullier  R. Caby  I. Davison  J. Fabre  M. Leblanc  L. I. Wright 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1979,68(2):543-564

The Iforas (60 000 km²) falls within the Pan-African mobile belt bordering the West-African craton in north-eastern Mali Republic. It is characterized by major N-S shear belts parallel to the edge of the craton which delimit longitudinal blocks some of which have undergone considerable horizontal displacements. The central core of the Iforas which consists largely of reactivated pre-Pan-African basement injected by Pan-African syn- and post-tectonic intermediate and acid plutonic rocks, has behaved as a relatively rigid blocks during the Pan-African dividing the orogenic belt into a western Iforas and an eastern Iforas.Western Iforas displays W to E zonation: an ophiolitic suture (Timetrine); trench volcano-sedimentary deposits cut by gabbros diorites and acid granitoids (Tilemsi); and a late orogenic composite »coastal range batholith intruding the pre-Pan-African basement of Central Iforas and its overlying volcano-sedimentary deposits which here display a littoral facies and a tillite.Central Iforas consists of two major units: a polycyclic pre-Pan-African basement metamorphosed under high amphibolite facies conditions of presumed Eburnean age and the Iforas granulite block bound to the W, N and E by shear zones.Eastern Iforas was totally separated during metamorphism and deformation from the Iforas granulite block. From West to East, three lithological assemblages have been recognised separed by shear belts: a Quartzite Group, a Gneissic Group and a Pelitic Group the latter representing the southern prolongation of the central Hoggar Pharusian province.Shear zones are an essential feature of Pan-African tectonism East of the West-African craton. The superimposed stress fields have been recognised producing: early N20° trending sinistral shear zones, a north-south dextral shear zone (Andjour-Tamaradant shear zone) and late conjugating sinistral NNW and dextral ENE wrench faults.Late Pan-African events reflect the uplift and unroofing of the Pan-African composite batholith, the intrusion of circular granite plutons often located close to shear zones and alternating episodes of distension and compression.Lastly the simple model proposed for the closing stages of the Pan-African in the Iforas is that of an active continental plate margin separated from the West African craton by an oceanic domain. Subsequent continental collision to the South with a promotory of the West African craton led to the formation of the Dahomeyan thrust front and modified the stress field. Closure of the oceanic domain of western Iforas is thought to have taken place by continued eastward subduction of the oceanic plate and sinistral movement along an inferred north westerly trending transform fault coinciding with the future Cretaceous Gao trough and an alignement of strong positive gravity anomalies. It was accompanied by the northerly migration of central and western Iforas along the conjugating dextral N-S Andjour-Tamaradant shear zone. Further shortening led to folding of the arcuate Timetrine-Ydouban-Gourma fold belt overlying the deformed margin of the West African craton.

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Zusammenfassung Das Iforas-Gebiet (60 000 km²) gehört zur pan-afrikanischen Bewegungszone, die in Mali an das westafrikanische Kraton grenzt. Diese Zone wird von N-S Scherbewegungen parallel zum Kraton durchzogen, wobei größere horizontale Versetzungsbeträge langgestreckte Blöcke herausgetrennt haben. Der zentrale Teil von Iforas besteht im wesentlichen aus reaktiviertem prae-panafrikanischem Basement, das in pan-afrikanischer Zeit von syn- und posttektonischen, intermediären und sauren Plutoniten intrudiert wurde. Dieses Gebiet wirkt als relativ starrer Block, der während der pan-afrikanischen Orogenese den Orogengürtel in einen westlichen und einen östlichen Ast teilt. Das westliche Iforas-Gebiet zeigt eine E-W Zonierung: eine Ophiolith-Sutur, einen vulkano-sedimentären Gürtel und einen Rand-Batholithen.Zentral-Iforas wird aus zwei Einheiten aufgebaut: ein mehrfach metamorphisiertes Basement und einen Granitblock.In den überregionalen Scherzonen lassen sich drei Stress-Felder erkennen: eine ältere 20° streichende sinistrale Scherzone, eine N-S dextrale Scherzone und jüngere NNW und dextrale ENE Bruchzonen.Spät-pan-afrikanische Ereignisse sind durch Heraushebung und Abtrag, Granitintrusionen und wechselnden Dehnungs- und Kompressionsbewegungen gekennzeichnet.

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Résumé L'Adrar des Iforas (60 000 km²) fait partie de la zone mobile pan-africaine en marge du craton ouest-africain au Nord-Est de la République du Mali. La région est caractérisée par d'importants accidents mylonitiques parallèles à la bordure du craton qui délimitent des compartiments longitudinaux dont certains ont subi des déplacements horizontaux considérables. La zone dorsale des Iforas qui consiste essentiellement en un socle pré-pan-africain réactivé et injecté au Pan-Africain par des roches plutoniques intermédiaires et acides, syn- et post-tectoniques, s'est comportée en compartiments relativement rigides au cours du Pan-Africain, divisant la chaîne en un rameau occidental et un rameau oriental.Le rameau occidental présente une zonation d'Ouest en Est: une suture ophiolitique (Timetrine); des dépôts volcano-sédimentaires de fosse recoupés par des gabbros et des diorites; et un vaste batholite composite tardi-orogénique qui recoupe le socle pré-pan-africain de la zone dorsale des Iforas et sa couverture de dépôts volcanosédimentaires ici à faciès littoral.La zone dorsale des Iforas comprend deux unités majeures: un socle prépan-africain polycyclique métamorphisé dans le faciès amphibolite, d'âge éburnéen présumé et le môle granulitique des Iforas, délimité à l'W, au N et à l'E par des accidents mylonitiques.Le rameau oriental était séparé du môle granulitique des Iforas lors du métamorphisme et de la déformation. D'W en E, on trouve trois unités séparées par des zones mylonitiques: un Groupe de Quartzites, un Groupe de Gneiss et un Groupe de Pélites. Ce dernier représente le prolongement vers le Sud de la province pharusienne du centre Hoggar.Les grands accidents de cisaillement sont un fait marquant du tectonisme pan-africain à l'Est du craton ouest-africain. Trois champs de contraintes superposées ont produit des accidents précoces sénestres de direction N20, un accident N-S dextre (Andjour-Tamaradant), et des failles cisaillantes tardives conjuguées d'orientation NNW sénestres et ENE dextres.Les événements pan-africains tardifs sont marqués par la surrection et l'érosion des batholites pan-africains, la mise en place de plutons granitiques souvent à proximité des grands accidents et par des alternances de distensions et de compressions.Enfin un modèle simple est proposé pour les stades ultimes du Pan-Africain dans l'Adrar des Iforas: une marge continentale active séparée du craton ouest-africain par un domaine océanique; suite à une collision au Sud avec un promontoire du craton ouestafricain qui aurait produit le front de chevauchement dahomeyen et modifié le champ de contraintes, la fermeture du domaine océanique de l'Ouest Iforas se serait produite par subduction à l'E de la plaque océanique et une translation sénestre le long d'une faille transformante orientée NW et coincidant avec le fossé crétacé de Gao et un alignement d'anomalies gravimétriques positives. Elle aurait été accompagnée par le déplacement vers le N de l'Iforas occidental et central le long de l'accident cisaillant dextre d'Andjour-Tamaradant. Cette fermeture aurait provoqué les plissements de la chaîne du Timetrine-Ydouban-Gourma qui repose sur la bordure déformée du craton ouestafricain.

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A modelling of effects of variable saturation in invaded zone near borehole on neutron tool response in the gas-bearing Miocene formations of the Carpathian foredeep,Poland     

M. Bała  U. Woźnicka  T. Zorski  A. Drabina 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2011,73(1):84-91

Invasion of mud filtrate from the borehole into the surrounding formation can significantly alter the response of logging tools.In this paper the neutron tool response was calculated for a gas-bearing rock crossed by the borehole.The invaded zone is characterized by variable fluid and gas saturation and is defined by a specific hyperbolic function. The saturation function is based on the characteristics of Polish Carpathian Foredeep Miocene formations reached in gas-bearing rocks. The whole system including neutron tool equipped with Am-Be neutron source and a set of neutron detectors, borehole, invaded zone, and virgin zone, was numerically modeled and used as the input to the Monte-Carlo neutron transport code. The response of each detector was calculated for different combinations of porosity and saturation of invaded zone and virgin zone.  相似文献   

Water cycle of a seasonally dry tropical forest (Southern Vietnam)     

O. A. Kuricheva  V. C. Avilov  Duy Ba Dinh  J. A. Kurbatova 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2015,51(7):693-711

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青海天峻新关角隧道涌排水水源识别与量化分析     

彭红明  袁有靖  李铜邦  董高峰  刘毅  巴瑞寿 《地质科技情报》2022,41(1):60-70

涌排水严重影响隧道施工与运行安全,查明隧道涌排水的来源,是隧道防水止水重要科学依据.青海天峻新关角隧道南北洞口处的地下水排水量分别为10021,60877 m3/d,两者存在近50000 m3/d的差异,涌排水量大,且来源不明.基于水文地质条件分析,分别采集了新关角隧道隧址区内大气降水、不同类型地下水和隧道出口涌排水水...  相似文献   

Comparison of P- and S-waves velocities estimated from Biot-Gassmann and Kuster-Toksöz models with results obtained from acoustic wavetrains interpretation     

Maria BałA  Adam Cichy 《Acta Geophysica》2007,55(2):222-230

Kuster-Toksöz and Biot-Gassmann models for estimating velocities of longitudinal and shear waves on the basis of well-logging data were analysed. P-wave and S-wave velocity models are crucial for interpretation of seismic data. Discussed models enable determination with quite good accuracy, in some cases higher than the acoustic full wavetrains interpretation. Because velocity strongly depends on lithology and saturation of pore space, the selection of parameters of rock matrix, hydrocarbons and formation waters has a strong effect on the quality of velocities estimation.  相似文献   

Recent catastrophic debris flows in Luding county, SW China: geological hazards, rainfall analysis and dynamic characteristics   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Huayong Ni  Wanmo Zheng  Zongliang Li  Renji Ba 《Natural Hazards》2010,55(2):523-542

About 127 debris flow gullies have been identified, and debris flows have been an important type of geological hazards in Luding County, affecting cities, towns, rural areas, scenic spots and human’s engineering projects, such as mining and waterpower utilizing equipments. In this summary paper, recent two catastrophic debris flow events occurred on June 30, 2005, in Chuni town, in the central of the county, and on August 11, 2005, in Hailuogou scenic spot, in the southwest of the county, respectively, are reviewed. The debris flow events are introduced on the basis of field investigation and RS interpretation and the triggering factors for flow occurrence are identified. Furthermore, the rainfall related to flow occurrence including antecedent rainfall and intraday rainfall is analyzed, and a power-law function which can be used as a basic warning line is established based on both antecedent effective rainfall and intraday rainfall. Then dynamic parameters such as flow velocity and flow discharge are calculated, respectively. Through comparison and discussion, some conclusions are made including (1) The antecedent rainfall played an important role for debris flows which generated predominately based on the slope-instability due to the saturated loose sediments; (2) Despite slower flow velocity and smaller magnitude, the slope-type debris flows just like 2005-6-30 debris flows usually lead to serious damages for the difficulty to forecast and to prevent; (3) The mistaken recognition on debris flow hazards and lack of prevention consciousness strengthen the hazard and damage degree. This research is of certain significance for the prevention and mitigation of debris flow hazards and for the planning of the town building and tourism development in the future.  相似文献